UNIT 5 TE READING @ Read an article about optimistic people. Tick (¥) the correct summary Of te author's ideas. 1 D1 tts usualy imposst tris if vou 2 [1 Amvone can be optmste ney ‘choose to do the right things. 3 C1 Hiehiy optimistic people are more in to be with natural b_ Read the article again, Match topics ae wilh paragraphs 1-5, 2 C1 Choosing the right things to think b [Having fontosics can help © E) Keeping a record 4 EJ Rethinking your attitude to work eT] Where you are, who you're wih © Read the article ayain. Are the sentances true or false? 1 Opiimists are both healthier and mare successful at wor 2 Optimists focus on the happiness tat | the maney they carn can bring, 3.’ easier ta think about bag things mat have happened to you than good things 4 Ine wnter suggests tat Ifyou believe thing enough, youl dointaly achieve wnat you want 5 The writer saye that wi help you understand your any ona waive | 6 The atic ses that optimistic people | are lucky hecause they are naturally | vety ust 4 Write 9 paragraph about staying positive, Remember to include: ‘© wmat makes you feel posi ‘what makes you fel less postive «what you do if yu wen lo improve yur mand Reading and listening extension “Five SECRETS OF HIGHLY OPTIMISTIC PEOPLE Everyone wants fo be on optimist but ifs not alvays easy = matt ef us have to fry har to slay postive when life is {geting us down fs worth the effort, though, since optimists {enjoy beter neath and even do beter in het careers. Here ‘fe fe things that optimists do that wil help you look on the bright sida, evan when you're stuck in atric jam or forced tework on a Sunday. ‘The secret fo optimism i hat f doesn ust napoen ~ higny plimishe people wk hard ta stay posfive. FyOU want fo do ‘wel in your ooroot empreve your relationships ondl enjoy your ie 5 tne lo give opt sma ry Sensi ee anit about het work De you noes Te foros yoUrself0 go 10 work each morning? Opis don't because they ump out of bed excied to face tha day This is baoauise splimists have chosen jobs and ‘cole hich they genuinely foo pazsianata about you ‘Gant remember ihe ea line you enjoyed a doy ot work iFmay be ne fo star looking for new ob For Optimists ‘werk more thas just an opportunly to earn mone i's ‘be an oppertuniy to loom, grow andl aa whl thoy He (Optimists focus an goad things even thongh is nob the 2 ccsiest thing to do.According to Rorida Stote University professor Roy F Boumelster's aril, ’Bau ly Shuriges Thon ‘Good i's much easier fo focus onthe rainy days tan the sunny ones In the paper Baumelster says peoole re gencrolly more upsat bout losing $50 than they are ‘nop te gui $50. When you star feel badHermpered ‘oy depressed, think about something good rom your oy fo balance out the negative emotions, Optimists make o Choice fo focus on the goad in thet ita intent of thinking ‘about the bod, Optimists ore mor likely to bo adventurous and 8 mbotious.Beew in your uieoris — and you Pave big dreams. you might achieve better rsuls in 1997. rmcererher Baty McPherson studied chil musicians. ‘heir goale and what happened fo them ler inte, He {urn tat the child musicians who imagined themsehos pploying ner nsitument forever were MOF Ihety YO hecome professional musicions inthe future. So, while Bolle on ifs an isn't 2naugh for sucress lil drecming -certinly won't hurt Optimists oop 0 diary As we've mentioned Is very easy Eso oous ori regi eves elves und ignore the: positives. Keeping a diary can helo you release negate ‘energy and focus on Dostive emotions During a few duiet ‘moments in your mamning or belere hack wre c Ist of the ‘busine nies om your dor things you're trying fo ‘achieve nine tutu ‘Optimists surround therisxtves wih yood feelings. you suiround yours wth supportive people and things you “Enjoy youl improve your mood and your day.The next time you lars conesntation and star vaoking at videos Ur cals ang doge on the Infemet, dor fe! 30 bad about the tna you wasted, Ressoren Nas shown that spent ‘few moments doing somethina you enjoy wil actualy mote you mere prsductivaLISTENING @ © Listen to a conversation between two friends, Andraw and Fran. Tick (/) the things thay tall about 1 LJ anew supermarket 4 1] food choices 2 Ci packaging 5D] technology 3 Dar 6 Fl animal conservation Wy Listen again and tick (7) the correct answers. 