Faculty of Architecture & Urban Planning

Arba Minch Institute of Technology (AMU)

A Proposal for Studio Project

On
ARBA MINCH CITY, ART CENTER

Submitted to: Instructor of Arch 3102 (Section-B)

Ar. Mohammad Salman
Ar. Tonja Torora
Ar. Philmon Gebeyhu
Ar. Melese B

Submitted by:
1. DEREJE FUFA RAMIT/405/10
2. EPHRATA SENBETU RAMIT/476/10
3. HAWI GURMESA RAMIT/690/10
4. MICHAEL GEZAHEGN RAMIT/932/10
5. MIKIYAS AMEHA RAMIT/947/10
6. ZELALEM MELKAME RAMIT/1525/10
7. YARED TESFAYE RAMIT/1630/09
 Introduction
What is art?
 An art is something that is created with imagination and skill and that expresses important ideas
and feelings
 ART is the history of an activity or product made by humans in a visual form of aesthetical
or communicative purposes expressing ideas, emotions or in general a worldwide.

What is center of art?

 Center of art is a functional community center with specific remit to encourage arts practice
 and to provide facilities such as theatre space, gallery space, locations for musical performance
work shop areas the educational facilities technical equipment's etc.

Objective
 The improvement of Arba Minch and its five surrounding people life style by integrating

cultural manufactured or produced material in local area and also creating a good job

opportunity for the community

 Create a habitable space for the community

Why we select center of art?

 The center will have a significant role in preserving the right and true culture and image
of the social identity.
 The art center will make the production process simple and modern. From the beginning to the end
will be processed in one center with different professionals
 Social Aspect
• Keeping the culture and reflect of identity. The most important thing in here is
this kind of project help to pass over the culture from generation to generation

• It increase social interaction depend on all the art and education reflect in
there are a lot of peoples come and gathering knowledge
Also help to create a well skilled or skilled man power in art and help them to
reflect the passion they have inside

• Promoting every needed information in the community

• educational: to cultivate an appreciation of the art forms through the

exposure of audiences to examples; to form part of an educational program
for school children, students and those in adult education.

• Prestige: international, national, regional, city or town comparison; re-

enforcement of regional identity emphasizing dispersal from metropolitan
focus.

• Quality of life: performing arts as acceptable complementary activities to

work and domestic obligations as a positive use of leisure time which
enriches life culturally and also socially.

• Regeneration: part of a wider program to revitalize an existing city or town

center or to assist in the Introduction formation of a new community, to
attract industry, commerce, institutions, housing, and so on.

• Cultural democracy: to stimulate and foster participation in the performing

arts by all sections of a community, defined locally, as a creative activity.
Economic Aspect:
direct employment of staff and performers; benefits to secondary
businesses such as poster and program printing and material supply; a
widening of the tourist and conference market which, in turn, brings
money into the town or city; an attraction to encourage relocation, and
location of organizations, institutions, industry and commerce in an area
with subsequent employment benefits.
 Cultural Aspect:
• to safeguard an aspect of cultural heritage; continuity of art forms, display of
performing skills and sustaining national, local or ethnic traditions;
• To retain and improve an existing stock of facilities and established
companies for the performing arts, or to provide new facilities to ensure
cultural opportunities.
•
 •

JUSTIFICATION
Arba Minch is one of the tourist destination towns in our country. As the nature abundance is the
main attraction for the tourist, art could also be one attraction. But as a matter of fact there is no art
based that attract or invite the tourist to the town.
According to population data in the city youth takes max. no of population
According to our analysis in the city max. No of youth doesn’t have a training area for their hobbies
HOW EXACTLY AN ART CENTER COULD BE A TOURIST ATTRACTION
 Art is a reflection of a society life style collecting the cultural
and modern art center in one and improving the skill will
eventually
 The production of goods and arts sell and exhibition which
are performed in this center will be visited by local visitors
and foreign tourists
 It creates more awareness for the tourists and also for the
society about the art of the society
 It gives a chance of cultural interaction with another areas
 as we can see here in Arba Minch there is no center of art or any official art
performing center
 In the current condition of Arba Minch there are two music schools which are found
around sikela in Tengo terara building and old Dashen building.even if they don’t fulfill
the criteria (standard ) of school

Bright music school is

located around sikela in
old Dashen building at
seco1`nd floor
 Keradion begena school is
around around sikela in
tangaro terara building at
first floor. The school has
approximately 50 students
and it gives service twice a
week

 There is lack of flow of knowledge or experience sharing .for example in the current situation most of
the workers in traditional cloths or waving older people, this shows the knowledge or skill is less
transferred from one generation to the other
 There is lack of place in which the youths can get both getting knowledge and art at the same time
recreate and develop their hobby
 Lack of comfortable spaces in which different art fields are found in one place

For whom do we need the Center of art?

• We need the center of art for all parts of the society in age group, mostly for the students
who are passionate and talented in art

• For visitors who came here to visit the work of students and wonders of the zone.
• For Foreign tourists and local
Total facility size 12000
19500

By Whom
• This center controlled and managed by the government. Because the end user

• of this school of art and design center is the society so they can get the service

by low cost.

