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DESIGN ANID ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHMS

uT-5

D i Seunding Funtion.Giue th 4laltmunt


knapack FIFO BB.
A boundinq Funclion:
Boundinguncien it falt wway nding uppey
ad louser boundi or thu opttmal 1olukion w thin a

asible olutton paCe bounding tunchon ate alw

belauet doeknt allbw to ewrate o Aub tra hoat hau

OKnaplatk fIFO BB

FIFO branth Ond bound is th


knaptatk wivng
Mogt Valuabh Aublet tem +hat fit
ddtminatHoo
indermg
ien emu te noan
1 Kapkak uwu

othr welghtu vo and


valuy t

Deriu h bouwding unttton Aum o ubed


Probew
n Y aprelon dHnc Doiie numhars
MYepTLont u Jum 0 l numbtY

olutio0 vectov
euAnt o Hu 4oluto o vector
eplt
lor um o dub Aell PYObkM
boundung Mtion
henhe

han
-X,) tru only
(X,,X
and
X, + M
i-K

W:X; +wem
TET
S. kvit he Contrel Abubvakion e Least Cot t Braneh
Omd Beund
tree
Au el,TSht. pale
CO>Cost juncioo tov thu nodes
lode. in Q trea oe
X
aMbotr Mode
C(x)> Minimum Co 0 aMy

Oi H T0ot (x)
CCT) Cogt o an al wer node l +
M nimum Cot+

C- A heuwi te funcioo hat ndu C()

aer ned Or A ua node oh the tv T,


X an

n Cx)= CLX)

and-bound algori H or h job


ri a branch-
.
oith deadtins proolaro
Aequentdnq

BB-Jobioq )
Alaovithm
A h
int it ip - 0
ETo ode in tl 1)
for (ea th ue
n

E t [it+ +]; n
E-node ucl hat
qyatn Clold nodes o
Culdnodlal lonuider D dit erent obe
diexpmt
0
HoYCeach ild nodu
CoMDu
h Conu detad jobs.
Suhet ontainina
term in S
Number o
U P
i4S
Upper-mi'n all Ucx)'s
4 Cod >Opper og x is lnjeasi bla) Tun kill th node x

elle
tLipe ax
n-

. CoMpare NP-Hard ad NP-Complate Claue

NP-Haxd NP-C6mplota

duid ion Probllm P A Aaid to Adaoion Problam P i Aad


be NPhad, euY problwm to be NP-Comp ut t
io NP-hord reduted to P NP-had and also in +he
in Polunomial time. clak P it &ul.

2. Symbobally+tvaprelanled 2 Sumbelically tte eprelented


a NP, uahete in P;s OsP->NP.
Polunomial not oual to P

3Thle 3 hu prob lemA o prOnt


Drobum
mau cov)May
not be prelantin NPdad inNP dass. (n

l Problo Canmot he redud . Thele problum lam be


veelu Cad to NP-hand
toP- Complote.
Tle h0tdyi n Tho ae Ju haud s n
Compabud to NP-Complit Comparud o NP-hond
Prebluw Problum
6A PY Oper Aolution Can be oblound
6 A preper dolutio9 Can not
to h e pobam by beobainad to u
0aluy robuu by analyL8
Cookt-thsovem.
6 Briy eplain
huovem tats Hhat i P NP, her
Cok'
We inP
Aahspiability
is tn lp. Hu
39 Knout hat Aakc(iab:lily
PNP an Aakiabiy
in P
Vevdoi idalic iability i n P,
And allo vice

+hen P NP
o Proue thi, Q(A,D) has to be formulalad io
alaorith m A aMo
time nondoterwinisha
o levomi al
input .
n and e time
llun +hu lbugth o input
APCo).
Covpluyvity o algoriho
Then u ngth G 0Cpnlogn) OCp"Ch)) and
dutwiminisHe algoriho diuwiinu awd ohahw
4at u 40tstlabl o not
db ovmulale Lg+h m is
olytm) i tima Yeauivad
akiiabl e n u lomplavity o alovi#hm O
OCpCn) loan + p' tn) loq n ),
Han ha omplexiy a Polynomial
te
4 P, is at'stiabla
to Crln)).
ownCtron ill
in, thun delomin'she
leua, i aobiuy i ound
a

be bblauned fov
eatk o; h o vendekr
D in ? Cam
A in NP.
Minigie algovi hm
s i n P hen
Thul, i aiseabiby
PP

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