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Sawyer Integrated School

S.Y. 2021-2022
2nd Quarter

Lesson 1
Week 1 The Respiratory System
The respiratory system is used for
breathing. This system takes change of taking in
oxygen which is needed by the body. You need
oxygen every minute of your life. The respiratory
system is called the breath of life for without
oxygen, you will die.
The parts of the respiratory system are the
nose, pharynx, larynx, the windpipe, the bronchi,
the lung, and the diaphragm.
The nose has two opening called nostrils.
The inside of the nostrils is lined with tiny hairs
that keep out some of the particles of dirt or other
foreign bodies that you inhale. These tiny hair-like
structures called cilia cover the mucus membrane
of the nose.
The pharynx is the passage through which air passes from the nose to the larynx or the voice box. The
vocal cords are located in the larynx.
The windpipe or trachea is a tube, four and a half inches long. It lies partly in the neck and partly in the
chest cavity or thorax.
The bronchial tube, also called Y-tube, branches into two – the left bronchus and the right bronchus.
They are connected to the left and right lungs. In the lungs, the bronchus is divided into still smaller tubes
known as bronchial rami; the rami branch off into still small tubes known as bronchioles. At the end of the
bronchioles is an air sac called the alveoli.
A pair of lungs is connected to the bronchi. The lungs are your organs for breathing.
The diaphragm is just below the chest cavity. It is a large dome-shaped muscle. It is attached at the
back to the lower ribs and backbone and in front of the breastbone or sternum.
Breathing refers to the process of
inhaling and exhaling air. A man’s respiratory
system is inside the chest cavity. This is
enclosed by the ribs and the diaphragm. The
diaphragm is the sheet of muscles at the floor
of the cavity. Contraction of the muscles of
the diaphragm makes the air go down, thereby
enlarging the chest cavity.
The air enters the body through the
nostrils or nasal cavities. These cavities are
lined with a mucous membrane. Dust particles
in the air that you inhale stick to the mucous,
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thus, the mucous serves as a filter. Cilia also filters air. The air is also warmed and moistened before it reaches
the other breathing organs.

Learning Task #1

Identify and name the parts of the respiratory system.

1. ___________________
2. ___________________
3. ____________________
4. _____________________
5. ___________________
6. ____________________
7. _____________________
8. ____________________
9. ____________________
10. ____________________
11. ______________________
12. ______________________

Learning Task #2

Answer the following questions.

1. How does posture affect your breathing?

2. How does running affect your breathing?