Building typology
This building is
Educational : as an art school
Recreational : as there are many programs for entertainment and recreational
purpose
1. SITE ELECTION
2. Location
.
● Location: the position within the urban or rural area of the proposed building,
its linkage to other activities and possible wider development policy.
The location of the site is a critical issue and requires to be:
● In an appropriate position to attract the anticipated visitors (audiences
and others).
● Safely and easily accessible – by foot, bicycle, car, taxi, coach and public
transport – from all parts of the catchment area it is to serve. Public transport
needs to
be available after evening performances. As buildings for the performing arts are
open late in the evening then the location should be safe.
• By its location should be considered including opportunities for external signs
and posters, and other visual displays.

3. Neighborhood Context
a. Existing and projected building uses in the neighborhood.
b. Present and future uses of exterior spaces in the neighborhood.
c. Existing and projected vehicular movement patterns.

4. Size and Zoning

5. Legal
Covenants and restrictions (site area usage allowed, height restrictions,.
6. Circulation
a. on site or adjacent vehicular movement patterns including type of traffic,
origins and destinations.

7. Utilities
a. Location, capacity and conveyance form (type of pipe, etc.) of power,
telephone and water utilities
 building norms and at proposed site

1. Floor Area Ratio

N0 Plot size Site Occupancy Ratio (SOR)

Number of stories.

<150 - Single story detached Max. 75%

- Single story attached Max 65%
- Two and three story detached Max 60% (rental
or condominium)
150-175 - Single story detached middle-income- Max 65% allocating
- Single story semi-detached - Max 60% land for
- Single story attached - Max 55% high-
- Two and three story detached - Max 60% income,
- Two and three story semi-detached -55% minimum
- Two and three story attached - Max 50% Site
Occupancy
175-250 G+1-G+2- Min 65 % Ratio
should not
250-400 G+0, G+1 Min 65 and 50% respectively be lower
that 40 per
400-600 For G+2, G+1-and G+0 Min 45, 50 and 65 cent for
Respectively. G+2
>600 G+0, G+1, G+2 Min 40% and above shall be housing
allowed. In doing so proposed facilities and units and
building elements shall be considered. the

2. Ground Coverage
Preliminary size recommendation for the art center

Facility components low high

Exhibit space 4000m 6000m
Office/ admin space 1500m 2000m
Classroom/ workspace 1500m 2000m
Work/ studio space 500m 1000m
Retail space 500m 1000m
Sub total 8000m 12000m
Circulation back of house etc 2500m 5000m
Restaurant/ café 1500m 2500m
Total facility size 12000 19500
The art facilty has take a ground coverage around 2000m2

The total area of site was around 12,845,32m2

Height Restriction’s
The height restriction of the art facility or any building depends on
Function of building
Height regulation of the site
Bearing capacity of soil at site

G+4 G+3 G+2 G+0

According to the area of the site the maximum height of building allowed is G+4
 Climate of Arba Minch city

Generally in the Gamo Gofa zone experiences six agro climatic zones. These include Dry kola, Dry
woina Dega, Moist kola, Moist Dega, Moist woina Dega and Wurch agro climatic Zones. Based on
climatic classification, from the total land area of Gamo Gofa zone moist koIa Agro climatic zone
accounts 51.3796, whereas Moist woina Dega and Moist Llega' Climates share 29.48% and
10.26% respectively. Wurch and Dry woina Dega agro Climates account 0.45 and percent
respectively. A. MOIST OR DEGGA CLIMATE.

This type of climate is found in east central and south western part of Uba Debretsay and Eastern part of
Melokoza woreda. Moist dega climate shares 10 percent of the total land area. B. MOIST / WOYINA
DEGA/CLIMATE Moist woina Dega climate accounts 29 percent of the total land area of Gamo Gofa Zone. This
type of climate is found in west centra1, south central and east central part of Gamo Gofa zone.

Here its mean annual temperature and rain fall, mean rainfall and temprature
C) Dry /kola/ climate
This type of climate is found in eastern tip of Arbaminch zuria woreda as well as Southern tip of
Kemba and Bonlcie woredas, Dry kola climate shares 8 percent from the Total land area of Gamo
Gofa zone.

D) Wurch climate
Wurch climate accounts 0.45 percent of the zone. This climate type is found in east Central and southwestern part
of Uba Debretsay woreda. F, Temperature As it is listed on the table above, Gamo Gofa zone experiences the
mean annual Temperature ranging from 801 to 1600°c, as compared it with other zones of southern Region. G,
Rainfall distribution. Most part of Melokoza woreda gets the highest rainfall ranging from 16Olto 1800mm
annually. On the other hand, eastern half of Arbaminch zuria woreda and southern part of Kemba & Bonkie
woredas receive low rainfall that ranges from 801-1000rnrn. Most part (3/4) of the total land area of zone receive
rainfall that range from 1401-1600mm. Generally the rainfall in the zone increases from west to east.
Climatic condition of Arba Minch City
Tentative Requirements
ART SPACES Area
 Drawing Studio 80 sq.meters
 Painting Studio. 90 sq.meters
 Printmaking Studio. 90 sq.meters
 Sculpture Studio 100 sq.meters
 Photography Room. 90 sq.meters
 Woodworking Space 75 sq.meters
 18 Individual Studios. 12 sq.meters each
 Storage 275 sq.meters