1 Whats unusual about te supernarkel Fran mentions? [thas very ow pris compared to other supermarkets b LJ It sels diferent kinds of things from mast other supermarkets € [Zi The wayit sels thines is different rom other supermarkets 2 Why wouldnt Androw want to use a supermarket ie tis? 22] He thinks it would be too time-consuming to shop there > [1 He doesnt want have la use is ct Loe tee cc [He thins its safe if reduc inthe supermarket use aches, What pmblem does Fran not mention relating ta the use of packaging? 4] The palutin it causes when itis manufactured, > [1 The rik it causes to animate they eat it 1 The fact that soten nat dealt wth propery ater it has bean used 4 What does Fran say about the dea of never using 2.ca?? a Ltt prosaby impossite > ts cic, but nt impossinle © Ei tt peur wav age to 0 i 5 Which ofthe flowing statements ia true about Andrew? 2 [1 He didn't know about the postive environmental impact of ves [THe doesn't agree win people not eating meat. [Tete going to ty toreduce the amount of mst ho at hr of the folloning stalamants act umnmarises Fran's ww vies ute ene? 1) We ned tn css what can dot lp the snvronment mor fen LJ Peosl in general arent doing enous to hel the envionment © [1 People wil xobaby start chaning ther behaviour chen they eae how ous the aan ia. 7 How hopeful Fran about te cha solving envronmertal pobies? 3 very hoot bE] peneraly ret © EE tery heat 128 of new technology © Write an email to a newspaper about @ global problem that you are worried about. For example, ‘Pollution is a major problem all over the world’. Remember to include: ‘© a snort cesenipton o ne probiem why the problem worries you a possible solution to te problem why the peoblem might be fil ta ene ce Review and extension GRAMMAR Tick (¥) the correct sentences. Correct the wrong sentences, 1 [1 Please wrte as soon as possible to me, Please write to meas soon as posable. 2 7 She probapiy nas teen wai fortis neds all week 3 [1 Your ip to Antarctica wont certainly disappoint you 4 [J rs nocimey ma sre vo yersuaue rer pares 5 1] what wi we doing this time tomorrow? 6 [1 We nope thatthe problem wil have been sed VOCABULARY Tick (/) the correct sentences. Corrsct the wrong sentences. 1 We need someone responsable fis jt Weneed comenne reeponaibla foe tia 2 [yey nat Tom was rable un his lest incident 3 ype a tal o An because shes more smpathatic 4 (J If your desk is always tidy, you're probably organised well 5 LJ Pollution has led to the climate change in many areas. 6 (J) Most things we do leave some kind of carbon footprint. ‘Complete the sentences with the expressions in the box. bolh sides fom side Wwside ice side siiehyside tone 1. Develoned countries need to work side yside to nelp the devoloping pats ofthe word 2 Usa seems a bt cold sometimes, but she detintey nas her 3 In ths essay, you need ta present _of ne argument 4 was so scared ~ tne boat was racking —____ in the high wind. 5 The teacher took the ci and Wd fe ot toda againEEGRAMMAR cerunds and infinitives ‘a Underline the correct words to complete the conversation. ELEN. Hi, Max, glad Yo sae / sesing you. Hows your summer? MAX Boring! I'm looking formar to “go! goingrback to allege, 7o sit! Singin fran of the computer all aay i nox my Kes ut a Ido. Why don't yous gn samewhere “to have having break? | think i’ really important ®to get? geting away frm everything once ina while Ta raved Travelingis a waste of time. | remember nwt / visitng Paris last soning. ries “to see/ seeing the Mona Liza in the Louvre, but there were 80 ‘many people | could? even get inthe ram whith tia3 just ag well ood forgtten %to take! taking my Camera, Anyway, 7m not interested in waking to walk round in crowds of tourists Sorry "heannig to hear that ~ bul kok, stop te be? 0 negative. You obsously ike at that's why ‘you were in he Louvre, so why not do something connected with that? | ran see you “doing to do sometnng creative Max Tvetried “painting! to paint and | wast too bad at HELEN. There you are, you may go on "being f bein the Laura yoursal ween wax ELEN Viggen! LAS GNM Listen