PAST CONTINOUS TENSE

FORM ( PATTERN )
 Positive : Subject + be(was/were) + V1-ing/present participle
 Negative : Subject + be(was/were) + not + V1-ing/present
participle
 Interrogative : Be(was/were) + Subject +V1-ing/present participle?

USE
 Past continous tense to indicate a stunt occur during certain
moment in the past.
 Criticize action occuring at interval random but actually is a
habitual natural.

EXAMPLES
 I was sleeping when the car crashed my home last night
 The rain pouring heavy when i arrived at home this morning
 She was reading a book while the library was closed
 No, o wasn’t sweeping at that time. But i was doing my home
work
 I was not working at that factory in 2012
 I was not printing the task when the class begun
 were you dancing with my girlfirend when i went to toilet?
 Were you still studying in Oxford University last year?
 Was i snoring when i was sleeping at the theater yesterday?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION

 Who were reading fishing books in the library at the morning?
Agus reading fishing book in the library at the morning
 What were andi and budi doing in the kitchen ?
Andi and budi made fried chicken in the kitchen
 Where was loli booking place for dinner with her family?
Loli booking ferdi’s restaurant for dinner with her family
 SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE
FORM ( PATTERN )
 Verbal Sentence
Positive : Subject + V1 (+s/es) + Object + Adverb
Negative : Subject + do not/does not + V1 + Object + Adverb
Interrogative : Do/Does + Subject + V1 + Object + Adverb ?

Note :
 V1 uses s/es if the subject is singular ( she, he, the boy, the
student, the man, etc )
 V1 uses es if the subject is singular and V1 ended by s, sh,
x, ch, o, and y
 We often use The Adverb of Indefinite Time ( always,
usually, often, sometimes, seldom, ever, never ), and put
them before the main verb
 Nominal Sentence
Positive : Subject + be + Non verbal
Negaative : Subject + be + not + Non verbal
Interrogative : Be + Subject + Non verbal ?

Note : Be ( is, am, are )

USE
 Used to express habitual action
 Used fo dramatic narrative
 Used in conditional senteces type 1
 Used to express the eternal truth
 Use for a planned future action or series of action, particulary
when the refer to a journey
 Used instead of the present continous tense with those verbs
wichh can’t used in it
 Used in time clauses ( Until/till, after, as soon, the sooner,
immediately, whenever, etc )

EXAMPLES
 She always washes her faces before going to bed
 Mother always takes care her chlid every time
 Soccer is the most favorite sport in the world
 I don’t know why you make me cry
 Life is not beautiful without love
  I don’t need your reason coming late
 Do you never drinks tea?
 Does Anita speak English very well?
 Do your parents usually read newspaper in the morning?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION

 The girl’s book is on the table
Whose book is on the table?
 The man saves money in bank
what does the man save in the bank?
 The sky is blue
Why is the sky blue?

PRESENT CONTINOUS TENSE

PATTERN
 Positive : Subject + to be + Ving( present participle )
 Negative : Subject + to be + not + Ving
 Interrogative : To be + Subject + Ving

Note :
 The Adverb of Time usually used : now, right now, this
time, at present time, etc.
 To be can be contracted in the affirmative, negaative, and
negative interrogaative.
I am - I’m I am not - I’m
not
You are - You’re You are not - Youre
not
We are - We’re We are not - We’re
not
They are - They’re Are not they - Aren’t
they
She is - She’s Is not she - Isn’t
she
He is - He’s Is not he - Isn’t
he
USE
 For an action happening now
 For an action happening about this time but not necessarily at the
moment of speaking
 For a definite arrangement in the near future

EXAMPLES
 She doesn’t know if I am spying her
 The day is raining, you have to bring an umbrella
 Don’t speak when your eating, you can got choked
 I am not going any where, I am in home now
 My football team is not playing against Arsenal
 She is not waiting for you, she waiting her friend
 Where are you living now?
 Who is dancing with your girl friend?
 Am I walking too fast?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION

 Roy is sleeping in my brother’s bedroom
Who is sleeping in my brother’s bedroom?
 Roy is sleeping in my brother’s bedroom
Whose bedroom is he sleeping
 Roy is sleeping in my brother’s bedroom
Where is he sleeping?

PRESENT PERFECT TENSSE

PATTERN
 Verbal Sentence
Positive : Subject + have/has + VIII + Object + Adverb
Negative : Subject + have/has + not + VIII+ Object + Adverb
Interrogative : Have/has + Subject + VIII+ Object + Adverb ?