MUSIC SPACES
 Choir Room 90 sq.meters
 Band Room 185 sq.meters
 10 Music Practice Rooms 92 sq.meters each
 Recital Space 325 sq.meters
 Technical Space 55 sq.meters
 Lab Space 55 sq.meters
 Instrument Storage 55 sq.meters

THEATRE SPACES
 Performance Space 695 sq.meters
 Rehearsal/Dance Studio 92 sq.meters
 Wood Shop 140 sq.meters
 Costume Shop 74 sq.meters
 Backstage Green Room 74 sq.meters
 Dressing & Makeup 74 sq.meters
 Scene Storage 92 sq.meters
 Costume Storage 55 sq.meters
 Film Lab 65 sq.meters
 Technical Spaces 37 sq.meters
 Film Lab Space 46 sq.meters

OTHER SPACES
 Lobby Space 550 sq.meters
 Restrooms 230sq.meters
 Art Gallery 92 sq.meters
 Restaurant Space 370 sq.meters
 Rooftop Bar 90 sq.meters
 Art Supplies Store 325 sq.meters
 Administrative Space 82 sq.meters
 Sculpture Garden 275 sq.meters
 Outdoor Performance Space 182 sq.meters
 Circulation and parking 950 sq.meters
.
LITRATURE
REVIEW
What is ART?

• ART is the history of an activity or product made by humans in a visual form of aesthetical or
communicative purposes expressing ideas, emotions or in general a worldwide.

• An art is something that is created with imagination and skill and that expresses important ideas and
feelings

HISTORY OF ART

Ancient art begins for the older literature cultures. The very earliest human art crafts showing
evidence of workmanship with an artistic purpose are the subject of some debate it is clear that such
work man ship existed by 40,000 years ago in upper Paleolithic era.
The history of art dated as human being history. There was art in every era

Historical back ground of center of art

In Britain modern art centers began after World War II and gradually changed from mainly middle
class places to 1960 & 70s

Trendy, alternative centers and eventually in the 1980s to serving the whole community with a program
of enabling access to wheel chair users and disabled individuals and groups.

In the rest of Europe it is common among most art centers that they are partly government funded.
Since, they are considered to have positive influence on society and economics according to the hire
land philosophy. A lot of those organizations originally started in the 1970s, 1980 and 1990s as
squaring spaces and were later legalized.

Now days there are lots of art centers around the world. In USA there are 15 art center in different
states, in Europe 20 art centers in 5 countries, in middle east there is 1 art center which is found in
Israel, in Asia there are 8 art centers in 5 countries also in Africa there is no art center.

About Ethiopian Art

The advent of Christianity in the fourth century begging of traditional religious painting Christian
art mostly in church ,it was founded in the form of painting ,cross, icons and illustrated manuscript
At the height of its stylistic perfection. Ethiopian art renounced the illusion of volumes depth and
perspective. The paintings were conceptual and composed of a serious of image signs according to
spiritual consideration. By the 20th century Ethiopian artists began to deal with other topics and
themes .the establishment of Addis Ababa university Alle school of fine arts and design in 1958 was a
 milestone in the development of not only Ethiopian contemporary art but provided flexibility for the
exploration of and study of Ethiopian art history and reflecting art education by creating critical plat
forms for local as well as international creative thought.

What is ART CENTER?

An art center is a functional community center with specific remit to encourage arts practice and to
provide facilities such as theatre space, gallery space, locations for musical performance work shop areas
the educational facilities technical equipment's etc.

FINE ART

Is art developed primarily for aesthetics or beauty, distinguishing it from applied art that also has to
serve some practical function
Historically, the five main fine arts were painting, sculpture, architecture, music and poetry. Today, the
fine arts commonly include additional forms, such as film, photography, video production/editing,
design, sequential art, conceptual art and print making.

PAINTING

Is the practice of applying paint, pigment, color or other medium to a solid surface (support base). The
medium is commonly applied to the base with a brush but other implements, such as knives, sponges, and
airbrushes can be used. Painting is a mode of creative expression, and the forms are numerous

Music
Vocal or instrumental sounds or both combined in such a way as to produce beauty of form, harmony,
and expression of emotion
Sketching

Is a rapidly executed freehand drawing that is not usually intended as a finished work. A sketch may
serve a number of purposes. It might record something that the artist sees, it might record or develop
an idea for later use or it might be used as a quick way of graphically demonstrating an image, idea or
principle

Sculpture
Is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions? It is one of the plastic arts. Durable
sculptural processes originally used carving and modeling in stone, metal, ceramics, wood and other
materials.

Photography
Are the science, art, application and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other
electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor or chemically by means of
light sensitive material such as photo graphic film.
 Fashion design

The art of application of designed and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories

is influenced by cultural and social attitude, and has varied over time and place. Fashion designers work
in a number of ways in designing clothing and such as bracelets and necklace accessories

Pottery

Refers to the art or craft of a pottery or the manufacturer of pottery.