ana cneck. © Complete the text will infinitive or gerund forms of the varbe in the bow isten met ‘admire continue cut pour protect & = Woleome to Niagara Falk This is yu etsoal audio audebook, Remember za airs the volume up aut igh because’ pety nis hee You can { fear evo * dune al, rion of tres every mine. | in veuwane Tee este etn Es J | gate Use ston and goo itsamazng”, that he als have bene yet. ine the Niagara river rade power encugh * huge piece out ofthe rock More about this ater. Bade to ion of tours come" — ne Fl ea ye. 1 so mary vistors i ya, but all the activty cases at of | camage, so we ae ning”. ‘the al 3¢ mac as possible. So Bascal, ie today mili d GM Listen anu check. r 34 A eC n ie CEL Cau 4 FAVOCABULARY Travel and tourism 4 Read the definitions, Reorder the letters to make travel and tourism adjectives. 1 noteasiy txpollen == em bocomr! —memarable 2. ede and strange ebzari¢ 3 somwlhing you admire ipesvimers 4 extremely attractive unsgntni — 5 the anly one of ts kind euginu 6 very igh quality esurup —— naisostinhg armbakeet! — ly surprising 8 very natceable b Complete the text witi Ie words in the box. There are two extra words you do not need Tonstructions features lobby outskris setting studio terminal terace trails venue ‘The Grovepark Hotels located ina perfect |__coting__ ‘on the ‘of Casterbridge ust halfan hour away from the city centre and minutes fro the * goingup into the Wessex hills. Irs an ideal conference ‘ vith a nurnber of dologates ‘wil appreciate, Whether you're outside relaxing on the : dimirig te views wer your eoffe, ar ineldo inthe “ba youl fel completely at home. infact, why noch portent 0 that seals lea hare fm home? ¢ MB Listen and check PRONUNCIATION Consonant groups Look at the underlined syllables and decide if they contain 0, 1 of 2 consonant sounds, Tick (¥) the correct bor. ‘2 We had some super meals in an local resaurat Mast of te pains come from private colections My haliday in Rome was quite an experience. ‘The highligh uf the trip was probably the music festival Crates the largest island in Greece. Tho train terminal isa short walk from the ata b IM | isten and check.disappear GRAMMAR The passive Underline the correct words to complete the text. ‘Speak any language in 30 days! That righ, with our new computer use, any language can "he leat /hevn han eat tforssWy This ismade posile “wrth /byan amazing pace of software which today hasbeen usd /is being used thausands of people studing 25 Aiforet language nth comfort o hor ev homoe. It so simple. All the work ‘is done is. being dane online and the course iscomplete. No expanciva extras have tobe Bought / boon bough. But don tlsten tous, steno our customers: Sam promoted /was promoted tack in January, but needed to Improve my English. This couse “has bean rcommensed tad been :eammendesto me by colleague, s| bought it and the results were cating! Nuwar unseat iy cnsiueredi aves post andt'm hoping my saan “wil be increased / was increased {Wackio Lo, 32) ours, Now ean communicato with poople all over the word. so Bf o1ad1 "was persuaded /am persuaded 0 sign up (Mabel Sith, 83) ‘What are you waiting for? Send us an email and you "are contacted / ile corteten oy our customer care tea in 24 nous, Gea! Adie! Pots! Cio! b (MM Listen and check © Complete the sentences with the correct possive form of the verbs in brackets. 1 Englsi Ie 2poken (speak all round the world nowadays 2 The ancient rtuscri. aga inan unknown dialect 3. Many forign words the centuries. 4 And that wes the lat word to the language of Bo. 5 Al the smaller languages wich isa great shame, 6 There are foe online courses, bu (encourage) ta take them? 7. Knew online dictionary of medical terme (made) for doctor at the moment 8 The language. (not / hear) onthe stan for years before ts rewval began. 9 The pronuncistion of any language —___ maka) ut of fixed numberof possible sounds, 20 There is no doubt that grommer should (teach) to children in schools taday. (oie) any years {ad to Enghsh over (peak in tae) one day people About half the world’s languages will 1 have been oven /am ven a comnltey new ircton in iby this EAVOCABULARY Describing change a Underline the correct words to complete the sentences. 