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Wk2 Complex Number - Part 1
Wk2 Complex Number - Part 1
ECADVM30
NUMBER– PART 1
o By definition, two complex numbers are equal if and only if their real
parts are equal and their imaginary parts are equal, or if z = x + jy is
equal to z = x + jy then
𝑹𝒆 ( 𝒛 𝟏) = 𝑹𝒆 ( 𝒛 𝟐 )
𝒙𝟏 = 𝒙𝟐
o and
𝑰𝒎 ( 𝒛 𝟏 ) = 𝑰𝒎 ( 𝒛 𝟐 )
𝒚 𝟏= 𝒚 𝟐
Solution #1
(a) Re() = 8 and Re( = 9
(c) + =
=
𝒛 𝟏 = 𝒙𝟏 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚 𝟏 𝒚 𝟐 + 𝒋 𝒙 𝟐 𝒚 𝟏 − 𝒙𝟏 𝒚 𝟐
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝒛𝟐 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚 𝟐 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚 𝟐
MRMA 1st sem / 2021-2022
Complex Number – Part 1
Example #2
Let and . Find
Solution #2
(a) =
=
(b)
o We choose the horizontal axis as the x-axis and is called the real axis
and the vertical axis as the y-axis called the imaginary axis.
Complex Conjugate
𝒛 ∗ = 𝒙 − 𝒋𝒚
o It is obtained geometrically by reflecting the point z in the real axis.
Figure 3 demonstrates this.
𝒙 =𝒓𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
𝒚 =𝒓𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽
∠
MRMA 1st sem / 2021-2022
Complex Number – Part 1
o Geometrically, r is the distance of the point z from the origin. Similarly,
is the distance between and .
𝒂𝒓𝒈 ( 𝒛 ) =𝜽 =𝒂𝒓𝒄𝒕𝒂𝒏 𝒚
𝒙
− 𝜋 < 𝐴𝑟𝑔 𝑧 ≤ 𝜋
o for z 0. For a given complex number, the other values of are
(a) the modulus r, the principal argument and express each in polar form.
(b) All the possible arguments.
Solution #3
For −
(a)
𝜋 < 𝐴𝑟𝑔 𝑧 ≤ 𝜋
1
𝐴𝑟𝑔 𝑧 = 𝜋
4
∠
∠
MRMA 1st sem / 2021-2022
Complex Number – Part 1
For − 𝜋 < 𝐴𝑟𝑔 𝑧 ≤ 𝜋
(a)
∠
∠()
(b)
MRMA 1st sem / 2021-2022
Complex Number – Part 1
∠
∠
(b)
∠)
o Thus, and .
(a) Find the product and the quotient in rectangular form, without
converting to polar form.
(b) Find the product and the quotient by converting first to polar form,
then back to rectangular form.
Solution #4
(a)
∠
𝜋 1
𝜃 =90 ° 𝑥 = 𝜋
∠
180 ° 2
∠
∠
∠
∠)
∠()
𝑧 2 =6 √2 ¿
MRMA 1st sem / 2021-2022
Complex Number – Part 1
∠)
∠()
=𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝑦 =𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜃
) 2 √2 1
𝑦= sin ( 𝜋)
3 4
2 √2 2 √2
= cos ( 45 ) 𝑦 = sin (45 )
3 3
2 2
𝑥= 𝑦 =
3 3
1 2 2
= + 𝑗
2 3 3
Rectangular
𝒛 = 𝒙 + 𝒋𝒚
Polar
𝒛=𝒓 ( 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽 + 𝒋𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝜽 )=𝒓 ∠ 𝜽
Exponential
𝒋 𝜽
𝒛 =𝒓 𝒆