Activity 1 What do you know about United Kingdom?

I. Fill in the spaces in the brain storming with the information that you and your
partner discussed.
FILMS: MUSIC:
LAST ROCK
CHRISTMAS AND
ROLL
ACTORS: TOURIST SPOT:
LILY PARLAMENTO
JAMES BRITÁNICO

LENGUAJE: The Food:

ENGLISH United FISH &
CHIPS

II. Write a short report in English about the ideas that you put in the brain storming.
Follow a sequence to inform someone about the UK.

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. It is a sovereign

member state of the European Union and located in northwestern
Europe. Its territory is geographically formed by the island of Great
Britain, the northeast territory of the island of Ireland and small adjacent
islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the country with a land
border, which separates it from the Republic of Ireland. Apart from this
border, it is surrounded to the north and west by the Atlantic Ocean, to
the east by the North Sea, to the south by the English Channel and to
the west by the Irish Sea.

141
Activity 2 Summarizing information about the Celts

I. Write on the line if the sentences are TRUE or FALSE

1. The Celts existed in Britain around 1,000 years before Christ. TRUE

2. FALSE

3. Bronze age is directly related to the Celts. FALSE

4. The Celts were excellent warriors. TRUE

5. The Celts practiced human sacrifices. TRUE

II. Complete the next table with information related to the concepts given about the
Celts. Follow the example.

Concept Description

The Celts came originally from central

Origin of the Celts Europe and settled in Britain, France and

Spain.
Celtic warriors served as mercenaries in
many armies of classical times. The best
known were those who joined Hannibal in his
Celts in battle
invasion of Italy during the Punic War, and
who contributed to his victory at Lake
Trasimeno and Cannas.
The Celts were an ethnolinguistic group from
the tribal societies of the Iron Age and
medieval Europe who spoke Celtic
Physical Description languages and had a similar culture,
although the relationship between ethnic,
linguistic and cultural elements remains
uncertain and controversial.
The Druids were people of the priestly class
in Great Britain, Ireland, Northern Spain,
Druids
Caroline aan de Wiel, "Druids of the word", in
Celtic Culture.

142
 The Celts used a mixed agriculture, with
cattle and crops. The countryside was
Agriculture covered with small farms and villages, with
fortified hilltop settlements that served as
markets, artisan centers, and tribal capitals.
The trisquel, The Tree of Life or Crann
Bethadh, The Claddagh ring, The perennial
Celtic Symbols knot, The Celtic cross, The solar cross, The
awen, The triquetra.

143
Activity 3 Writing about the Roman invasion to Britain

I. Reread the information about The Roman Britain and answer the questions.

1. Why did the Romans decide to invade the Celtic territory?

The Greeks and Romans viewed the Celts as dangerous but vulnerable enemies.
The fury of the Celts in warfare was legendary and their bravery and expert
command of horses were highly admired.

2. Which were the three-different kind of towns that the Roman established in
Britain?

 Britania Secunda, c.296-369, Capital Eboracum (York)

 Britania Secunda, c.369-410, Capital Eboracum (York)
 Maxima Caesariensis, c.296-369, Capital Londinium (Londres)

3. Who was the Roman emperor that conquered Britain?

The honor of the conquest of Britannia would correspond to Emperor Claudius who, in the
year 43 d. C., launched a campaign whose objective was the annexation of the island to
the Roman Empire.

4. Which were the remarkable influences of Romans in Britain?

The Romans invaded Britain by force in AD 43, forcing their advance inland
through various battles against British tribes

5. Why did the Romans leave Britain?

At the end of the 4th and early 5th centuries, the Roman Empire could no longer defend
itself against any internal rebellion or against the external threat posed by the expansion
of the Germanic tribes in northern and eastern Europe.