1 Membership 2 Inedoda 3 Asyoucan rrumbers began detarivated/ see, eventually to decing ! died ourdve ewan nigures iseppearlater to human decreased) in the year interterence. ‘increased. 4 Happiy salesare 5 Myrelatonship 6 The ship Staringte decine) with my boss dad out rewveaner a ‘vegan to atsappearea at disappointing start deteriorate! sea and was net preserve seen again bb Complete the conversation with the noun form of the words in brackets. A Professor, why aitimponant to hep languages ale? Because me “sural _ (sure) of anguages means the? {preserve of cutures, to. A bre tere many languages being est? B You can see the § (cisappear) of smal languages al the time A Can yeu give any examples? B Beforussan, he arguage In Belarus, nas lea out, but it in deeline art ite (generate ight sot speak a al A Wiha shout sop? B There has been a" ___(eive) inthe Cec language of Corrish 1A But whet causes languoge © (ose)? B Basicaly (compet) wih bigger languages. ‘The nore in Engl a a major international language s a massive facto. The elec oes bevond just aneuane 1A hot do you mean? B Well, lobalsabon can also mean a® (deteriorate) in eal customs A That sounds depressing tue. ¢ GMM Listen and check.Se CORO CUCM La Cau USEFUL LANGUAGE Introducing requests; Showing you are grateful ‘a Complete the exchanges with the sentences in te box. Do you mind if ask you to get my coat? Great I don't know hr t thank you. Hi, Rosie, There's an idea V’é like to run past you. {was wondering if you wouldn't ming neiping me with something? ‘Hhone you don't mind: masking but ere yoursround osestene? \'m realy sorry to ask you this, but could you giver lift home? 1A Lhapa yaudort mind my asking butane vou around Yoo werkend? Yes, | am, Di you need a favour? Whats that? No, natal. What 1? Oh, don't worry about it No roblom, where sr Sure, 1G Complete the conversation, Write one word in each gap. MARION Good to ee you, Derek! Oo you mine : — | ask you someting? DEREK No) — stall. Go ahead. | MARION | ope you don't mind: my 4 but I was you would mind writing & feu words forthe club webste? We're tng to get members proties ot tet: It sounds good and I'm happy to ust tell me wh kind of ting you're looking at MARION. Supsr, | 23 it DEREK DEREK hrs no #__ ata. d IM Listen and check. 38 PRONUNCIATION Consonant sounds ‘a ©¥MM Listen and circle the correct consonant sound for the underlined letters. 1m not sure peuple walch as much television as they used to. : sure i sl 5° Q) Mh television Ish iy 1) IW Its! 2 She's aso the author ota cavecton of futher iS 16 idrens (8! If) 3 A (cl 3. There ae several causes of damage to our fragile environment 118i ial 3h My is MY Hes 1 4 never gt to knaw her niece very wel, ough i I) I thourh 10/17 1? (5 10 5. The report sues taking af fragile sh look at the health supgests 07 1)! A) My healt (BI 10% Ish 6 i's an adventure story wnicn start wit he mic Lieracter in prigon adventure (0! (2 15/ prgon fel fal i igh Il Thete was alt af confusion and embarrassment wen | pul the question embarrassment in) il st tal iff t5) iy {8 1 do appreciate how urgent this matter has become. appreciate (OV ist fat ift 13! urgent /si /2! 3) if! © Thanks anyway for checking. B lisa pleasure checking Ish fel Bf IM a! Pleasure sf iz! ffl I) Hs! 10 Occasional Occasionally iS! M2 i f9h A s) ial If dessertACSC a aT tsa RUSE ACRE UE UC READING a Read the travel log. Are the sentences true or false? 1 The bus was cheaper than other kinds of anspor 32 ta Vegas was nt particularly interesting to make an impression on you. in Vegas. bb Read tne blog again and find five adiectives which mean very good or very surprising. 1 amazing 2 3 4 5 EAWRITING SKILLS Using descriptive language Put the words in the correct ardar to make sentences. 