BASKETRY

Is the process of weaving or sewing pliable (flexible) material.

CONSIDERATION OF CENTER OF ART

A. Natural and artificial lighting

 Sunlight enhances color and shape, and helps to make a room bright and cheerful. Wherever possible,
spaces to be occupied by students, visitors or staff should have natural daylight with an outside view.

The harmful effects of solar glare and heat gain can be dealt with by architectural detailing of window
shape and depth of reveals, as well as by installing external and internal blinds and curtains. Treatment
to the glass such as coatings may also reduce the effects of overheating and glare.

Artificial lighting, as well as providing levels of illumination to suit particular activities, can make an
important contribution to interior design. Designers should develop a lighting scheme

B. Accessibility

Safely and easily accessible – by foot, bicycle, car, taxi, and public transport

 It should be well planned with the entire necessary infrastructure. It should be well lit and
ventilated with as much use of natural light and ventilation as possible. Entrance should be
well-lit and ventilated

 The doorway leading to the entrance should also have a ramp facilitating easy access for
disabled

 Location should be considered including opportunities for external signs and posters, and
other visual displays

REQUIREMNTS

 Studios  Performing area (gallery)

 Theater  Training centers
 Amphitheatre  Public gathering units
 Music facilities  Cafeterias
 Store  Parking
 Auction hall  Administration
 Sculpture gallery and workshop  Exhibition space
 Art boutiques and crafts/gift shop  Library (reading room) etc.

ROOM AND AREA REQUIREMENTS

Center of art can be divided into two general classifications depending upon their function: those used
for instructional activities end those serving in an auxiliary capacity such as storage areas,
workrooms, and offices. Additional Facilities /Washroom and Toilet Facilities. Because the music
suite is frequently used at night when the remainder of the building is locked, washroom, toilet
facilities, and custodial work areas must be provided within the music unit.

• In many instances they may be necessary for the changing of uniforms and must be convenient
to the rest of the department. These facilities require about 15 percent of the total floor space if
adequate room is to be provided. If recitals to which the public is invited are given within the
music unit, additional rest room space may be needed.

Lounge

Collegiate music departments may need to consider the desirability of a lounge in which students can
relax. If other study areas on the campus are at some distance from the music facilities, one portion of
the lounge might provide desk or table space.

Elevator

Because of the heavy instruments and equipment which it is frequently necessary to move in a music
department, an elevator is a most desirable feature in a building of two or more floors. Also
recommended is a loading dock adjacent to the parking area

Multipurpose Hall

should be designed so that the activities can be maintained and operated with a minimum of time and
labor consumed in the preparation of an event. In schools, this area is being designed for education, not
commercial purposes

• Stage
The stage is considered first because it is the part of the hall most frequently abused by
the designers. The proscenium ;( the wall that separate the stage from the audition in a modern
theater ) dependent upon several factors- • the size of the hall,

• the playing area of the stage,

• the height of the stage loft or grid,

• the size of the community using the hall, and the seating capacity of the hall For general purposes
 • The proscenium (the wall that separate the stage from the audition in a modern theater) should not
exceed 65 or 70 ft. in width and the height of the auditorium should be in practical or artistic
proportion to the width. This height is an important factor that will determine the location of the
grid. The grid will be the subject of a separate discussion. All of these items are interrelated, and
the architect must consider all of them and their interrelationships

Doors
all doors entering on a stage must be of sufficient height and width to provide ready access to the
stage. This is especially true of the scenery doors. They must be high enough to accommodate wide
stage wagons, large instruments, and permit (if necessary) entrance of motor vehicles The door for
scenery should be at least 8 ft. wide and 14 ft. tell, and all other
doors leading to and from the stage should be unusually wide double doors

Photography Room
A special room can be provided and equipped as a darkroom. Ventilation should be provided
through the use of lightproof ventilators Hot and cold running water, special light plugs both wall
and base-and photographic sinks for developing and washing prints should also be provided A
mixer is desirable to accurately control the water temperature. A filter should also be provided if
the water quality is not good. Doors should be lightproof.

DISPLAY AREA

Thematic and changing displays of selected objects and documents from the collections arranged to
tell a story

RESTURANT SPACE REQUIRMENT

• calculate the area requirements in terms of;

• volume & type of service
• amount & size of equipment to be used
• number of workers required
• space for needed supplies
• suitable traffic are
 DESIGN CRAITERIA
Interior design has to satisfy a number of requirements both functional & aesthetic.
• FUNCTION:-operation ,efficiency ,well arranged, healthy,
Durability, maintenance.
• AMBIENCE:-luxurious ,romantic, lively

RESTURANT TYPE & SPACE ALLOWANCE

TRADITIONAL RESTURANT
• 1.3-1.9m²/person
• The table should be arranged with generous spacing & seating.

CARVERY RESTURANT
• 1,6m²/person
• including space for carving table
• all activities is done in the main kitchen. Like preparation, cooking & wash up.

SPECIAL RESTURANT
• 2.0m²/person
• Special decoration effect & furnishing are required to reflect dinning theme.
• There may be display cooking, grill, dance floor & bar.

