THIS IS NOT FOR SALE

MODULE
IN
ENGLISH
GRADE 9
FIRST GRADING PERIOD
DRAFT ONLY

NAME: _________________________
TEACHER: _______________________
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 Grade 9 – Quarter 1 – Module 2

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
conditional sentences in expressing arguments. The lessons are aligned with the
Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs) of K to 12.

The module is divided into three lessons, namely:

• Lesson 1 – Factual or Real Conditional Sentences
• Lesson 2 – Future or Predictive Conditional Sentences
• Lesson 3 – Imaginative or Unreal Conditional Sentences

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the parts of a conditional sentence;
2. form the correct verb tenses to be used in the main clause and subordinate
clause of a conditional sentence;
3. distinguish one type of conditional sentence from other types of conditional
sentence;
4. use conditionals to complete the meaning of the sentence.

What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. It is a type of conditional sentence that states a condition that is likely to

happen in the future.
a. Generic factual
b. Factual habitual
c. Future or predictive
d. Imaginative or unreal
2. It is a conditional sentence that expresses a condition that is unlikely to
happen or a condition that should have occurred in the past.
a. Generic factual
b. Factual habitual
c. Future or predictive
d. Imaginative or unreal

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3. It is a conditional sentence that expresses a real condition or a condition that
has unchanging truth value.
a. Generic factual
b. Factual habitual
c. Future or predictive
d. Imaginative or unreal
4. It is a conditional sentence that expresses a real condition in the present or
past that is habitually true.
a. Generic factual
b. Factual habitual
c. Future or predictive
d. Imaginative or unreal
5. It is a conditional sentence that expresses a condition that is contrary to fact.
a. Generic factual
b. Factual habitual
c. Future or predictive
d. Imaginative or unreal
6. If you had told me, I (help) _______________ you.
a. helped
b. will help
c. could help
d. could have helped
7. If the population grows bigger, there (be) _______________ more demand for
supplies.
a. is
b. will be
c. would be
d. would have been
8. If she (be) _______________ strict with her children, they would have learned
to spend their time wisely.
a. is
b. was
c. has been
d. had been
9. If I go today, they (go) _______________, too.
a. go
b. went
c. may go
d. might go
10. If a person touches an infected droplet on a surface and then touches his
own nose, mouth, or eyes, he (get) _______________ infected also.
a. get
b. got
c. can get
d. could get

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 Lesson
Factual or Real Conditional
1 Sentences

What happens if distance learning becomes the new normal in education? To answer
this question would perhaps require you to state a result for such condition. In this
entire Module, you will learn how to use conditional sentences to talk about things
that can only happen under certain conditions.

Conditional sentences are made up of two clauses – one main clause and one
subordinate clause. The subordinate clause is introduced by if and states the
condition. The main clause, on the other hand, gives the result or the conclusion.

What’s In

Here is a review of the two kinds of clauses before we proceed to the conditional
sentence.

A clause is a group of words that forms part of a sentence and that contains a subject
and a predicate. The clause that can stand by itself as a sentence is called
independent or main clause. The subordinate clause, on the other hand, is a clause
that cannot stand by itself as a complete sentence and, therefore, is dependent to
the main clause for its meaning.

If the main clause begins the sentence, there is no comma needed to separate it from
the subordinate clause. The subordinate clause begins with words such as if, when,
after, because, that, who, or what.
Example:

If you experience difficulty in breathing, you may be infected with COVID-19.

In the example above, you may be infected with COVID-19 is the main clause and it
can be punctuated as a complete sentence. If you experience difficulty in breathing is
a dependent or subordinate clause and its meaning can only be understood if it is
connected to the main clause.

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Let’s try to identify the main clause by underlining it once and the subordinate clause
twice in the following sentences. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. After we consulted the doctor, we went home.

2. Manuel is a police officer who is assigned at the checkpoint.
3. Violators of quarantine protocols are apprehended by the police who
implement strict compliance to rules.
4. John promised his mother that he would take good care of himself.
5. When we arrived, the doctor has left.

