CATION AND

GLOBALIZ
ATION
Communication and globalization in the 21st
century introduce us to a new dimension of
perspectives.
Competence
 According the Merriam-
Webster Dictionary,
competence means the
quality or state of being
competent. Or in simple
terms, it is the ability to
do something
successfully.
Communication
Competence
 Itis the ability to
function in a truly
communicative
setting.
Swain and Canale
(1983) termed it as:
 Communicative Competence
as the synthesis of an
underlying system of
knowledge and skill needed
for communication. It
includes the conscious and
unconscious knowledge of an
individual about language
and about other aspects of
language use.
Cooley and
Roach (1984)
defined it as:
 Knowledge of effective
and appropriate
communication
patterns and the
ability to use and
adapt that knowledge
in various contexts.
Chen as supported
by Weinstein (1969)
defined it as:

 An internal ability that

is naturally enhanced
and luminated through
the promotion of
empathy in the process
of socialization.
 Components of Communicative
Competence
1. Grammatical Competence - the domain of grammatical and
lexical capacity.

Grammar refers to the set of rules that explains how words are
used in a language

Lexical refers to the meanings of words

2. Sociolinguistic Competence - it pertains to an understanding

of the social context in which communication takes place
 3. Discourse Competence - it is the ability to
interpret individual message elements in terms
of their interconnectedness and of how meaning
is represented in relationship to the entire
Components discourse.

of
Communicative
Competence 4. Strategic Competence - it relates to the
coping strategies that communicators employ to
initiate, terminate, maintain, repair and
redirect communication.
 State State ideas clearly.

Communicate Communicate ethically.

Expected Recognize Recognize when it is appropriate to communicate.

Skills for Identify Identify their communication goals.

College Select Select the most appropriate and effective medium for communicating.

Graduates Demonstrate Demonstrate credibility.

(21st Century
Learners)
Identify and manage Identify and manage misunderstandings.

Manage Manage conflict.

Be Be open-minded about another’s point of view.

Listen Listen attentively.

Global
Communication
Competence
 Is the ability of
individuals that
relates effectively
to self and others
in daily life.
Cultural Relativism - Ethnocentrism -
refers to the idea evaluation of other
that the values, cultures according to
knowledge, and preconceptions
behavior of people originating in the
must be understood standards and
within their customs of one's own
own cultural context culture

Cultural Assimilation
Xenocentrism - is the
- is the process in
preference for the
which a minority
products, styles, or
group or culture
ideas of someone
comes to resemble a
else's culture rather
dominant group or
than of one's own.
assume the values,
Also called “Colonial
behaviors, and beliefs
Mentality”
of another group
Enlightened Global Citizenship

According to Chen and Starosta (1997, 2003), to qualify for enlightened

global citizenship, one must be equipped with the ability to acknowledge,
respect, tolerate and integrate cultural differences.

People who are globally competent do not only acknowledge the importance
of knowledge and skills to face the changing environment but also regard a
new set of thinking and behavior that greatly considers cultural differences.
 Three Domains of Learning

COGNITIVE - DEALS WITH AFFECTIVE - DEALS WITH THE BEHAVIORAL - DEALS WITH
KNOWLEDGE, LOGIC, REASON, EMOTIONS, VALUES AND BEHAVIORS, INTERACTION, ETC
ANALYSIS, ETC MORALS
 Global Mindset
Four Dimensions Mindset is a psychological process that represents
of Global patterns of an individual or group thinking. It is a
fixed mental attitude that leads people to see
Communication things and events from specific lens through
perception and reasoning.
Competence
(Chen, 2005)
Global Mindset refers to openness to other cultures
that facilitates intercultural interactions.
 Unfolding the Self
Four Dimensions
of Global
Communication
Competence Unfolding the Self is mainly concerned with
the ability to look for shared communication
(Chen, 2005) symbols and project the self into another
person’s mind by thinking the same thoughts,
feelings and emotions as the other person.
 Mapping the Culture

