NCM 22106 PHARMACOLOGY

ACTIVITY 2
DRUG STUDY
CARDIAC DRUGS

DRUG NAME DRUG MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATIO ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

CLASSIFICATION ACTION N REACTIONS
Generic Name - Acebutolol is a - Acebutolol is - is used to  is contraindicated in: Very low blood Before
ACEBUTOLO cardio a selective treat high 1) persistently severe  Monitor BP and cardiac status
pressure.
L selective beta- β1-receptor blood bradycardia throughout therapy. Observe for
blocker used antagonist. pressure 2) second- and third- Symptoms and report marked bradycardia or
in the Activation of is in a class degree heart block include: hypotension, especially when
treatment of β1-receptors of 3) overt cardiac failure patient is also receiving a
Brand Name hypertension, by medications 4) cardiogenic shock  severe catecholamine-depleting drug (e.g.,
SECTRAL angina epinephrine called beta reserpine).
dizziness
pectoris and increases the blockers. It
cardiac heart rate works by  lightheadedness
arrhythmias. and the blood relaxing
 fainting
pressure, and blood During
the heart vessels and  Assess heart rate, ECG, and heart
consumes slowing Very slow heart
sounds, especially during exercise
more oxygen. heart rate to rate. Symptoms  Report any rhythm disturbances or
Acebutolol improve include: symptoms of increased
blocks these blood flow arrhythmias, including palpitations,
receptors, and chest pain, shortness of breath,

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lowering the decrease fainting, and fatigue/weakness.
heart rate blood  tiredness  Assess routinely for signs of CHF
and blood pressure. and pulmonary edema such as
pressure.  severe dyspnea, rales/crackles, weight
This drug dizziness gain, peripheral edema, and jugular
then has the venous distention. Report these
reverse effect  lightheadedness signs to the physician immediately
of  fainting  Assess blood pressure periodically,
epinephrine. and compare to normal values to
In addition, help document antihypertensive
Poor circulation.
beta blockers effects.
prevent the Symptoms
release of include: After
renin, which  cold or blue
is a hormone fingers or toes  Assess exercise tolerance and
produced by episodes of angina pectoris.
Erectile
the kidneys Document improvements in these
which leads dysfunction.
variables, but also report any
to Symptoms decline in exercise tolerance or
constriction include: increased frequency/severity of
of blood  being unable to anginal attacks.
vessels.  Assess symptoms of
get or keep an
bronchospasm (wheezing,
erection
coughing, tightness in chest).
o Depression Perform pulmonary function tests to
o Pain when quantify suspected changes in
ventilation and respiration

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 urinating  Monitor signs of peripheral
vasoconstriction, such as extreme
coldness in the hands and feet,
Liver damage.
cyanosis, and muscle cramping.
Symptoms Notify physician of severe or
include: prolonged signs of vasoconstriction.
 Lab tests: Monitor for drug-induced
 nausea positive ANA titer during long-term
 loss of appetite therapy, especially in women and
older adults; periodic CBC with
 dark-colored
long-term therapy.
urine
 tiredness

DRUG DRUG MECHANISM OF INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES

NAME CLASSIFICATION ACTION REACTIONS

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Generic - Antidysrhythmics  Quinidine acts  For the  Hypersensitivity to  severe dizziness Before
Name on sodium treatment of lidocaine or amide-  fainting  Assess patient’s apical rate
QUINIDINE channels on ventricular type local anesthetic  sudden change in and rhythm before
the neuronal pre-  Adams-Stokes heartbeat administering an
cell excitation syndrome, (faster/slower/mor antiarrythmic.
membrane, and cardiac SA/AV/intraventricula e irregular)
Brand limiting the dysrhythmia r heart block in the During
Name spread of s absence of an  Monitor the cardiac rate and
NUEDEXTA seizure artificial pacemaker rhythm continuously when
activity and  CHF, cardiogenic therapy starts or any time
reducing shock, 2nd and 3rd- the dosage is adjusted
seizure degree heart block (if  Check vital signs frequently
propagation. no pacemaker is  Take safety precautions
 The present), Wolff- regarding adverse CNS
antiarrhythmic Parkinson-White reactions
actions are Syndrome
mediated After
through
effects on  Warn the patient to avoid
sodium driving or hazardous
channels in activities until the drug
Purkinje effects are known.
fibers.  Advise to limit fluid and salt
 Quinidine may intake if drug causes fluid
also act on retention
the slow
inward

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calcium
current (ICa),
the rapid (IKr)
and slow (IKs)
components
of the delayed
potassium
rectifier
current, the
inward
potassium
rectifier
current (IKI),
the ATP-
sensitive
potassium
channel
(IKATP) and
Ito

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