Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems [ICISS 2020]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP20M19-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-7089-3
WiFi and Bluetooth based Smart Stick for
Guiding Blind People
T.S. Aravinth1
1
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering
2020 3rd International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems (ICISS) | 978-1-7281-7089-3/20/$31.00 ©2020 IEEE | DOI: 10.1109/ICISS49785.2020.9316084
1,
Karpagam Academy of Higher Education, Coimbatore
*
aravinth.tsa@gmail.com
ABS TRACT - Basically it is difficult for blind people
to spend their day to day life with their disabilities. To
make their stick smarter some systems interfaced
advanced techniques like gadgets with their walking
stick. This technology makes strolling stick smarter
which has many applications together with on foot
stick indicator in case if they miss the stick through
sound beeping, they might walk utilizing the way of
themselves. If they face any obstacle, they can sense it
by a vibration sensor, and also they can hear the
guide directions in the headset. The camera is used to
detect the obstacle through an ultrasonic sensor
placed on the stick. The captured image is sent to the
microcontroller to identify the type of the object and
then it is intimated as a voice command through the
speaker or via earphones connected with Raspberry
pi. S o that blind can able to identify the object in
front of them, if it is identified that is a human in
their way, they can ask for any help. If there is a large
obstacle like a car, they can be able to walk based on
the object in-front of them. An interfacing GPS is
used to identify the exact location.
1. INTRODUCTION
Blind is someone who has confined with their
vision. They frequently experience hindrances
in their day by day life. The limitations in
vision certainly cause issues in obtaining
information and new encounters happening
around in daily lives. There are various
bearing systems frameworks for outwardly
debilitated voyagers to explore rapidly and
securely against hindrances and different
dangers confronted. Every development has its
own preferences and drawbacks. Presently,
blind people utilize a stick for bearings to
move and walk. Here, a new stick is developed
to serve them with some valuable application
and make it as user-friendly. This technology
makes walking stick smarter which has many
applications together with taking walks to stick
indicator in case if they miss the stick through
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a beep sound, they might walk utilizing the
way of themselves. If they face any obstacle,
they can sense is by a vibration sensor, and
also they can hear the guide directions in the
headset. So this project is to build up an
electronic route framework for outwardly
hindered, that makes utilization of sensors for
obstruction recognition.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
In recent years many new ideas have been
implemented in an electronic stick. The author
Kavitha developed an electronic stick [1], the
fundamental goal of this venture was to build
up a basic direction framework for the visually
impaired clients, utilizing sensors, and to
decide if the visually impaired can moves
securely or not. The primary elements of this
framework are the obvious way sign and
nature acknowledgment. By the use of the
electronic dazzle walking sticks, individuals
may be improved much more upper than 15 to
20 percent travelled pace, lesser minorities
impact, not to lose their direction, then also
increment assurance will assess from the
unaided supplies. The upcoming job
incorporates the establishment of a Global
positioning system framework alongside extra
sensors like accelerometers, PIR movement
identifiers, and advanced compass which tell
the definite area of the client. Johann
Borenstein [2] has presented the Guide Cane, a
novel gadget intended with the use of dazzle or
else outward with disabled voyagers can
involve securable with rapid among
obstructions with variable risks watched with
visually disabled people on foot. The sensor
head is mounted on a steerable however
unpowered two-wheeled guiding pivot. The
client pushes the lightweight Guide Cane in
Between tasks in front of him/herself.
317
Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems [ICISS 2020]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP20M19-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-7089-3
Ultrasonic sensors mounted on the sensor head
recognize deterrents and steer the gadget
around it. The client feels the controlling order
as a truly detectable physical power through
the handle and can pursue the Guide Cane's
way effectively with no cognizant effort. The
sonic burn was the other existing strategy and
which will be a battery worked handheld
gadget essentially works with a transmitted
ultrasound by a forwarded way also accepting
the reflecting sounds of the pillar with the
closest item [3]. The transmitter that is utilized
in this gadget won't meddle with the
neighborhood radio correspondence
framework because of its low power yield.
Progressively over the transporter frequencies
might be appropriately picked from
maintaining a strategically distance to any
obstruction with the nearby radio
correspondence framework. Susumu Tachi,
Kazuo Tanie, Kiyoshi Komoriya, Minoru Abe,
"Electrocutaneous Communication In A Guide
Dog Robot (Meldog)"[4] were proposed a
strategy to manage a visually impaired
individual utilizing the robots as well as the
snag data procured from the sensors of the
robots on the board which passes the obtained
data from the robot to the visually impaired
ace. Sung Jae Kang, Young Ho, Kim, In Hyuk
Moon, has built up a visually impaired stick
[5] and it comprises ultrasound removal
sensors, dual Direct current engines, with
small-scale controllers. It is totally weighted
for 4.0 kilogram, along with the width
combined by the stature on the guide sticks are
24 cm and 85 cm, individually. PC recreations
will be performed so as that discover the hints
of guide sticks in 3 distinct ways utilizing in-
house visual C++ programming. At any rate,
1m width will be required on best possible
administration on guide sticks. The adjustment
preparing on effectively controlled guide
sticks isn't required however the reaction of
the visually impaired is quick. The innovation
and technique talked about in this paper is an
augmentation to the portion of the strategies
referenced above, with extra highlights.
Rashidah Funke Olenrevaju [6] has built up a
mobile stick called iWalk, it is an insightful
strolling stick uniquely intends by outward
crippled peoples from the improvement with
ease routes. This iWalk utilizes the
ultrasonic’s and water sensor which recognize
deterrents with the water. The water sensor
coordinates actuates the unmistakable signal in
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the event, which distinguishes the water. The
framework is accompanied by the remote
Radio frequency control which particularly the
sound buzzer that is being squeezed and also
helps to find stick on and off chance from
which it gets lost. The effectiveness on
proposed of the arrangement which is enough
of the trails of the data set created out of the
random area that has hindrance as well as
water. From the proposed calculation it is
accomplished that general productivity by
90% identification rate is of water as well as
ultrasonic sensors also 85.75% of the RF
remote control.
3. PROPOSED METHOD
In this proposed method, a smart stick for
guiding blind people is designed with more
applications. The system explanation is given
below with the features and design of the
systems.
3.1 Features
3.1.1. Ultrasonic Sensor
The ultrasonic sensors are used for utilization
of classifying and also evaluating applications.
So the gadgets now and again transmit concise
burst in the ultrasonic sounds from an
objective that reflects sound which comes a
return to sensors. To the point that is estimated
from the framework is that the ideals of
opportunities that can be used in reverberation
process which can come towards sensor which
also registers with separating objectives by
utilizing clear speeds which sounded within
the medium.
3.1.2. Raspberry pi
A solitary pc board with a remote network
with the Raspberry pi is employed. It contains
the solitary circuitry boards with the highlights
port that have HDMI, USB 2.0, Composite
video, Analog sound, Power, Internet, SD
Card.
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Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems [ICISS 2020]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP20M19-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-7089-3
3.1.3. Vibration motor
In the vibration motor, it contains two
vibration engines of essential sorts. An
unpredictable turning Mass vibration engine
(ERM) makes utilization of DC engine with
little lopsided mass on it while that pivots and
makes the weight which represents vibrations.
A straight full actuator (LRA) contains a little
inward mass appended to a spring, which
makes power when driven.
3.1.4. Buzzer
The piezo buzzer produces sound dependent
on the invert of the piezoelectric impact. The
bell is a sound flagging gadget that gives a
blare sound as a yield. These ringers can be
utilized to caution a client. They are
additionally utilized in alert circuits.
3.1.5. RF module transmitter
Additionally, a gadget which is computerized
transmits the gain radio alarms among gadget.
The framework installed is usually alluring to
speak with another gadget remotely.
3.1.6. USB Camera
USB-based is connected with a computer, it is
a tiny and user-friendly correlated with
Raspberry Pi which appeared in the
marketplace. It has captured the imagination of
every object around the world. A USB camera
is a small digital camera connected directly or
indirectly to a computer or a computer
network.
3.1.7. GPS
Global Positioning System (GPS) is a tracking
system which is used to find the location. It is
also used for navigation.
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Fig – 1: Block diagram of Smart Stick for
guiding blind people
The above block diagram shows the workflow
of the system. This makes the user comfortable
to operate and user-friendly.
The above block diagram shows, when a blind
person walks on the road by holding this
walking stick when there is an obstacle, it is
being captured using a camera, and that image
is passed to object identifying
microcontroller which gives a warning about
that object through ear pad. Raspberry pi is
embedded with a walking stick at which the
ultrasonic sensor is interfaced with pins. At the
same time, the camera should be connected
with Raspberry pi where both should face in
the same direction on the road. It should be
connected with the network so that the
captured image can be processed for object
detection to intimate which object is an
obstacle at this time. Additionally, the gadget
has an interface of an RF receiver with the
strolling stick. The RF transmitter is held
through the blind person, if they are supposed
to lose their stick or if it fell when they press
the button1 in the transmitter, a beep sound
will come from the walking stick so they can
able to find their walking stick. Similarly, if
they press button2 it will automatically read
our current location. Each command is sent by
pressing the button on the RF transmitter
which is held by them.
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Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Intelligent Sustainable Systems [ICISS 2020]
IEEE Xplore Part Number: CFP20M19-ART; ISBN: 978-1-7281-7089-3