What’s New

Now, read the following paragraph and focus on the underlined sentence containing
if clause.

Can COVID-19 Lead to Pneumonia?

Some patients with COVID-19 may develop pneumonia, a lung infection, if

the virus makes its way to the lungs. If you have pneumonia, the air sacs in the
lungs fill up with fluid, which impairs the lungs’ ability to transfer oxygen and
results in difficulty breathing. Viral pneumonia, such as from COVID-19, can’t be
treated with antibiotics. In severe cases, ventilator support may be needed to
ensure sufficient oxygen circulation in the body.
People over 65 and those with pre-existing conditions are at a higher risk of
developing pneumonia and may experience more severe symptoms. Studies show
that in patients with COVID-19, pneumonia may progress into acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS), which may be fatal in some patients.

What is It

In the paragraph above, the underlined sentence expresses a condition – a real

condition. This is one type of conditional sentence that is called factual or real
conditional sentence.

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Factual or Real Conditional Sentence
Factual or real conditional sentences can be generic factual conditionals or factual
habitual conditions.

Generic factual conditionals have unchanging truth value. The factual habitual
conditions express either present or past relationships that are habitually true. Here
are the structures of this type of conditional sentence.

Structures:
For factual and habitual present:

If + subject + simple present tense, subject + simple present tense

If clause Main clause

For habitual past:

If + subject + simple past tense, subject + simple past tense

If clause Main clause

Consider this sentence taken from the paragraph:

If you have pneumonia, the air sacs in the lungs fill up with fluid.

This is an example of generic factual conditional. The verb in the if clause is have,
which is in the present tense. The verb in the main clause is fill, which is also in the
present tense. Note, however, that the present tense has two forms: base form and
-s form. In the above sentence, the verb in the main clause, fill, is in the base form
to agree with its subject, which is air sacs.
Here is an example of factual habitual condition in the present tense:
If the weather is nice, he bikes to work at a hospital.

In this example, the verbs in both clauses are in the present tense. Both verbs is and
bikes are also singular or in the -s form to agree with their subjects weather and he,
respectively.

Here is an example of factual habitual condition in the past tense.

If she went to the hospital, she saw the doctor.

In this example, the verbs in both clauses are in the simple past tense. Note that the
past tense of the verb can be regularly or irregularly formed. The verbs was and saw
are irregular verbs.

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 Lesson
Future or Predictive
2 Conditional Sentences

In the previous lesson, you learned the two clauses that make up a conditional
sentence. The if clause states the condition and the main clause gives the result or
conclusion. In this lesson, you will learn another type of conditional sentence – the
future or predictive conditional sentence.

What’s In

Before going to the next type of conditional, let us have a review of the first type of
conditional sentence previously discussed. The tense of the verb in both clauses of
conditional sentence that is factual or real is in the present while for factual habitual
that expresses past relationship, the tense of the verb in both clauses is in the past.

Complete the conditional sentences below with the correct form of the verb enclosed
in parentheses. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. If this is so, he (deserve) ______________ praise or recognition.

a. deserve
b. deserves
c. deserved
d. will deserve
2. If one family member has a cold, I usually (catch) ______________ it.
a. catch
b. caught
c. catches
d. would catch
3. If you multiply twenty by five, you (get) ______________ one hundred.
a. get
b. got
c. gets
d. would get

What’s New

Read the following text and focus on the sentences containing if clauses.

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 I've Been Diagnosed with the New Coronavirus (COVID-19).
What Should I Expect?

What usually happens when coronavirus enters the body?

Viral droplets transmitted from an infected person’s cough or sneeze enter
through your nose, mouth or eyes — the usual entry points for respiratory viruses.
Even if they don’t cough or sneeze directly on you, you may get the virus if you
touch something an infected person recently touched and then touch your face,
nose, mouth or eyes.
From there, it travels to the back of your nasal passages and to the mucous
membranes in the back of your throat. That’s the place where symptoms — such
as a sore throat and dry cough — often start.
Then the virus spreads down the airway passages to the lungs. When the
lungs’ membranes become inflamed, it’s harder for them to work properly.
In addition to causing problems in the lungs, the virus may also cause
nausea, diarrhea or indigestion if it infects cells in the gastrointestinal system. In
the most severe cases, COVID-19 may lead to organ failure and death.