Four Dimensions
of Global Understanding ourselves as a cultural
Communication being is a prerequisite to knowing
other cultures.
Competence
(Chen, 2005)
Mapping the Culture refers to understanding
the differences between one’s own culture and
the other cultures that might result in adapting
different culture in order to become more
diverse and appropriate in the global setting.
 Aligning the Interaction
Four Dimensions
of Global
Communication
Competence Being able to interact with people from
(Chen, 2005) different cultures by using the appropriate
and effective approaches without violating
the other people’s cultures, beliefs and
norms.
GLOBALIZATION
It is the structural
phenomenon of
increasing
interdependence among
various parts of the world
(Cornali & Tirocchi,
2012).
GLOBALIZATION
It takes us to an
understanding of
transformation,
advancement and
interdependence in the
world that are highly
evident in the economic,
cultural and social changes
in our society.
GLOBALIZATION
The advancement of
technology and
numerous technology
revolutions have been
globalizing the world
into a closely
interconnected
society.
GLOBALIZATION
* The process of
globalization is an
unavoidable
feature of
modernity and
development.
GLOBALIZATION
* It promotes the
development and
prevalence of digital
technologies that
make communication
faster and
information more
easily accessible.
GLOBALIZATION
As a result, Chen (2005)
claims that the flux and
complexity of change will
continue to increase in the
years ahead and challenge
the fundamental
assumptions and beliefs on
which modern people have
learned to live.
 Hand-made or Machine-made?

Local or International?

CHOOSE iPhone or My Phone

BETWEEN Democracy or Federalism?

THE GIVEN Single or Married?

Adobo or Samgyupsal?

God or man?
Heidegger’s Prophecy
Heidegger prophesized in
1950 that “new
communication and
information technologies
would spawn novel
possibilities for dramatically
extending the scope of
virtual reality.
 Definitions of Globalization
(Scheuerman, 2014)

Globalization in linked
to the growth of social Globalization must also
Globalization is
interconnectedness include a reference to
associated with
across existing the speed or velocity of
deterritorialization
geographical and social activity
political boundaries.

Globalization should be
Globalization should be
conceived as a
understood as a multi-
relatively long-term
pronged process
process
 Technology development has made globalization
inevitable and irreversible (Eichengreen, 1999)

The internet is the most significant contribution

Major Trends to the global interconnectivity

in Economic transformation has led to a

new landscape of economic world
Globalization
In the emergence of globalization, exchange of goods
(Chen, 2005) across geographical locations become easier. New
developments in technology brought in new jobs.

Movement of domestic firms to

global firms
 1. Virtual interactions – technology allowed us to
communicate virtually from people at distant
locations. In order to use these mediums
effectively, we must select the most appropriate
tool to use in certain situations.
The Impact
of 2. Cultural awareness in speech – even when two
people are speaking the same language, cultural
Globalization differences can affect vocabulary, colloquial
expressions, voice tone, and taboo topics.
 Globalization requires the • In the Filipino workplace setting, avoid asking unprofessional
development of a person’s questions, questions that can be easily researched in the
language ability. internet, questions that have already been asked
• Think first, Google second, ask third
 3. Cultural awareness in body language –
being aware that not all physical
expressions of one’s own culture are
The Impact universally-accepted

of 4. Time differences – the advent of global

Globalization collaboration introduces another new
dynamic to communication skills- the need
to communicate and share information with
people across several time zones
 It enables communication to take place in
real time over great distances

The Role of
It advances the 21st century into what we
Media in the speak as the globalization of
communication
Globalization
Process The emergence of the electronic media
and the digital media has brought about a
radical change on how we see education
 Language and
Globalization
 Language continues
to evolve. It keeps on
developing as people
are becoming more
literate in the global
world
WHY IS ENGLISH
CONSIDERED THE
“UNIVERSAL
LANGUAGE”?
 Itis the world's
second largest
native language,
the official
language in 70
countries, and
English-speaking
countries are
responsible for
about 40% of world's
total GNP.
Source:
https://www.omniglot.com/language/articles/engunilang.php
 The causes for this
universality are very well
known and understandable.
English first began to spread
during the 16th century with
British Empire and was
strongly reinforced in 20th by
USA world domination in
economic, political and
military aspects and by the
huge influence of American
movies.
Source:
https://www.omniglot.com/language/articles/engunilang.php