4. CONCLUSION Pedestrians”, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and

In this article, the structure and working
highlights from Smart Sticks is demonstrated,
which is used to guide blind people. This stick
is designed with wifi and Bluetooth to assist
blind people. The advantages of this stick are
easy to use and beneficial for the user. It
intends to deal with the issues looked at by the
apparently hindered individuals in their
ordinary everyday presence.
REFERENCES
[1] Bindhu, V. "An Enhanced Safety System for Auto Mode E-
Vehicles through Mind Wave Feedback." Journal of
Information Technology 2, no. 03 (2020): 144-150.
[2] Johann Borenstein and Iwan Ulrich, “T he Guide Cane- A
Computerized T ravel Aid for T he Active Guidance Of Blind
Automation, Albuquerque, NM, Apr. 21-27, 1997.
[3] Zul Azizi Hailani, Sakinah Jamaludin, “An Electronically
Guided Walking Stick For T he Blind” University T enaga
Nasional, Malaysia.
[4] Susumu T achi, Kazuo T anie, Kiyoshi Komoriya, Minoru
Abe, “Electrocutaneous Communication In A Guide Dog Robot
(Meldog)”,IEEE Transactions on Biomediacal Engineering, 7
July 1985.
[5] Sung Jae Kang, Young Ho, Kim, In Hyuk Moon,
“Development Of An Intelligent Guide-Stick For T he Blind”,
IEEE International Conference on Robotics & Automation
Seoul, Korea, May 21-26,2001.
[6] Rashidah Funke Olanrewaju, Muhammad Luqman Azzaki
Mohd Radzi, Mariam Rehab, “iWalk: Intelligent Walking Stick
for Visually Impaired Subjects”, 4 th IEEE International
Conference on Smart Instrumentation, Measurement and
Application (ICSIMA) 28-30 November 2017, Putrajaya,
Malaysia.

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