What is It

In the text that you have read, you came across with sentences that contain if
clauses. The conditions expressed in those sentences are conditions that are likely
to happen. This is another type of conditional sentence – the future or predictive
conditional.

Future or Predictive Conditional Sentence

Future conditionals express future plans, possibilities, or chance happenings. They
talk about the future time. The if clause uses the simple present and the main clause
uses the modal helping verbs with the present form of any verb.

Structure:

If + subject + simple present tense, subject + will/can/may/must + verb in

the base form
If clause Main clause

Consider the following sentences taken from the text:

1. You may get the virus if you touch something an infected person recently
touched.
2. The virus may also cause nausea, diarrhea or indigestion if it infects cells in
the gastrointestinal system.

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In these examples, the main clause comes first before the if clause. The main clause
contains the modal phrase, and the if clause uses verb in the present tense. You can
recall that there are two forms of verb in the present tense: base form and -s form.

In No.1 example, the verb in the subordinate clause is touch. It is in the simple
present base form because its subject is you. In No. 2 subordinate clause, the verb
infects is in the -s form. The verb infects agrees with its subject it.
The main clauses in the above examples use modal phrase consisting of may and the
base form of the given verb.

Lesson
Imaginative or Unreal
3 Conditional Sentences
You have learned the factual or real conditionals and the future or predictive
conditionals in the previous lessons. In this lesson, another type of conditional will
be discussed. This is the imaginative or unreal conditional sentence.

What’s In

Let us recall the type of conditional sentence in Lesson 2. The verb in the if clause is
in the simple present tense while the verb in the main clause is a modal phrase
consisting of either will or can/may/must.
Supply the conditional sentences below with the correct form of the verb in
parentheses. Write the letter of your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. If our teacher leaves, we (be) _______________ sad.
a. be
b. are
c. will be
d. would be
2. If it (rain) ______________, I will stay home.
a. rain
b. rains
c. rained
d. will rain
3. They must use a face mask if they (enter) ______________ your room.
a. enter
b. enters
c. entered
d. will enter

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 What’s New

Read the selected parts of the transcript of What If video on what would happen to
you if you got infected with coronavirus. You may also view the video on this link.
https://www.facebook.com/What.If.science/videos/579152409347234

What If You Got the Coronavirus?

It has infected thousands, and could potentially affect millions of people all
around the world. This is the coronavirus. What would happen if you caught this
disease? How would it affect your body? What should you do if you get it? What
are your chances of survival? What if you got the coronavirus?
Well, there’s a good chance that you wouldn’t feel anything at least not
immediately. It could take two days or up to two weeks before you notice any
symptoms. This means you could be living life the way you normally would. And if
you happen to sneeze or cough on a surface there’s a possibility you could
unknowingly infect those around you. And what would happen if you actually
started experiencing these symptoms? Well, it would be a bit different for everyone.
Your body temperature would first increase as it attempts to fight off the
virus. This means you have a fever, causing you to shiver and sweat. These
symptoms might last for a couple of days. At this point, you should stay home and
away from other people.
You might think you’re in the clear at this point but this is when pneumonia
could set in. If it did, you’d find it difficult to breathe, and you would have more
mucus in your lungs and nostrils which would lead to more coughing. The
shortness of breath and chest pain would continue to get worse. There’s also a
chance you would begin vomiting. And on top of all this, you would feel incredibly
weak and tired. Your lungs would also continue to worsen. Some patients with
coronavirus have even experienced permanent lung damage and scarring.
But there’s also much more about the coronavirus and that we don’t know
yet. Other organs could be affected as well. Some patients have shown signs of
liver problems. So, if you are experiencing any of these signs, you might want to
go to the hospital. At this point, you would be put in a quarantined area so you
wouldn’t infect anyone else. Unfortunately, the doctors can’t guarantee they can
cure you. And a vaccine for the coronavirus might not be available for another year
at least. But they would do their best to help you feel better by giving you
painkillers, and lots of fluids. As time went on, your body might be able to naturally
heal itself from the coronavirus. But that’s only if you were a healthy person to
begin with. If you weren’t, then the coronavirus could cause organ failure and then
death.
Now, hopefully you avoid getting the coronavirus, but what would happen if
everyone else on earth caught it? And a global pandemic occurred? Well. We’ll leave
that story for another What If.

