Ashish Kumar Thakur EXPERIMENT-04

32114206

OBJECTIVE
The working of Schrage motor is to be studied. The effect of injected emf in
electrical machine is to be observed practically. The plot of the variation of
injected emf vs brush angles and speed with brush angles are to be drawn
for both normal and crossed brushes positions separately.

THEORY
Schrage motor is essentially a combination of wound rotor induction motor
and frequency convertor. Schrage motor can be treated as an inverted poly
phase induction motor. Unlike induction motor the primary winding of
Schrage motor is on the rotor. Three phase supply is given to the primary
with the help of 3 slip rings. The secondary winding is on the stator. Apart
from primary and secondary there is a third type of winding called as
tertiary winding which is connected to the commutator. The primary and
tertiary are housed in the same rotor slots and are mutually coupled. The
secondary winding terminals are connected to the commutator via three
sets of movable brushes A1A2, B1B2 and C1C2.The brush position can be
changed by a wheel provided at the back of motor. The angular
displacement between the brushes determines the injected emf into the
secondary winding which is required for speed and power factor control.
There are two positions of brushes given below:

 Normal Brush Position

If the brushes are separated, by means of a mechanical hand wheel, in

such a way that the voltage introduced into the rotor from the
converter winding opposes the secondary emf then it is known as
 normal brush position. The motor runs below the synchronous speed
i.e. sub-synchronous region.

 Crossed Brush Position

If the brushes are separated in such a way that injected voltage in the
rotor aids the secondary induced emf, the motor runs above synchronous
speed i.e. super-synchronous region. The secondary phase winding on stator
are not connected to each other but are connected to brushes as shown in
Fig. 1. Alternate brushes are 120 electrical degrees apart, are mounted on
one brush rocker and on the second brush rocker. The angle between
brushes can be controlled by means of rack and pinion arrangement and
one hand wheel provided outside the motor frame. When the secondary is
short circuited the Schrage motor works as an induction motor.

Following are its major advantages of Schrage motor:

1. Relative good starting and max. Torque for a variable speed motor.

2. Exceeding smooth speed control above and below synchronous speed

3. Extremely high efficiency.

4. Excellent speed regulation

 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED
NAME RANGE REMARK QUANTITY

VOLTMETER 0-150V DC 1
  METHODLOGY OF MEASUREMENT

For Open Circuit Condition:

1. Connect the supply to the primary winding and keep the secondary
terminals open circuited.

2. Connect the multimeter across the open circuited secondary winding.

3. Note down the open circuited injected emf Ej using voltmeter for normal
brush position(72 to 0 degree ) and crossed brush positions (0 to 72 degree).

4. Plot the graph between injected emf vs brush angle for both normal and
crossed position separately.

For Short Circuit Condition:

1. Connect the secondary winding terminals and run the machine.

2. Change the relative brush positions and note the Vdc i.e. output voltage
of tachogenerator.

3. Multiply the voltage of tachogenerator with multiplication factor K to get

the speed in rpm.

4. Plot the graph between speed vs brush angles for both normal and
crossed brush positions separately.
 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
  MACHINE SPECIFICATION

Parameters Ratings
Voltage 400
Rated Current 24
Power Rating(KW) 3.3-10
Speed 700-2100

 MEASUREMENT

1. Open Circuit Conditions:

a) Normal Brushes Position (72 TO 0 DEGREES)

Brush Angle in Degrees Emf Speed

72 20 800
60 22 880
48 24 960
36 26 1040
30 28 1120
24 30 1200
12 32 1280
0 35 1400
b) Crossed Brushes Position (0 to 72 degree)

Brush angle in Degrees EMF Speed

0 35 1400
12 37 1480
24 39 1560
30 41 1640
36 44 1720
48 47 1880
60 49 1960
72 52 2080
2. Short Circuit Conditions:

a) Normal Brushes Position (72 to 0 degree)

Brush angle in Degrees EMF Speed

72 66 2640
60 63.55 2542
48 49 1960
36 34.15 1366
30 24 960
24 18 720
12 8 320
0 0 0

b) Crossed Brushes Position (0 to 72 degree)

Brush angle in Degrees EMF Speed

0 0 0
12 1.1 44
24 9.04 361
30 16 640
36 22.28 893
48 38 1520
60 52 2080
72 60 2400

Calculations:

Multiplication factor for tachogenerator:

25 Volts corresponds to 1000 RPM.

The multiplication factor K = 1000/25=40.

  Precautions:

1. Circuit connections should not be made while power is ON.

2. All connections should be tight and loose connections are to be avoided.

 DISCUSSIONS

Why Schrage motor is known as inverted induction motor?

Schrage motor can be treated as inverted induction motor. Unlike

induction motor primary winding is on the rotor.

 CONCLUSION

The working of Schrage motor was studied. The effect of

injected emf in electrical machine was observed practically.
The plot of the variation of injected emf vs brush angles and
speed with brush angles were plotted.