144
 Activity 4 Writing about the Vikings

I. Reread the information about The Vikings and complete the next concepts in
the boxes.
DRAKKARS: Drakkars
were long, narrow, light
and shallow boats, with
DRAKKARS:
oars for most of the length
of the hull. Later versions
included a single mast with
RELIGION: The asatrú is a rectangular sail that
aRELIGION:
modern recreation of facilitated the work of the
rowers, especially during
the
The pagan tradition
asatrú is a modernthat
long voyages.
prevailed in northern
recreation of the pagan
Europe
tradition thatand
prevailedthat
in
worships
northern Europesuch
gods as
and that APPEARANCE:
APPEARANCE: In the
Odin, Thor, Freyr, etc.
popular imagination all
Vikings were tall, blond, with
very fair skin and blue eyes.
Therefore, it would not be
SKILLS: Experts determine unusual to find Vikings with
that they were able to dark skin, brown hair and
navigate SKILLS:
using different brown eyes, even Vikings of
signals such as whales and non-Norse descent.
the occasional seabird.
When night fell, they used to
be guided by the stars, ORIGIN: Viking (from Old
ORIGIN:
which reveals that they had Norse Vikingr) is the main
extensive knowledge of name given to the
astrology and applied it in Germanic warriors who
their naval incursions into carried out looting raids,
other lands. proven from the Norse
peoples from Scandinavia,
famous for being great
navigators and for carrying
Picture taken from http://www.talkidentity.com
out pillage and attacks in
Europe. Their language
was Old Norse.

145
Activity 5 Reviewing information about ancient civilizations in the United
Kingdom

I. Complete the chart with information about the ancient civilizations that existed in
the UK. Reread the information presented before if necessary.

REMARKABLE IMPORTANT HOW DID THEY

CIVILIZATION AGE ORGANIZATION
FACTS (3) CHARACTERS DISSAPEARED?

* They lived in
walled villages They have been
from where they defeated by the
traded with Germanic tribes to the
Known for their
neighboring The social unit par north and the Dacians
skill as
populations. excellence of the to the east. In the 5th
Siglos VIII y I horsemen, they
* They built Celts was the tribe. century AD all the
a.C. en Europa spoke similar
circular stone In general, each remains of the Celts
Central y languages and
CELTS houses with a tribe structured its have disappeared
Occidental shared many
conical thatched society in a from Britain and
religious and
roof. hierarchical way. Gaul, when Germanic
artistic customs.
* They were invasions followed
renowned warriors the collapse of the
and skilled Roman Empire.
horsemen.
*It was one of the Roman society,
largest empires in like many other
history at the time. ancient societies,
*The Roman arch was based on
*The fall of the
became a inequality. The What ended the
western Roman
(27 a.C. - fundamental aspect classes that Roman Empire was a
empire
ROMANS 476 d.C.) *End of empire of Western distinguished change in climate and
architecture. themselves were smallpox.
*Roman aqueducts five: patricians,
are considered commoners, slaves,
marvels of clients and
engineering. freedmen.
The dominant caste
The event that
They were were the warrior
marks the end of Based on the signs
characterized by commanders of the
his glory days is left by ancient
being great people (hersir),
the death of glaciers, the
800 and 1050, merchants, who were vassals
VIKINGS approximately.
King Harald
artisans, sailors in the service of the
researchers say the
Hardrada at the weather was already
and conquerors, as nobles (holds and
Battle of cold when the
well as being jarls) and above all
Stamford Bridge Vikings arrived.
fearful looters. the king (Old
in 1066.
Norse: konungr).

146
 The society was
formed by families
of free men
(ceorlas), in which
the head of the
They adopted the
family or
Anglo-Saxon
mundobora had
language and Relations with the
Important part absolute control
culture during the continent were
of the property over relatives,
5th and 6th important when
of the land, servants and
from 410 to centuries. Their Anglo-Saxon England
ANGLO- beginning to slaves. Women
1066 language, now disappeared, a
configure a were literally
SAXONS called Old English, moment traditionally
primitive feudal bought into
and the culture of associated with the
society. marriage. The
the time have Norman conquest.
slaves were mainly
drawn popular and
subjugated Britons
academic attention.
(especially in
western areas) and
Germans brought
from previous wars
(in eastern areas).

147
 Activity 6 You can become a tourist guide!

I. Describe the next British landmarks by writing a sentence about them made up only SIX
WORDS.

Example.