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 What is It

The text above contains some scenarios on what would happen if you got the
coronavirus. The scenarios show conditions that are unlikely to happen or simply
imaginative or unreal. This is another type of conditional sentence – imaginative or
unreal conditional.

Imaginative or Unreal Conditional Sentence

Imaginative conditional sentences have two subtypes. One subtype is in the context
of the present time. The second subtype is in the context of the past.
The if clauses have a negative quality. The opposite is true. For example, if the if
clause says “If I had studied hard,” it means the speaker did not study hard.
Remember that imaginative or unreal conditionals are contrary to fact, or conditions
that could or would have happened in the past.

Structures:
For the context of the present time:

If + subject + past tense, subject + would/could + verb in the

base form
If clause Main clause

For the context of the past time:

If + subject + past perfect tense (had + subject + would have or could have +
past participle of any verb) past participle of any verb
If clause Main clause

Consider these examples from the text.

1. If it did, you would find it difficult to breathe.
2. If you weren’t, then the coronavirus could cause organ failure and then
death.

These are examples of imaginative conditional in the present time. The verb in the if
clause is in the past tense, and the verb in the main clause is a modal phrase
consisting of could or would and the base form of any verb.
Here is an example of imaginative conditional in the past time.
If I had stayed home, I would have avoided catching the coronavirus.

In this sentence, the verb in the if clause is in the past perfect tense while the verb
in the main clause is in the perfect conditional, would have or could have + past
participle of any verb.

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 What’s More

Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the verb enclosed in
parentheses. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. If you mix oil and water, oil (float, floats, floated, would float) _______________.
2. If she was in the museum, she (see, saw, sees, had seen) _______________ the
painting.
3. If water (freeze, freezes, froze, will freeze) _______________, it becomes ice.
4. Butter will melt if you (heat, heats, heated, will heat) _______________ it.
5. If you (water, waters, watered, will water) _______________ the flower pots, the
seeds will sprout.
6. If he comes to the city, he (work, works, worked, will work) _______________ in
a factory.
7. If you had told me, I (helped, had helped, would help, would have helped)
_______________ you.
8. If I (was, were, had been, would be) _______________ you, I would prefer to stay
in the rural areas.
9. They (be, were, had been, would be) _______________ more successful if they
were honest.
10. If she (warns, warned, had warned, would have warned) _______________ her
son, she would have saved him from the accident.

What I Have Learned

To check your understanding of the different lessons on conditional sentence, answer

the following questions. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. What are the two parts of a conditional sentence? Explain each.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
2. What condition does a generic factual conditional express? A factual habitual
condition?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
3. What condition is expressed by future or predictive conditional?
__________________________________________________________________________
4. What condition is expressed by imaginative or unreal conditional?
__________________________________________________________________________
5. In generic factual and factual habitual present, the verb in the if clause is in
the _______________ tense and the verb in the main clause is in the
_______________ tense, too.

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 6. In future or predictive conditional, the verb in the if clause is in the present
tense while the verb in the main clause is a modal phrase consisting of
_______________.
7. In imaginative present, the verb in the if clause is in the past tense while the
verb in the main clause is a conditional consisting of _______________.
8. In imaginative past, the verb in the if clause is in the past perfect tense formed
by _______________ while the verb in the main clause is in the perfect
conditional formed by _______________.
9. The present tense of the verb has two forms: _______________ and
_______________.
10. Explain how you can properly use the different conditionals in expressing
your arguments.
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

Express your arguments in the following scenarios using the indicated conditional.
Activity 1: Through a speech balloon, create at least 3 dialogues on how you would
respond to COVID-19 pandemic if you were the President of the Philippines. Use
imaginative or unreal conditional in expressing your argument. Use a separate sheet
of paper for this activity.

