Word building VOCABULARY BANK

1 PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES 2 NOUNS FORMED WITH SUFFIXES

WHICH ADD MEANING
p Noun suffixes
a Match the bold prefixes in sentences 1-11 Common endings for nouns made from verbs:
to their meanings A-K. -ion I -(a)tion alienate - alienation
-ment em~ - em~ment
1 G Mumbai is a very overcrowded city.
Common endings for nouns made from adjectives:
2 Tokyo is one of20 megacities. -ness lonely - loneliness
3 This part of the city is very poor and -ence I -ance violent - -violence
-
underdeveloped. Common endings for abstract nouns made from nouns:
4 London is a very multicultural city, -hood neighbour - neighbourhood
with many different races and religions. -ism -vandal - -
vandalism
-
5 The quickest way to get around New
York is on the subway. a Make nouns from the words in the list and put them in the right
6 Montreal is probably the most bilingual column.
city in the world - most inhabitants
absent /'rebs;:mt/ accommodate /d'komdde1t/ alcohol /'celkdhol/
speak English and French.
brother /'br11.o;;i/ child /tJa1 ld/ cold /bold/ convenient /bn'vi:ni;;int/
7 If you want to avoid the traffic jams in distant /'d1st;;int/ entertain /entd'tern/ excite /Ik'sa1t/ friendly /'frcndli/
Bangkok, get the monorail. govern /'911.vn/ ignorant /'1gndr;;int/ improve /Irn'pru:v/ intend /rn'tend/
8 The autopilot was switched on after pollute /p;)' lu:t/ race /re1s/ reduce /n'dju:s/ ugly /'11.gli/ weak /wi:k/
the plane had taken off.
9 Vandalism, especially breaking public -ion I -(a)tion -ment -ness -ence I -ance -ism -hood
property, is very antisocial behaviour. accommodation
10 I misunderstood the directions that man
gave me, and now I'm completely lost.
11 He's doing a postgraduate degree in
aeronautical engineering. b 5 14l)) Listen and check.
A against G too mnch
B many H two
c I after
3 NOUNS WHICH ARE DIFFERENT WORDS
big
D
E
not enough
one
J under
K wrongly
p Noun formation with spelling or word change
Some nouns made from verbs or adjectives are completely different
F by (it)self words, e.g. choose - choice, poor - poverty.

b 5 12 >)) Listen and check.

a Write the verb or adjective for the following nouns.
c Match the bold suffixes to their meaning. Noun
1 There are a lot of homeless people in 1 verb loss /los/
this city. The situation is hopeless. 2 verb death /de8/
2 Be careful how you drive! The 3 verb success /sdk'ses/
instructions were very useful. 4 verb thought /8'J:t/
3 The police usually wear bullet-proof 5 verb belief /b1 1li:fI
vests. My watch is waterproof. 6 adj heat /hi:t/
4 Their new laptops are completely 7 adj strength /strel)8/
unbreakable. I don't think the tap
8 adj hunger / 'hAIJgg/
water here is drinkable.
9 adj height /ha1t/
A with B can be done 10 adj length /lel)8/
C resistant to D without
b 5 15 >)) Listen and check.
d 13>)) Listen and check.
-Ill( p.89