 Nominal sentence
Positive : Subject + have/has + been + Non Verbal
Negative : Subject + have/has + not + been + Non Verbal
Interrogative : Have/has + Subject + been + Non Verbal ?
USE
 Used with just to express a recently completed action
 For recent action when the time is not mentioned
 For action which occur further back in the past
 For an action beginning in the past and still continuing
 For an action bagins in the past and finishes at the moment of
speaking

EXAMPLES
 My grandfather has just gone away due to an accident
 I have told you not to disturb my girlfriend
 You have worked so hard today, you had better take a rest
 I have not watched the newest movie in 21
 She has gone, where as she has not paid her purchase
 I am sorry, i have not read your message
 Have you already finished answering the questions?
 Has Roy purchased all needs for the party?
 Have you already been accepted in Astra Company?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION

 Roy has studied Chinese for one year
Who has studied Chinese for a year?
 Roy has studied Chinese for one year
What has Roy studied for a one year?
 Roy has studied Chinese for one year
How long has Roy studied Chinese?

PAST FUTURE TENSES

FORM (PATTERN)
 Positive :S + would + bare infinitive
S + was/were + going to + bare infinitive
 Negative : S + would + not + bare infinitive
S + was/were + not + going to + bare infinitive
 Interogatif :Would + S + bare infinitive?
Was/were + S + going to + bare infinitive ?
USE
 Past to review stating An action That will be done voluntarily
(would) .
 Past future tense to declare the planned action ( was / were going
to ) .
 Past future tense to be used to make an appointment ( would ) .
 Past future tense to be used to make predictions ( would and was
/ were going to ) .

EXAMPLE
 Heru would forgive you
 Riza was going to made cake for his best friend
 My uncle would come on time
 Rita would not go to the campus because she is sick
 Birda was not going to give t-shirt for his girlfriend
 Rina was not going to drink coffe
 Would you marry me ?
 Was reza going to bring some cake for his friends?
 Would firza came to my house just now?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION

 Radit is going to meet chandra next week
Who is going to meet chandra next week ?
 Vino willwash her hair when she take a bath
What will vino do when she take a bath?
 Budi pick up her mother at supermarket
Where will budi pick up her mother?

PAST PERFECT TENSE

FORM (PATTERN)
 Positive : Subject + had + V3/past participle
 Negative : Subject + had + not + V3/past participle
 Interrogative : had + Subject + V3/past participle

USE
 Showing how often something happened in the past.
 Expressing hope / dream that does not occur
 Used in reported speech after verbs: said , told , asked , thought ,
wondered .
EXAMPLES
 I had locked the door before i leave my home
 She broke my heart after i had given everything i have
 The trucked had crashed a boy
 She had not gone to Amsterdam when I called her
 They had not been here before 1945
 Had they been here before 1945 ?
 Had my father slept when I came?
 Had Budi finished his homework before he went to Kuningan
Plaza?
 Had I eaten before I worked?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION

 Tina had finished setting the dinner table when the guest came
over
Who had finished setting the dinner table when the guest came
over?
 The class had visited the public library every month until 2012
How often had the class visited the public library until 2012?
 Roy had changed his mind ten times before selling his car
What had Roy changed ten times before selling his car?

PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

FORM (PATTERN)
 Postive : Subject + have/has + been + V1-ing/present participle
 Negative : Subject + have/has + not + been + V1-ing/present
participle
 Interrogative : have/has + : Subject +been + V1-ing/present participle?

USE
 Show the action has started in the past and continued until now.
 To show action just finished
 Show action had been finished at a point in which tense followed
relevance to the present
EXAMPLES
 Luna and Ron have been loving to read book.
 She has been bringing many books so she feels heavy now.
 I have been eating Sandwich.
 They have not been studying this lecture.
 I have not been feeding cats.
 They have not been repairing those computers since a hour ago.
 Has she been forcing me to marry him?
 Has he been solving many problems?
 Have they been studying this lecture?

QUESTION WORD QUESTION



PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS TENSE

FORM (PATTERN)
 Positive : Subject + had + been + V1-ing/present participle
 Negative : Subject + had + not + been + V1-ing/present participle
 Interrogative : had + S + been + V1-ing/present participle?

USE
 Tell how long something happens or at a particular time in the
past .
 Show action had been finished at a point in which tense followed
relevance to the present

EXAMPLES
 Mia had been walking
 The labors had been demonstrating
 He had been living in Jakarta about ten years
 The lectures had not been teaching on the physic class
 Bela had not been singing a song in the bathroom
 She had not been singing
 Had They been playing football?
 Had She been singing?
 Had Joh and Merry been loving each other?