INVERSION

The form of inversion (V aux + Subject + V ord or ( V + S )

Not only Never

I have seldom heard this beautiful music throughout my life.
Not until Seldom
Seldom have I heard this beautiful music throughout my life.
Not once Rarely

At no time Barely

By no means We have never witnessed such cruel behaviour to children.

Scarcely
Never have we witnessed such cruel behaviour to children.
Nowhere No
sooner

Only in Only You should crack the window

after
and this exit only in an emergency.
Only on Only if
Only in an emergency, Only at Only should you crack the window
and this exit. until
Only by Only
You should call psychologist only if you have a serious
when
problem.
Only once Only
Only if you have a serious Recently problem, should you call
psychologist.

So + The map that we had to ask to police officer was so confusing.

Adjective So confusing was the map that we had to ask to police officer.
So + Ving
So + V3 The problems that we know in Indonesia are so complicated.
“Ving & V3” So complicated are the problems that we know in Indonesia.
(Adjective)

Religious and cultural diversity exists in Indonesia.

Adverb In Indonesia exists religious and cultural diversity.
Of
Place Titik Nol English Course is in front of Danis Bakery.
In front of Danis Bakery is Titik Nol English Course.
 He looks as smart as Habibie (does)
Comparison He looks as smart as does Habibie.
(positive and
She is lazier than her sister (is)
comparative)
She is lazier than is her sister.

CAUSATIVE VERB
We use causative verbs to show that someone or something caused something to happen.
Causative verbs are: get, have, make, let and help.

Make
This means that you force someone/something to do something for you.
Active causative:
S + (Make) + Object + Verb (Bare Infinitive)
e.g : Tini made Rere clean this room.
Passive causative:
Object + be + V3 + by S + to infinitive
e.g: Rere was made by Tini to clean this room.

Have
This means that someone does something for you because you pay or ask them to do it.
Active causative:
S + (Has/Have/Had) + Object1 + Verb (Bare Infinitive) + Object2
e.g : Tini had Rere return her book.
Passive causative:
S + (Has/Have/Had) + Object2 + V3
e.g : Tini had her book returned (by Rere).

Get
This means someone does something for you because you persuade (= encourage, tell them
that you would like them to do something) them to do it.
Active causative:
S + (Get) + Object + Verb (to infinitive)
e.g : Rianti gets Lionel to wash her car. (Rianti menyuruh Lionel mencuci mobilnya)
Passive causative:
S + (Get) + object + Verb (V3)
e.g : Rianti gets her car washed (by Lionel). (Rianti mendapati mobilnya dicuci)

Let
This means that you allow ( = let, give permission to do something) someone to do something
or you allow something to happen.
Active:
S + (Let/Lets) + Object + Verb (Bare Infinitive)
e.g : My mother lets me choose the dress. (Ibu saya mengizinkan saya memilih gaun)

Help
This means that you help ( = assist) someone (to) do something. This structure is most often
used without ‘to’.
Active:
S + Help + Object + (to infinitive)/(bare infinitive)
e.g : Tini helps Rere (to) do her homework.