NCM 106: SELF DIRECTED LEARNING ACTIVITY

Name and Section: John Michael O. Villanueva BSN 2 A

PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR SHOCK

MEDICATION GROUP DRUGS/SOLUTIONS INDICATIONS MECAHNISM OF IMPAORTANT NURSING

Fluid Replacements agents:
Blood and Blood Products
Fluid Replacement agents:
Crystalliod Solution
Fluid replacement agents:
colloid solution
ACTIONS CONSIDEARTIONS(3-5)
Red blood cell Emergent reversal Iron deficiency or 1.Monitor baseline data
transfusion warferin anemia. A condition 2. Keep the I.V line open with
Hereditary when the body does normal saline solution.
angioedema not have enough red 3. Signs and symptoms for
Acute blood cells may nausea,headache,urtiria,
disseminated receive red blood cell dyspnea and broncho spasm.
intravascular transfusion.
coagulapathy
Normal saline Hypernatremia Chemical name for 1.Caution in patients with
shock salt.this medicine can heart failure.
Maintenance reduce some types of 2.Overload resulting in
fluids bacteria. use to clean decrease electrolyte
dehydration out intravenous concentration.
catheter which can 3.Monitor the baseline data
prevent blockage.
Albumin Low blood volume Increase the oncotic 1. Allergic reaction red,
Low blood pressure of the swollen or peeling skin.
pressure intravascular system, 2. Signs of high blood
Low blood pulling fluids from pressure or dizziness
albumin interstitial 3. Fluid and electrolyte
space,decresing problems.
edema and increasing
circulating blood
volume.
Vasoconstriction/vasopressor Norepinephrine
Inotropic Effects
Drugs for anaphylaxis Epinephrine
Alpha adrenergic Nordraline acts on 1.Take the baseline data
action both alpha 1 and 2. Monitor urinary retention
Inotropic alpha 2 receptors to and kidney shut down are
stimultaor of cause vacontriction. possibilities.
heart 3.Monitor chest pain and
Dilator of blurred vision
coronary arteries
Beta adrenergic
action
Dopamine Heart failure Acts through the 1.Obtain health history of
Renal failure symphathetic the patients
Congestive failure nervous system. to 2.Assess the weights
Open heart increase the heart 3.Monitor vital signs
surgery muscle contraction
forec and hearst rate
increase cardiac
output Blood
pressure.
Laryngeal edema Adrenergic alpha- 1.Excessive use may cause
Hypotension Agonist and bronchospasm
Bronchodilators adrenergic beta 2.Monitor chest pain
effects agonist. 3.Assess lung sounds, pulse
Cardiac inotropic and BP.
Chronotopic
effects
PHARMACOTHERAPY FOR FLUID BALANACE, ELECTROLYTE AND ACID BASE DISORDERS

MEDICATION GROUP DRUGS/SOLUTIONS INDICATION MECHANISM OF IMPORTANT NURSING

ACTION CONSIDERATION(3-5)
Electrolytes Sodium chloride High BP Major action of 1. Side effects is nausea and
Liver disease intracellular fluids vomiting.
Congestive heart and functions 2. Monitor for stomach pain.
failure principally in the 3. Take medicine with full
Preeclampsia of control of water glasses of water (8 ounces) of
pregnancy distribution, fluid and water.
electrolyte balance
and osmotic pressure
of the body fluids.
Electrolytes Potassium chloride Kidney disease An electrolyte that is 1. Monitor potassium sparing
Liver disease necessary for multiple 2. Give oral doses with the
Severe cellular metabolic nearest feed.
dehydration processes. Primary 3. Watch IV site for sign of
Diabetes action is intracellular. irritation or phlebitis.
Heart disease
hypokalemia

Acid-base agents Sodium bicarbonate Severe renal Alkanizing agent 1. Assess fluid balance
disease which given IV 2. Asses patient for epigastric
Uncontrolled increase plasma or abdominal pain.
diabetes bicarbonate, buffer 3. Lab test results
Circulatory excess hydrogen ion 4. Assess patient for signs of
insufficiency concentration, raise acidosis.
Severe blood ph and reverse
dehydration the clinical
manifestation of
acidosis.
Electrolytes Ammonium chloride Ammonia toxicity Increase acidity by 1.Monitor the baseline data
Calcium deficient increasing the 2.Lab test results
Hypokalemia amount of hydrogen 3. Monitor side effects for
Hyperchloremia ion concentration. Metabolic acidosis
Ammonium chloride Rash
can be used bronchial EEG abnormalities
mucosa. Seizures
Mental confusion
Irritability
Drowsiness
Injection site reaction