Buckingham Palace.

a) Big Ben. Large clock bell located on the northwest side of the Palace of Westminster.
b) Stonehenge. It is a megalithic monument type Cromlech
wall. An important part of the wall
c) Palace of Westminster. It houses both houses of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
d) London Eye. It's a large Ferris wheel located on the South Bank of the River Thames in London,
UK.

II. Define five landmarks that are important in your country and write a sentence about
each one by using only SIX WORDS as you did it in the last activity. Take 15-20
minutes to do this task

1. Folkloric dance it is considered the national dance of Mexico

2. Mexican gastronomy is the set of dishes and culinary techniques of Mexico

3. Tourist spot its diverse landscape of mountains, deserts and jungles.

4. Mexican music it comprises more than 30 genres expanded and created throughout
the national territory.

5. Mexican soccer team is the representative men's team in official competitions

148
Activity 7 Foods in your country

I. Fill in the charts with information about typical food in your country.

MEXICAN DISH ORIGINS INGREDIENTS DESCRIPTION

Mole Poblano is a dense and

Chicken, turkey or even homogeneous paste. It can be
Mole Puebla
pork and chocolate made with chicken, turkey or
even pork,

Corn flour and yeast for the They are usually filled with
All Mexico and other
dough + various ingredients vegetables, such as spinach,
Tamales South American
according to taste for the beans, peas, corn, or even tofu
countries
filling and soybeans.

They are pancakes whose

Pork, achiote and banana main ingredient is shredded
Cochinita Pibil Yucatan
leaves pork and marinated with
onion and achiote marinade.

The corn is boiled and served

on a stick or in cups, the
All Mexico and other kernels that have been cut off
Elote Central American Corn the cob. Salt and chili powder,
countries butter, mayonnaise, cheese
and sour cream are added in
abundance.

They are tacos filled with

Shrimp, flour or corn shrimp, onion, minced garlic,
Tacos Gubernator Sinaloa
tortillas chili, cheese and pepper,
mainly.

149
II. Fill in the charts with information about British food

BRITISH DISH INGREDIENTS DESCRIPTION

And let's start at the beginning that for a

Full English Breakfast eggs, bacon, toast reason it is said that breakfast is the most
important meal of the day.

It is based on a stir-fry of minced

lamb meat seasoned with
Both parts are cooked separately and later
different types of vegetables,
Shepherd´s Pie presented in a dish where they are au gratin
onion, and carrot, mushrooms,
in the oven.
covered by a thick layer of fresh
mashed potatoes.
It is usually lamb, beef or pork-, the piece
It is usually lamb, beef or pork-,
will be accompanied by cooked vegetables,
the piece will be accompanied by
roasted potatoes, small breads very typical
Sunday roast cooked vegetables, roasted
of Great Britain called Yorkshire puddings
potatoes, some small breads very
and gravy, a sauce made from concentrated
typical of Great Britain
meat broth.

battered fish, usually cod and

Fish and chips battered fish, usually cod and chips
chips

It is a mixture made with

It is a mixture made with chopped
chopped vegetables left over
vegetables left over from another meal,
from another meal, usually from
Bubble and squaek usually from the Sunday roast, to which is
the Sunday roast, to which is also
also added mashed potatoes to create a
added mashed potatoes to create
dough that is later fried.
a dough that is later fried.

150
Activity 8 Important celebrations in the United Kingdom

I. Complete the chart with information about the holidays in the United Kingdom

1. HOLIDAY: Jórvík Viking Festival

DATE DESCRIPTION ACTIVITIES

Especially from the period when it used
the name Jórvík and was the capital of
February
Danelaw, the part of England that was
under the power of the Viking Empire.
This festival is one of the most
important Viking-themed events in
Europe and attracts thousands of
people from all over the world.

2. HOLIDAY: Jack in the Green

DATE DESCRIPTION ACTIVITIES

The main attraction of this
celebration is a parade that leads a
very bizarre figure: a man dressed in
May The beginning of spring is celebrated.
a wicker structure covered with
leaves that gives him the appearance
of a walking tree.