1 through /alasoutely he inurney on viet il the ak forest was / unforgettable Thelouney an qulet-wald tarouah the dark trast was abeclutely unforgettable 2 unbelievable, with / the scenery was / deep snow / absolutely / high mountains in 3 abcolutaly/ youll find &/ea8y 07 mind-blowing, and its 4 original / wooden hou absolutely / especially th to eneop ond ‘old town 1s Tabulous,/ the / this world soe recogni Mall is itaily foul of Ne because its / the Ta 6 inthelr/ we spent/ cosy caltage / awesome day with some /an absolutely /findly vilagers BEE | wrote ‘the macness of Vegas” in my last entry, but ‘that waon't trong enough to describe what we found In this crazy toyn. We came trom Lake Mead by bus, the most economical way of geting there. That was an experience i itself, as there were some amazing ‘characters on board. When you fest come to Vegas, the sight of all tase lights, massive hotels and leisure complexes is absolutely awe-inspiring. We were staying in quite an ‘ordinary hotel by Vegas standards, but it was huge even got lost in the lobby! Inere's so mucn to go n vegas: tne entertainment 's absolutely fabulous. We went to an aquarium, @ Star Trek museum and a magic snow, wich wes just ‘rind-biowing ~ | think I'm starting to believe in magic row after sing all hose unbelievable tricks they do. “That was Veges and it was realy the experience of a lifetime. Our next ston is ooina to be somewhere alot quieter that won't be dificult after Veges. WRITING 8 Write a travel blog about a place you've been to (different from the one you wrate in Exercise 4 on p.77 of te Student's Book). Use te notes to help you + here you went (what nd of pace tt? how did you get there? where did you stay?) + what you did (ightseemng, entertainment, meeting people, food) wnat you saw (nterestng testures) + hot tr ike (he good and bad pont, ‘owl you ernmnend #9)UNIT 6 EEREADING a Read the article and tick (V) the correct summary. 1 LJ Although many people think angua isin fact norma. 2 Ti Language change 1s generally ne i out best to stop i 2.7 We ain't know why language ange i bad, 1 and we should change happers, butts bb Read the article again and tick (¥) the correct answers. 1 What does the wlter say about language in small LJ Some people learn to speak better than other peop bb [Al There ao lt of variation, for many dfarentrenenn 2 What points the writer making when mentioning grandparents? 2 [1] That language changes ewer time even if o2oole stay inthe sane place. > [1] That young people should leam the forms usea by ther grandparents Reading and listening extension a we learn wnen Jonathan 2 L) Thathe crestes a national insttution to protect the [rgish langucee, » LJ That, unlike n France ana way, mere was no rational insttution to protect the E ‘4 What positive aspect of language change does the writer retin 2 Li ttallows speakers to adapt to changing stations b EJ tthelps make postive changes in society '5 What does the writer suggest inthe final sentence? 2 L] Some people wll always distke how Cish changes b C1 Language clung in English will make speakers o English more creative, Jish language. (© Write a paragraph about some ways your language, or & language you know wel, varies. Remember to include: + how diforonty young and old people speak the langage ‘how diterenty people rar alleen places speak the language «© whether you lke te Uiferences, or find any af them annoying. WHY DOES LANGUAGE CHANGE? Pee he eu acl Byontireeree met et he Ua a Cri eer a oda ‘Intiuences from other people Language changes whenever speakers come inta contact with ach other No tw indhicuas spoak tne same way: pose ilerent places lay spank fleet, but even vith the same ‘Si Grn, ,aoule Speen cferenty depending on the ago, ‘gender. orcn, and social and educatonal backeyound. When Interact with thse ofrentspaals, in eferent stations, we hear re rds, exressions and pronunciations, nd con mks them @ pat of ou ovn speech, Even your tay nas wean Te ‘amo area for ganieations, you ean prohahiydentfy a number of iteences belimast lnc language you use and te vy your Cranrnarens soak or oko, Evory generation contoUtes 10 language change and when encugh time has passed, tha impact cof these cnanges becomes iure obvious. Attitudes to language change Jonathan Sw the {ih-century sh author onoa wrote that ve should find wey’ to stop our language changing, Even toc, Common to nd this idea - some pepe ik that language shoud be fazen intima, ard pected fom fashions and social rend. Language change often nought asa negate hin: Outing ‘he 18th centny, Suit and many cther people ft the English language