CONNECTORS SHOWING CAUSE AND EFFECT

1. CONNECTORS SHOWING CAUSE :

because
as
since
for.

The words “because”, “as”, “since”, “for” are FOLLOWED BY complete sentences or clauses
See the following examples:
 Amalia called her close friend because she missed her
 Alby goes to school by bus for his bicycle is broken

Meanwhile , the sentence conectors may be positioned at the beginning os sentences.

In this case, we must use a comma between the clauses.

Examples :

 Because she missed her close friend, Amalia called her

 Since the biology teacher was sick, Mr. Nando taught the students
 As the roadis being repaired, we have to take another route.

Notes :

 “As” and “since” are very similar. “As “ is less formal than “since”
 The clauses that start with “as “ and “since” often begin sentences.
 “For” never comes at the beginning of sentence.
 2. CONECTORS SHOWING EFFECTS / RESULT :
So
Therefore
As a result
Consequently
etc

All of them are followed by complete sentences or clauses.

See the difference between them in sentences, as follows.

COORDINATING CONJUNCTION ( SO) CONJUNCTIVE ADVERB

1. The biology teacher was sick, So Mr.Nando 1. The biology teacher was sick. Therefore, Mr.
taught the students Nando taught the students

2. The road is being repaired, so we have to take 2. The road is being repaired. Consequently, we
another route have to take another route

3. Maya is smart and behaves very well, so she is 3. Maya is smart and behaves very well. As a
appointed the model student. result, she is appointed the model student.

Note :

Connectors showing causes can be placed at the beginning of sentences, but connectors showing
effects/results cannot
TASK II ( in this semester)

Arrange the following words into the meaningful sentences.

Put the correct punctuation in the sentences.

1. Abroad –he – her brother – Rika – since – is – often – studying – misses

2. Due to – is – Mr.Roy – her achievement – his daughter – proud of
3. Is – hanging out – people- very shady – the town park – there – like – so
4. Keeping – is – people – koi- colorful – because – like – it
5. A shelter – Alice – the heavy rain – because of – took
6. due to – a long speech – is – student’s boredom
7. had – a dentist – therefore - Hilmy – he a toothache – saw
8. the rich man’s – the thieves – as – empty – the house- properties- was- stole
9. their houses- because-many people-inundates- a big flood-being- evacuated-are
10. a storm – cancelation – due to – study club’s - the - was