3. HOLIDAY: Festival de Hay

DATE DESCRIPTION ACTIVITIES

Activities related to music and
May purely literary festival
cinema are organized.

4. HOLIDAY: Festival del Queso Rodante de Cooper’s Hill

DATE DESCRIPTION ACTIVITIES

just a downhill race in which the A large Double Gloucester
May winner takes a slightly beaten cheese wheel rolls down a steep
cheese hill as participants try to catch it.

151
5. HOLIDAY: Highland Games

DATE DESCRIPTION ACTIVITIES

The most important celebration
is the Cowal Highland Gathering They consist of competitions of
August in Dunoon, which usually takes any imaginable activity in the
place on the last weekend of Scottish tradition.
August.

152
Activity 9 Summarizing the kind of government

I. Re-read the information above and then complete the information about government
system in the United Kingdom.

1. Government

Kind of Government: Parliamentary government

Characteristics:
But it is not independent, since for centuries it has been politically united with the rest of the countries that make up the
United Kingdom.

Participants: is founded on an assembly

2. Prime Minister

Name: Boris Johnson

Functions: He is the leader of the Conservative Party

How is he/she elected: Appointed by Queen Elizabeth II

3. Current Monarch

Name: Isabel II del Reino Unido

Functions: is the current British monarch and therefore sovereign of sixteen

independent states

How is he/she elected: She is the sixth woman to ascend the British throne and the

longest-reigning monarch.

Age: 95 age

Years reigning: 69 age

153
 4. Parliament

Location: Estrasburgo

Description of House of Lords: Buckingham Palace is Queen Elizabeth's best-

known residence, hosting elaborate visits from heads of state and other royals,

remaining open to the public for a few months for tours, especially the gardens.

Description of House of Commons: Is the name of the lower houses of the

bicameral parliaments of the United Kingdom and Canada. Constitutional practice

in the United Kingdom has become, by inertia, prime minister to the leader of the

political party that obtains the majority in the House of Commons.

154
Activity 10 Analysis of the movie The Queen

I. Watch the assigned movie and answer the following questions:

1) What is the main topic of the movie?

The plot revolves around the death of Diana of Wales and its impact on the British royal
family.

2) Describe the historical context shown in the movie

After Princess Diana's death in a car accident, Britain's Queen Elizabeth II and Prime
Minister Tony Blair struggle to reach an agreement on how the royal family should
respond to the tragedy. Meanwhile, the family needs privacy and witnesses the
demonstration of mourning on the part of the people.

3) Write 3 facts mentioned in the movie

*July 29, 1981.- His son Carlos marries Lady Diana Frances Spencer.
* Death of Princess Diana
* November 14, 1948.- His first-born son and heir to the throne, Prince Charles, was
born.

4) How did the movie help you to understand better the historical event presented in it?

The Queen is an intimate look at the interaction and relationships between Queen Elizabeth II
and Prime Minister Tony Blair during their struggle, after Diana's death, to establish the
boundaries between what was a private tragedy for the Royal Family and the demand by the
public for a public display of mourning.

155
Activity 11 Discussing facts about education in your country

I. Write some ideas that could describe your opinion or experiences about the topics below. (50 words
in each one)

1. Your first day at elementary school.

I remember that I was very excited to meet my new friends, my teacher was known to my
mother and every time we went out of class she took me for a walk.

2. The quality of your elemental education.

One of the biggest problems in the education sector: social and regional gaps. Access and
exercise of the right to education is lower for vulnerable groups, especially rural regions.

3. The higher education facilities in your country.

By educational physical infrastructure is understood the movable and immovable destined
to the education imparted by the State and the individuals with authorization or with
recognition of official validity of studies, within the framework of the national educational
system, in terms of the General Law of Education.

4. The preparation of teachers in your school

Except for 2 years I was in a school and the preparation of my teachers is very good, their
preparation is not to mention ... they always made the class was didactic.