Example:

If I were the president, I

How would you respond would sign laws to
to COVID-19 pandemic extend quarantine in
if you were the highly affected areas of
president? the country.

Do it here.

How would you respond

to COVID-19 pandemic
if you were the
president?

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Activity 2: Fill in the following table below with your arguments on what will happen
to you if you don’t follow the quarantine measures being imposed by the authorities.
Use the future or predictive conditional. Use a separate sheet of paper for this
activity.
Example: If I don’t wear face mask, I will have a chance of getting infected.

If I disobey the quarantine protocols, _______________

What will happen to 1. I

you if you don’t follow
2. I
the quarantine
measures being
3. I
imposed by the
authorities? 4. I

5. I

Activity 3: Look for some factual scenarios about COVID-19 infection, how you will
catch it, or how you will avoid it. Construct 5 conditional sentences using the factual
or real conditional. Use a separate sheet of paper for this activity.
Example: If someone with the disease coughs or sneezes near me, I have a high
chance of catching it, too.
1. _____________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________

Assessment

Choose the correct verb or modal phrase to complete the meaning of the sentence.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. If springs arrive, the algae (multiply, multiplies, multiplied, will multiply)
_______________.
2. If Rony (speak, speaks, spoke, will speak) _______________ Australian English,
it is because he studies in Sydney.
3. If I were you, I (study, studied, will study, would study) _______________ harder.
4. If I (am, was, were, had been) the president, I would improve the basic services
for urban settlers.
5. If we listen closely, we (hear, heard, can hear, could hear) it already
thundering on not so distant shores.

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 6. If I were an urban planner, I (help, helped, can help, could help) solve the
problem of rapid urbanization.
7. If we look closely around us, we (find, finds, will find, would find)
_______________ early signs of growth and new potentials.
8. Erica will graduate valedictorian if she (study, studies, will study, would study)
_______________ hard.
9. If we had come ahead of time, we (save, saved, would save, would have saved)
the girl from the addicts.
10. If the teenager (heeds, heeded, had heeded, would have heeded) his father’s
advice, he would have avoided getting into trouble.
11. If he had concentrated on his studies, he (avoids, avoided, would avoid, would
have avoided) his bad habits.
12. If they (see, saw, had seen, would see) them unarmed, they would have fought
against them.
13. If the policeman does not stop the rally, there (is, was, will be, would be) traffic
jam.
14. If you don’t stop smoking, I (tell, tells, will tell, would tell) your mother.
15. If you (multiply, multiplies, will multiply, would multiply) fifteen by four, you
get sixty.
16. If we (had, have, will have, would have) enough money, we would go to Europe.
17. If he (was, has been, had been, would be) careful, he would have not fallen.
18. If he (come, came, comes, would come) early, it is all right.
19. If you lower the temperature of water to 0℃, water (freeze, froze, freezes, would
freeze).
20. If you (mix, mixes, mixed, could mix) milk with lemon juice or vinegar, it
curdles.

Additional Activities

Refer to your Assessment activity. Identify the conditional sentence as factual,

future, or imaginative. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.

1. 11.
2. 12.
3. 13.
4. 14.
5. 15.
6. 16.
7. 17.
8. 18.
9. 19.
10. 20.

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References

Bermudez, Virginia F. et.al. (2012). English Expressways III. Quezon City: SD

Publications, Inc.

Dela Cruz, Edna M. et.at. (2010). Proficiency in English III. Manila: Rex Bookstore,
Inc.
Maragakis, L. (2020). I've been diagnosed with the new coronavirus (COVID-19).
What should I expect? Retrieved from
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-
and-diseases/coronavirus/diagnosed-with-covid-19-what-to-expect%3famp=true

What If You Got the Coronavirus? Viewed June 27, 2020,

https://www.facebook.com/What.If.science/videos/579152409347234

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