PLANNING FACTOR
• Public access must look inviting & be separate from service access & west disposal.
• The exterior appearance should communicate clearly, with signs, lighting & menu displays.
• from the outside people should be able to view the interior seating, style & furniture
• The interior should create a good impression & a suitable atmosphere. this should be related to;
 Seating
 Furnishing Decoration
 Lighting
 Noise level & toilet facilities.

SPACE IN RESTURANT
DINNING AREA:-
• A room in w/h meals are served & eaten.
• Space for dining area is usually based on the nº of sq ft /person seated × nº of person seated at one
time.

SPACE REQUIRMENT:-
• The client size, the type & quality of service should be considered.
• The space required differs for adults & children.
 For child 0.7m²
 For adult 1.1m²
• Width & length of the room, table & chair size & seating arrangement affect the capacity of dining
room.
• Small tables such as 1.5m²-1.9m²are economical for seating.
• Table’s w/h has common width & height should be fated together. This will give flexibility in
sitting arrangement.
• Tables w/h are longer 1.2m are difficult for waiters to serve.
• A lunch counter will have a minimum width of 0.4m & a maximum width of
 0.6m-0.7m /seat.
• U shaped counter make a maximum use of space & reduce travel.
• for linear counters we will need a depth of 2.5m-3.3m this will provide 0.9m1.2m public aisle.
• A minimum passage area is 0.4m .between chairs & including chair area table should be spaced
1.2m-1.5m apart.

NUMBER OF PERSON ALLOWANCE

.
• The nº of person to be seated at one time is the 2nd point of information needed for calculation of
the dining room size.
• Entrance to these rooms should not require passage through the main dining room.

KITCHEN
• A space within dwelling or establishment where food is prepared & cooked.
• Should be well located internally with respect to the store, dining room& utility room.
• Kitchen equipment is usually planned for 7 years of usage.
• Kitchen & preparation area will equal about 50℅ of the dinning space.

FACTOR AFFECTING IN SPACE REQUIRMENT

• type of preparation & service
• amount of total production done in the unit
• number meals served
• variety of food in menu
• elaborateness of preparation & service
• amount of individual serving area
• seating & serving plan
• The location of entrance & exits for a good flow of traffic.
• the minimum width for alone between equipment where one person works alone is 0.9m-1m.but
mobile equipment is used 1.2m-1.3m are recommended. about 30℅ of kitchen floor is occupied
by equipment, 10-20℅ by table & chairs & 50℅ for circulation.

PREPARATION
• Using fresh ingredient partially or fully prepared food.

STORAGE
• A room or space in a building in w/h objects, implements, goods, etc. are stored not in use.
• When we design store we should consider the volume & types of items store.
• Shelves should allow about 50mm b/n & above packages for easy access.
• The shelf should not be higher than 1.8m & the lowest should be at least 0.2m above floor.
• Shelves for heavy & frequently used items are best b/n 0.7-1.5m high.
• Fixed shelving will be best.
• Space separate for vegetables’ /fruit, dry goods, chilled & frozen food. the area of storage can be
calculated by the nº of people served e.g. if 1000 are served then we need 500 sq. ft.
• a store room aisle may be as narrow as 0.9m but 1m or 1.2m preferable

REFRIGERATED & LOW TEMPRATURE STORE

• We can get the area of store by the quantity stored at one time. Store also
Varies by type of items stored. From the store area:-
 20 to 35 % for meat.
 30 to 35 % for vegetables.
 20 to 25 % for dairy produces.
 10 to 25 % for frozen food.
 5 to 10 % for carryover food

DISH WASHING AREA:-

• The space requirement depends on the method & type of equipment used.
There must be adequate room to receive solid dishes.
• The dimension may be 0.7-0.9m for single tank machine 1.5-1.8m for sink or
2.1to over 9.1m.
• The free work aisle b/n the sink & other equipment should be 1.2m wide.

EMPLOYEE FACILITES

• Include locker & lounge area, toilet, shower, hand basins, dining room.
• Entrance should be located clearly.

LOCKER & LOUNGE AREA

• Is space here employees properties will be put or placed? There are individual lockers or common
cupboard.
• The depth from front to back should be minimum of 0.5m.

TOILET & SHOWER

• Should be separated from food area by hall way or double entrance. Provide 1 wash bowl for 8-10
workers.
• one toilet stool for 12-15 women
• one urinal & toilet every 15 men

SHOWER
• The type of employee, type of climate & condition of work will influence the need of shower.

CHASHIER
• Should be located the right hand of the door. This will help to avoid cross traffic.

FURNITURE

LIGHT
• A good level of natural light is preferred.
• Where the mechanical ventilation is provided, windows are to be non - open able. Except for
cleaning.
• Artificial lighting should be uniformly distributed 400-500 lux in kitchen .200 lux in store &
corridor.
 Fig. 2: Directional lighting for the
wall, diffuse lighting for
room
the

Fig. 3: Supplementary directional

lighting for objects in the room
2

Fig. 4: Indirect and direct

components produce diffuse and
directional lighting respectively

Fig. 5: Solely directional light

3
VENTILATION
• Need sufficient ventilation to remove steam, heat, oil & other fumes.
• Condensation must be avoided.

SOUND REDUCTION
• Walling between kitchen & eating areas should be insulated .a lobby may be needed
• Sound absorbing surface can be use full to reduce back ground noise.