5. All children attend to school in Mexico.

Right now, as this pandemic has improved, some children already attend face-to-face
classes and others continue to work online.

6. Higher Education is expensive in Mexico

It ranges from 125,000 pesos to 930,000 pesos, the most expensive being the medical
degree; while in public institutions such as UNAM, UAM and IPN

7. Educative System in Mexico needs improvement

Formal education in Mexico is based on the Mexican Educational System, whose levels are: initial
education, basic education, upper secondary education and higher education. ... The Mexican
Educational System emerged in 1857, and the management of education is the responsibility of
each State.

156
 Activity 12 Reviewing Information about education in the United Kingdom

I. Write five questions that can be answered with the information given about higher
education in the United Kingdom. Include the answers. You may use the next structure in
your questions.
Wh-word + do/does/did +person + verb + complement
or
Wh-word + is /are /was /were + person + complement.

1. Is Across the Pond really a free service? How is that possible?

Yes! Across The Pond is absolutely free. We will never charge you for our service. We are a
recognized international agency, funded by the British universities with which we are associated,
to recruit students from different parts of the world, including Latin American countries.

2. is the UK expensive? How can I pay for my stay and studies?

The cost of living and tuition really vary from university to university, and from city to city. You will
find that there are many options for different types of budgets, as well as many ways to finance
your studies.

3. What are the entry requirements? - What are my chances of receiving an offer?

Entry requirements vary depending on the universities. Part of the job of Across the Pond
advisors is to approach the universities and programs that best suit your profile, where you will
be an ideal candidate! We have something to offer everyone, almost regardless of your
background (both in terms of experience and your previous educational background).

4. Do I need a visa to study in the UK? ?

It is highly likely that you will need a visa, which is permission to stay in the UK for the duration
of your studies, and anyone who is not a citizen of the UK or the European Union will need one.
The type of visa that a student requires is Tier 4, for which you apply once you have accepted
an offer and have confirmed your admission to the university. You can only apply for your visa
in the three-month period before your program start date, so it will be one of the last things to
worry about.

5. What programs are available at UK Universities? ?

The availability of courses is enormous and the areas covered by universities range from
postgraduate degrees - master's and doctorate levels - in agriculture, art, animal sciences,
natural and social sciences, languages, literature, engineering and humanities.
157
Activity 13 Universities in English speaking countries

I. Fill the information about this prestigious universities, and add another University in UK,
and 2 of USA

Famous
Year of
Location Founder Motto Graduated
Foundation
Students

Enrique II de Dominus
Oxford Oxford, UK 1096
Inglaterra Illuminatio Mea
Bill Clinton

The Old Schools, Trinity

Enrique III de Hinc lucem et
Cambridge Ln, Cambridge CB2 1TN, 1209 Emma Thompson
Inglaterra pocula sacra
UK

Cambridge, Massachusetts
Harvard 1636 Veritas Bill Gates.
Massachusetts, EE. UU. General Court

Cuncti adsint
(Uk University) Gower Street London Henry Brougham,
meritæque
University College de WC1E 6BT 1826 1er Barón de Christopher Nolan
London expectent præmia
United Kingdom Brougham y Vaux
palmæ

(USA University)
South Alabama Mobile, Alabama, United Tina Allen (1949-
Jaguars (University
1963 Tony Waldrop -
States 2008), sculptor
of South Alabama)

(USA University) Los Angeles, CA 90007, October 6, Palmam qui António Damásio,
University of Robert M. Widney
Southern California United States 1880 meruit ferat neurologist doctor.

158
Activity 14 Research about Academic Exchange Programs in your school

I. Research about two Exchange programs (undergraduate level and master degree) that
your school (FIME) has with different education institutions to study abroad. Include the
next information: requirements, cost, scholarships, facilities, benefits.