was in serious decine and thats national insttuton — lke those that exsteg mn rence anc tay ~srour be ceed festabien ues ant preserve the anguape. Even today, we he peouls complaining about a sok of standards in epoken and ‘written Enalsh New woras ang expressions, or pronunciairsaret ‘changes in grammar eva cise, art ae offen considered bad) Change can be a good thing Most ing ists belive thet change in language Ie any changoin society Is unevorsabe, Changes way of eoping = angiag® alle and useful. and ges speakers Oiferent ways of saying tings vith extremly gral diferenoas of rnearg ad ways ut eapresing ‘entry new ideas. The soaaemies ‘elabished in Francs and ay have had sasuess in decreasing the amount of change in French or Itsan, and the gradual change in ‘pinion of Or utnsun ~ a fernous cletonary wer who ved at the come time ae Swit - snows hays ideas nave develops sbout language change. in 1747, Johnson wrote about fp dooto to we a ctionary that would cho pronunciation of Enis are! kee it a Fut when he completed the dictionary ten yoo later, ho admitted his imroaucton het ng aiangueue was irpossibe. Like ior no language's aivaya changing and nash vl go on dong son many ‘create and ~fo seme people ~ anreing ways.@ @IEM Listen to the podcast and tick (7) the topics that the people mention. |e spats | Vesta D Listen again and tick (¥) the correct answers, | Which reason does the presenter not give for why people go on ‘staycations"? a [1] to save money to find things near where you ve ¢ [Zi tahave a chance to do work around the House 2 What does Mike say about what made the staycation special? 2 [1] the visits to tho exhibitor and tho coast » Li the small changes to how he spent his day © Dy the fast ne waar toying in a hota 3 What do we leam about Mike and his wis? 2 [J They dort normaly eat breakfast get 1] They lucy ike ts have ect eal © Ey They dort havea Tv 4 Wich ofthe folowing tatoments fs tru about Samantha stavcation? 3 L] She didnt do everthing she had orgially planned oa, he cd moce acti than she plannad ¢ she repeatea some or ne acnvmes on omerent cays. 5 What does Samantha say about the food she ate? @ C1 She never ate taheonay. b EF She ate takeaways several times. ¢ [1] She only ate a takeaway once, 6 Wmnat dows Inam about Lovie ohidran during hai stayeation? 2 [1 They dint think he taycation was ferent from noxmalroiays b They were unable to follow a rule Louise har made © Ey They id spent every de 7” Which ofthe guests would recommend a stycation tothe listeners? 2] Miko and Samantha Me and Louse © Catithrac gueste © Write a blog post giving advice on having @ ‘staycation’ in your county or home town, Remember to include: ‘+ a short definition ofa 'staycatin ‘+ some suggostions of places to vist “some suggestions of acts 1 do ‘dass fer people who dont hve alt of money & Review and extension GRAMMAR Tick (/) the correct sentences, Coreect the wong sentences. 1 (1 Irecommend to vit Grugopark a soon os you ean. I recommend vistina Grugaparkas s00n as you can [1 crminas shouts soo thinking about he corcaquences of that avons. 1] Wot tying caving monay fora naw car [LJ Setng up at 6:00 inthe mornings not my ea of un, [E] The topic nas been discussed onthe shaw lat right [Ey Anew ticketrg system s being irtroucet EA VOCABULARY Tick (V) the correct sentences, Correct the wrong, sentences, 1] Saliys score nthe test was ea impressing Ball/sccarein the test.was realy impressive 2 [1 Thetinn fnistes wills drameaial ast scene [LJ The scenery is quite stunning especialy ona clear day 4 Dy Tine tas Leer o 10% iciease uf wis 5 [L) There has been a revivation of interest in photagraghy. 6 [Poole nerly notice the dsappecring of languages ‘Complete the sontences with the words in the box. There are two extra words you do not need. burn chill fall_yel_ yo pes sland work 1 twas such a shock that for a moment I thought | was foing to pase out onthe floor. 2 Con anybody ut the enawer to number sit? 3 Weused io out about realy stupia things Tike whose turn it waste feed the cat. 4. None of these new songs realy seem to__ out 5 Youregoingto. cut you dan’ take a creak soon, 6 like t» ___ out by ying on the sota and stening i country must.