Rest room
Activities include
• washing of hands, face, and hair, bathing, elimination, and grooming, And also such activities as
hand laundering often it are also used as a dressing room.
Major problems in bathroom design include
• Adequate provision for storage of supplies and equipment, and ease of cleaning.
• Lack of consideration for disabled (physically disabled, handicapped, blind) old peoples and
children’s accessibility.

Facilities required are:

• washbasin (a bowl that is fixed to the wall in a bathroom or near a toilet, in which you wash your
hands, face, etc. and which has pipes to supply and carry away water )
• bidet (a small low bath in which a person washes their bottom and sex organs )
• flush ( the handle or button which you push to make a toilet empty and fill with water)
• towel rail (a horizontal bar on the wall, or a frame with a horizontal bar, used to hang towels on )
• water closet suites, urinals
Possible additional requirements:

 The entry to any public toilet must be screened to ensure privacy. in some areas, the law
requires a couch or lounge in public rest rooms for ladies.
Normally occur simultaneously.
 Separate toilets will be needed for men, women and disabled people. there may also be a need
for smaller toilets for little children.

Public toilet rooms for the handicapped

Toilet stalls (a small area of a room which is separated from the main part of the room by walls or
curtains.)

A1.5 x 1.5m stall is usable by most people and has the following requirements.
1. Stall must be 1. 5 x 1.5 m2
2. WC center line is 0.45m in from side wall
3. 0.8 m doors diagonally opposite WC
4. Handrail extends 0.45m in front of WC 3.5cm, 3.5cm from wall 0.35m above seat
5. Standard partition to clearance
Standards related to disables accessibility

the principal disabilities of concern to the architect are those that mean the person has to use a
wheelchair

for most or all of the time. that person is handicapped by this in two significant ways: first, the eyes and
arms are permanently at sitting rather than standing level, and second, the wheelchair itself takes up to
five times the space needed by an ambulant person.
 Parking
All parking facilities should seek to meet the following basic criteria:

Functional requirements

• the size, height, and turning radius of current automobiles as well as past and future trends of
automobile size and statistical quantity must be taken into account these are called parking
geometries.
• The entrances and exits are very important to the smooth functioning of the facility, with the type
of use again determining the length from the opening and placement of the entry booths, as well
as the quantity of entrances and exits.
• The type of equipment and the necessity of a booth and office are also determined by the facility
use.
 • Zoning issues require the number of spaces for parked automobiles. The designer must work
within local codes to meet these requirements.
• Provide an area or room for the storage and maintenance issues. This area should be heated/air-
conditioned and contain a mop sink.

• Locate accessible parking as close as possible to the shortest accessible path of travel to
buildings. see current codes for quantities.
• Avoid creating irregular shaped parking areas. good internal circulation is more important than
squeezing in a few extra parking spaces.
• Run pedestrian circulation parallel to the parking bays to decrease pedestrian traffic across
vehicle lanes.
• Eliminate or minimize pedestrian and vehicle cross traffic. avoid crossing driveways.
• for safe and efficient movement, separate each different type of circulation

Parking lots
1

Cycle parking
This should be located as close to destinations as possible without interfering with
pedestrian traffic; and where visual supervision, lighting and shelter from inclement
weather can be achieved. it is essential to provide facilities for securely locking the bicycle
frame and the front wheel to something immoveable. space requirement standards `
figure-an arrangement in an angle
between two walls figure-basic Sheffield

Parking stand.

Figure.it is important that arrays of Sheffield stands make best use of space. Attempts at closer spacing
than shown will not succeed due to blocking of some positions by carelessly parked cycles.
Figure 2.1 ramp slopes. (Transitions are required only if ramp slope exceeds 10 percent)

Ramp slopes; the maximum ramp slope should be 20 percent. for slopes over 10 percent, a
transition at least 8 ft. long should be provided at each end of the ramp at one-half the slope of
the ramp itself.
In addition, a ramped driveway exit rising up to a public sidewalk must have a transition section that is
almost level (maximum slope: 5 percent) before intersecting the sidewalk to prevent the hood of the
car from obscuring the driver's view of pedestrians on the walk. This transition should be 16 ft. long.
 MUSIC FACILITIES

Music facilities can be divided into two general classifications depending upon their
function : those used for instructional activities end those serving in an auxiliary
capacity such as storage areas, workrooms, and offices . A typical large music facility
for an institution of higher education will require a wide variety of rooms and work
areas . The needs of elementary and secondary schools will probably be somewhat less
but will incorporate many of these functional areas .
1. Instructional areas
Rehearsal halls
Practice rooms
Class piano rooms
Regular classrooms
Listening facilities
Studios
Recital hall
Combinations
2. Auxiliary areas
Storage areas
Music library
Work rooms
Broadcast control booth
Additional facilities
Rehearsal Halls-Combined Vocal-Instrumental Facilities

Let it be said at the outset that acoustically, one room cannot serve for both vocal and
instrumental rehearsals with completely satisfactory results . Some communities,
however, find it economically unsound to provide space for both instrumental and vocal
groups while employing only one teacher . It is therefore expedient to consider space
for the combined vocal instrumental situations . Provisions for changing the
reverberation characteristics of such a room with drapes or other materials are a
possibility .
Class Piano Rooms
There should be acoustical treatment of the walls and ceilings, and insulation against
sound transmission to and from other classrooms as prescribed by the acoustical
consultant.