Exchange Academic Program 1

Level: University: Country: only in the province of Quebec, Canada
Requirements: Application form with photograph (UANL). Learning unit’s revalidation form (signed by
the department's academic commission). Letter of support from the director of the unit. Have completed a
minimum of 50% of the credits of the degree and have a minimum average of 85 (general) and without
subjects in other opportunities. Letter from the academic deputy director of the department or School
coordinator certifying the average and the percentage of credits covered until the moment of applying.
Transcript (certificate). Letter of reasons why you want to make the exchange (addressed to the Destination
University). Curriculum vitae. Proof of command of the required language. English: TOEFL IBT (minimum
80 pts.), French: DELF (B2), German: B2 level (upper intermediate). For other countries, the command of
the language of the destination geographical area must be verified, regardless of the language in which the
classes will be taught. Copy of passport. (With a minimum validity of 6 more months to the date of your
return). Copy of the CURP.

Benefits: Professional growth

Exchange Academic Program 2

Level: University: Country: United States and Canada
Requirements: Application form with photograph (UANL). Learning unit’s revalidation form (signed by
the department's academic commission). Letter of support from the director of the unit. Have completed a
minimum of 50% of the credits of the degree and have a minimum average of 85 (general) and without
subjects in other opportunities. Letter from the academic deputy director of the department or School
coordinator certifying the average and the percentage of credits covered until the moment of applying.
Transcript (certificate). Letter of reasons why you want to make the exchange (addressed to the Destination
University). Curriculum vitae. Proof of command of the required language. English: TOEFL IBT (minimum
80 pts.), French: DELF (B2), German: B2 level (upper intermediate). For other countries, the command of
the language of the destination geographical area must be verified, regardless of the language in which the
classes will be taught. Copy of passport. (With a minimum validity of 6 more months to the date of your
return). Copy of the CURP.

Benefits: Professional growth

159
 II. Write a brief essay about the advantages and disadvantages to study abroad (1 page)

Who has not considered studying abroad for a season? It is an easy question but at the same time
complicated, we all want to live new experiences and learn another language, but fears and
uncertainties always appear. Like everything in life, going to study abroad has its good side and its not
so good side, we can give you reasons why to study abroad at least once in your life but if you are one
of those who have doubts, we hope that This list will help you decide.
Advantages of studying abroad.
You learn another language, not only to speak and understand it, but you will learn a new way of life, a
different culture and new values that will help you open your mind.
Leaving your comfort zone today is something that is quite scary but that should be done more often, it
is a great opportunity for personal growth since you will improve your self-esteem, your ability to
function and manage yourself.
It is a great opportunity to get to know a different culture than yours, which will help you open your mind
to different points of view.
You will make friends from other countries who will help you learn about different lifestyles, which will
help you gain tolerance and empathy.
You will expand your job opportunities because the skills acquired will improve your resume for future
jobs.
Disadvantages of studying abroad.
You miss and miss family and friends forever. Homelessness is normal when you are away but you
know that when you come back you will have them again.
You will feel a bit lost at first, not controlling the language or the city where you are at all is scary at first
but it also sharpens other senses and you will become more and more self-sufficient.
The economic issue is clear that it can be an inconvenience, everything is a matter of organizing to
achieve your goal.
The food… there is nothing like your mother's food and we know it but when you travel abroad and are
away for a while, you appreciate every dish she prepares even more.
The truth is that by looking at the balance, all the disadvantageous points that have occurred to us can
be overcome. If you are undecided, we hope that this list will help you, the most important thing is that
you do what you really want to do and surely when reading the list your balance has already leaned
towards what you really want to do.

160
Activity 15 Mexican inventions

I. Choose from the inventions given the six things that you think were invented by a
Mexican.

Mexican inventions
COLOR TV
ROCKET BELT
INSTANT BOOK MAKER
MOUSE PAD
TRANSLUCID CONCRETE
CONTRACEPTIVE PILL

II. After discovering the six Mexican inventions, write the person who invented them. These
are the inventors: Guillermo González Camarena, Juan Manuel Lozano, Victor Celorio,
Armando Fernández, Joel Sosa and Luis Miramontes.

1. Guillermo González
COLOR TV
Camarena
2. Juan Manuel Lozano ROCKET BELT
3. Victor Celorio INSTANT BOOK MAKER
4. Armando Fernandez MOUSE PAD
6. Joel Sosa TRANSLUCID CONCRETE
7. Luis Miramontes CONTRACEPTIVE PILL

161
Activity 16 Gadgets that make our life easier

I. Write as much as you know about them and their benefits for you telephone,
electric motor, internet, electricity, capacitor

TELEPHONE
The telephone is a telecommunication device created to transmit acoustic
signals at a distance by means of electrical signals. It was invented by
Antonio Meucci, who in 1854 built his first prototype, although he did not
formalize his patent due to financial difficulties, presenting only a brief
description of his invention in the United States Patent Office in 1871. A few
years later, in 1876, Alexander Graham Bell was the first to formally patent
it, and for many years, together with Elisha Gray, they were considered the
inventors of the telephone.

ELECTRIC MOTOR
The electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy into rotating
mechanical energy through the action of the magnetic fields generated in
its coils. They are rotating electrical machines made up of a stator and a
rotor. Some of the electric motors are reversible, as they can convert
mechanical energy into electrical energy by working as generators or
dynamo. Electric traction motors used in locomotives or hybrid cars often
perform both tasks, if properly designed.

PENICILLIN
Penicillins are antibiotics from the group of beta-lactams used in the
treatment of infections caused by sensitive bacteria. Most penicillins are
derivatives of 6-aminopenicillanic acid, differing from each other according
to the substitution in the side chain of their amino group. Penicillin G or
benzylpenicillin was the first antibiotic widely used in medicine; its discovery
has been attributed to Alexander Fleming in 1928, who won the Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 together with scientists Ernst Boris Chain
and Howard Walter Florey, creators of a method to mass produce the drug.
Clodomiro Picado Twight, a Costa Rican scientist, is also recognized as
one of the percussionists of his discovery, which he used to treat patients
shortly before Fleming's formal discovery.

162
 INTERNET
The Internet is a network of computers
interconnected worldwide in the form of a spider
web. It consists of servers (or "nodes") that provide
information to approximately 100 million people who
are connected to each other through telephone and
cable networks.

ELECTRICITY
The word "electricity" comes from the Latin
electrum, and in turn from the Greek élektron, or
amber. The reference to amber comes from a
discovery recorded by the French scientist Charles
François de Cisternay du Fay, who identified the
existence of two types of electrical charges (positive
and negative). The positive charges were
manifested when rubbing the glass, and the
negative ones when rubbing resinous substances
such as amber.

CAPACITOR
An electrical capacitor (also known frequently with
the anglicized capacitor, coming from the equivalent
name in English) is a passive device, used in
electricity and electronics, capable of storing energy
by sustaining an electric field. It is formed by a pair
of conductive surfaces, generally in the form of
sheets or plates, in a situation of total influence (that
is, that all the electric field lines that start from one
go to the other) separated by a dielectric material or
by vacuum. The plates, subjected to a potential
difference, acquire a certain electrical charge,
positive in one of them and negative in the other,
the variation in total charge being zero.

163
Activity 17 Engineering designs for the future

I. Watch the video about Engineering in the future in the next link:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IlnlkMbukmA. Answer the following questions:

1) Write a summary of the video

The technical definition of Hyperloop is "a transport system based on capsules that
levitate inside tunnels at low pressure, which would have an air compressor installed in
the nose to avoid the effect of compression by currents on speed."

2) Describe the innovation shown in the video.

The company is headquartered in Los Angeles, a test track in Las Vegas, and projects in
Mumbai, Dubai and throughout the US According to Ryan Kelly, Virgin Hyperloop's vice
president of marketing, the first fully operational model would be ready in 2030 and will
be completed. Would certify a few years later.

3) How was the engineering applied in the design and implementation of the
construction presented?
It is a Hyperloop: a system of magnetic trains that levitate inside a tube at more than
1,000 kilometers per hour. ... The magnets that cover the lower part of the capsule repel
the material of the tube itself, promoting the levitation of the capsule while it travels.