The front wall should be equipped with blackboard (plain and with music staves),
bulletin board space, music cabinet, and electrical outlets . Space should be provided
fortelevision, phonograph, and recording facilities.
.
.
 Display area Thematic and changing displays of selected objects and documents from the collections
arranged to tell a story.

GENERAL Planning:- the relationships between functions are common to all art galleries.
Collection item movements in the operation of collection services, but note that not every operation
necessarily requires a separate space, and some services may be provided by outside agencies.

Layouts for an art gallery which interpretive exhibitions and educational programs are performed
are central to its operation.

GALLERY DESIGN

* The average visitor, if a man, is about 5 ft. 91/4 in tall, and his eye level is 5 ft.
43/4 in; the average woman is about 5 ft. 31/4 in tall, and her eye level is 4 ft. 11 3/4 in. Thus, the mean
adult eye-level height is about 5 ft. 21/4 in. With little eye movement, people usually see and recognize
with ease things that are within an approximately elliptical cone of vision, with the apex of the cone at
the eye-level height.

*adult visitor observes an area only a little over 1 ft. above his own eye level to 3 ft.

QUALITATIVE

Arranging objects and labels above and below these limits places a strain on seldom-used muscles and
produces aching backs, tired feet, burning eyes, and stiff necks.

Some quite large objects, will inevitably soar above these viewing limits, and, in this event, the visitor
must be permitted space to back far enough away from the object
CASE -
STUDIES
 Songwon art center
Location; soul, korea
Architects in charge; Minsuk cho, Kisu park
Project year 2012

The project convinced the jury by its capacity to fill the notion of the art gallery
with new life and contemporary meaning. It reevaluates and displaces the abstract
ideal of the white cube art space according to the specific conditions of its urban
context as well as contemporary concepts of curating burying half of its volume in
the ground the project manages to keep the scale and character of the context with
its mostly two story buildings.
Dramatically sitting on an inclined corner site and un usual materialization, the
building does not give away its programmatic identity too easily, but cultivates
an air of estrangement about it which may well help to anchor it safely in its
community.
This building is three floors below ground level and two floors above. The bottom
two floors are used as an exhibition space, the semi underground B1 level as
parking, and the top two floor house a commercial restaurant and other social
function

Sejong Art Center

Architects: DMP Partners (designcamp moonpark) - Seunghong Park, Hokeun Oh
Location: Naseong-dong, Seoul, South Korea
Project Architect: Seungchul Han, Sehwan Park
Project Manager: Jongin Park
Project Team: Hyekyung Ju, HanJin Yoon, Sungwoo Moon, Junghyuk Seo,
Sanghwan Jung, Junghwa Lee, Seungheon Kim, Minkyung Kim, Jinho Kim
Acoustics: ad&c Structural Engineer: I’ST
Mechanical Engineer: HIMEC
Electricity / Telecommunication: Jung Woo Eng.
Civil Engineer: Daekyo E&C CG: 201 studio
Editorial Design: Godo Design
Architectural Model: Daerim
Total Floor Area: 15,360m2 (Gross)
Site Area: 43,493 m2
Date: December 2012 – March 2013

Designed by DMP
Partners, their
winning proposal
for the
Sejong
Art Center
(SAC) is
composed
of two
theaters, a
main
theater
with more than 800 seats,
a medium sized theater
with 300 seats, a film
theater with 250 seats, and
an art gallery. Located in
the international cultural area between nature-scape and urban-scape, the building
combines nature and city through its straight, linear shape. This form is applied in
accordance with the city and its curvature shape is in accordance with nature to
create a comfortable feeling. More images and architects’ description after the
break.
The building is designed for various
performing arts such as musical, ballet,
dancing and etc. The grand hall and two
theaters are facing to the central park
and there is open space of magnificent
energy people can feel. It is originated
from the nature (Central Park, Geum-
gang (river) and Guewha-san
(mountain)), and transforms into
performing arts when it meets the
urban.

The main theater of Sejong Art Center provides best sound quality to the audience
by using SAR(Source Selective Absorption & Reflection) Structure wall and which
is able to hold the performing arts wide range from normal type such as musical,
opera and contemporary music to cross over performance.

Urban +Plaza-scape
 Avenue Park, located in the
north area, Public square
‘Arrival plaza’ and cinema
located in south area, is the
most important place in city.
There is open space to have
fine view to the sky and
landscape, where is joined end
point of city and starting point
of nature. Café is a part of the
plaza and the resting space
under the roof shadow.