4) Write a conclusion about the activity

Hyperloop wants to become a reality and eliminate the airplane as a medium-range means of
transport in Europe. The Virgin project, the group of millionaire Richard Branson currently
embarking on the space tourism race, is based on Hyperloop technology, as revolutionary as it is
relatively simple from a technical point of view. Those responsible for the Virgin company have
released a technical video "never seen before", they highlighted, on the system.

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Activity 18 Celebrating music in a country

I. Answer the next questions.

1. Have you ever been in a Music Festival/Concert/Musical?

Yes, this year I went to the Ha-ash and Caligaris concert at Fundidora

2. What singers or bands did you see in this festival?

Ha-ash and Caligaris

3. What is an important music festival celebrated in your city?

Tecate Pa´l Norte

4. What do you think is the purpose of organizing a festival of music?

Such as, holding concerts and other spaces of expression of access and participation
where young creators assimilate and express talents, which have the opportunity to be
recognized and promoted for the sake of their excellent artistic work to continue working.

5. How accessible are festivals of music in your country?

The public has the option of attending any of the concerts that are offered and that are
usually included in the same ticket.

6. Which one do you consider is the best Music Festival in the world?
Tomorrowland

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Activity 19 Best singers by decade!

I. Mention the music icons of each country in the next decades.

USA UK

60´s Elvis Presley The Beatles

70´s Parliament-Funkadelic Pink Floyd

80´s Cyndi Lauper The Smiths

90´s Nirvana Oasis – Manchester

Michael Jackson The proms

Nowadays A Great Big World. Fontaines DC

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 Activity 2 There is also talent in my country!

I. Think about Mexican movies and popular actors and actresses and write a list of the 5
most popular films in history with their main actors and a brief description of them.

Movie Actors Description

This film is based on the novel by Angeles Mastretta, “Arráncame la Vida” is a
historical drama beautifully brought to the screen by Roberto Snaider and about
Rip my life Roberto Snaider which very little is said.
This period film stars Daniel Giménez-Cacho Garcia and Ana Claudia
Talancon, standing out for their great performance.
The film focuses on Martín, a young linguist, comes to a town to study Zikril, a
language that is about to become extinct, since there are only two living native
I dream in another
Ernesto Contreras speakers, who have not spoken for fifty years.
language
"This film talks about the importance of language and how there are languages
that are being lost due to colonialism," said the expert.
"El Infierno shows the Mexican people and the tragedies they are going
through, doing it in such a shocking way that it made movie theaters overflow
Hell Luis Estrada
trying to see who" El Cochiloco "was, a unique character within the national
filmography", Narce said.
Tempested, meanwhile, that Tatiana presents in 2016 which talks about two
women, victims of violence and impunity in Mexico. Miriam, unjustly
Storm Tatiana Huezo imprisoned for the crime of human trafficking, and Adela, a traveling circus
worker who has been searching for her missing daughter for two years, tell their
story through a trip.
She broke into the Mexican film market in the 1990s with “Danson”, which
portrays the life of a Mexico City telephone operator in a very feminine way,
"shared the expert. The protagonist's only passion is to go to dancing, but when,
Danson Maria Novaro
inexplicably, her dance partner disappears, she will try to locate him at all costs.
"This woman tries to pursue her passion for popular dance while supporting her
family. It is an essential work to feel proud of being Mexican

II. Write a description about the best movie filmed in your country in your opinion and write
you think it is the best.

Let's go with Pancho Villa is a Mexican film made in 1935 and released on December 31, 1936, directed by
Fernando de Fuentes, the most influential director of the period before the Golden Age of Mexican cinema.
It is the second of his trilogy on the Mexican Revolution, which also includes El compadre Mendoza (1933)
and El prisionero trece (1933). The film is considered by many to be a classic and a masterpiece of Mexican
cinema.2 Based on the novel Vámonos con Pancho Villa (1931) by Rafael F. Muñoz, it tells the tragic story
of a group of fictitious revolutionaries "Los Leones de San Pablo" who joined the forces of Pancho Villa
during the Mexican Revolution. Topics covered include disenchantment with the revolution, the
demystification of Pancho Villa, and criticism of the war in general.

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