Architecture-scape
there is Main entrance at the end of the passage between two theaters and visitors
have open view to the central park. After entering into the SAC, visitors arrive
Grand hall in-between halls of two theaters, which is connected with outdoor space
through entrance and parking space on B1 level. Grand hall, Grand step and Hall of
Main Theater are public space for citizens holding small event even though there is
no performance.
Theater-scape
A three dimensional wall design gives best quality for sound and aesthetic.
Specially, an amplified case, which needs large power speaker, that acoustic
drapery and acoustic trap control reflected sound. Also lighting fixture and many
type of equipments hidden inside of wall to make beauty and tidy.
Ground-scape, Public-scape
The space where is connecting theatre to waterside going to be meaningful place for
Sejong city. This place will be very last place for public journey, where is started
from public square and cinema to move through history park and public space. This
journey is for everyone who comes to visit to sejong art center.

Civic-scape
The grand hall and two theaters
are facing to the central park
and there is open space of
magnificent energy people can
feel. It is originated from the
nature (Central Park, Geum-
gang (river) and Guewha-san
(mountain)), and transforms
into performing arts when it
meets the urban.
CONCEPTUAL APPROACH

PLANS
SECTION
 Local Case study
Zoma Contemporary Art Center
The Zoma Contemporary Art Center (ZCAC) is an environmentally conscious
artist-in-residency project with locations in Addis Ababa and Harla, a historical
village near Dire Dawa in Ethiopia.

The idea for the project, which was developed by the artist Elias Sime, was first
introduced to the public in 2002 during the art happening “Giziawi #1” in Addis
Ababa. The focus of ZCAC’s work is the promotion of multidisciplinary
contemporary art, international exchange between artists, and the conception and
implementation of sustainable, innovative, and environmentally conscious art
projects. With its residency programs designed around different themes
(architecture, landscape design, art,
documentary film, and
education), ZCAC provides
Ethiopian and international artists
the opportunity to live in
harmony with nature, develop new
forms of artistic expression,
experiment with new
techniques and materials, and to find
alternative, artistic, and
creative solutions to current
environmental problems.
Another important component of
ZCAC’s activities is the establishment of an ongoing educational program with
international partner institutions. Since 2002, the center has been regularly hosting
educational events, such as workshops at the School of Fine Arts with renowned
artists such as David Hammons from New York and Ernesto Novelo from Mexico.
With the support of Alliance éthio-française and the British Council, ZCAC has
also collaborated with the International Association of Art Critics.

NIDFETIBEB, Addis Ababa UNIVERSITY; ALLE

SCHOOL OF FINE ART AND DESIGN
Studies in Design at Addis Ababa University began at The Addis Ababa School of

Fine Arts when it was founded in 1957 by 1993, its Design Department developed
the vision to expand and include Industrial Design, Fashion Design, Visual
Communications and other Design Programs. Since the integration of The School
of Fine Arts School into the Addis Ababa University, the Department upgraded its
status to Degree level and a new department resulted. The art exhibition space for
art and sculptures ; which is an open hall .
Design Education at the Alle School of Fine Arts and Design (ASFAD) is intended
to include Fashion Design, Industrial design, and Graphic Design (visual
communications), which used to be given as supplementary courses starting from
1957/58 while Addis Ababa School of Fine Arts and Design was in its foundation.
The assimilation of the Industrial Design Department into the Fine Arts School of
Addis Ababa goes to the first years of its foundation of the School in 1993. Despite
some interrupted years, the basic and general outline of the design course had been
implemented and exercised by all
department students of the
School from Year II to IV and lately
from Year I to III. Having the
vision that the department
would expand to include
Industrial design, Fashion
design, Graphic design, and other
design programs, it has been
found that having a broader
department title will be
beneficial to the growth and
development of the
Department and its Programs. And since the Design Department is currently in its
growing phases, all disciplines within are to be organized as Programs of Study
until such a time when they have matured into specified Departments, with
competence and skill gained among the administration, faculty, student body, and
facilities to support the Departmental work.
 The Design Department at ASFAD currently awards a Bachelor of Fine Arts in
Design Degree. The BFA in Design consists of a four year program course
load in the selected Design discipline and a Senior Thesis.

Facilities
•The school has
more than 24 studio spaces, two lecture rooms, a well- furnished and well
equipped auditorium space that can accommodate up to 120 people.
• It also has good lighting and sound system and major presentation materials.
There is a wood and metal work shop equipped with major work shop material

• The school has also managed to develop a digital Fabrication Laboratory( Fab
Lab). The fab lab studio and workshop has fully been equipped with high tech
materials and has already started to function mainly for three major institution
under the Addis Ababa university ,Alle school of fine art and design, institute
of technology and architecture campus
• The center is intended to support the film program activates as un input to
serve each department and center under the school, especially for students
graduation year project, research and documentation activities, provision of
short training for six months or one year under a certificate program in
multimedia and digital effects for students in the university and interested
professional individuals from outside the institution.
 REFERENCES
1. Wikipedia, free encyclopedia
2. https://www.archdaily.com
3. https://www.archmarathon.com
4. https://www.slideshare.com
5. Time savor
6. Nuefert
7. Metric hand book

FOR THE LOCAL INFORMATION

ARBA MINCH CITY MUNICIPALITY