Liseth Mena Morales.

Derecho II- A Mñn

Task 1. Read the paragraph. Then read the statements and circle the correct
answer.

Rita Levi-Montalcini was born in Turin, Italy, on April 22, 1909. Her father
subscribed to the belief that women should be wives and mothers, but Levi-
Montalcini, knowing that she didn’t want to marry, pleaded to be allowed to study
medicine. When her father relented, she entered the University of Turin. Levi-
Montalcini graduated with a degree in medicine and surgery in 1936. She then
worked at the university, during which time she learned a technique for silver
staining nerve cells that made the cells clearly visible under a microscope.

Before and During World War II

In 1938, Benito Mussolini instituted laws in Italy that decreed that people with
Jewish heritage, like Levi-Montalcini, could no longer work at universities or in most
professions, including medicine. At first frustrated, Levi-Montalcini proceeded to set
up a lab in her bedroom, where she used surgical instruments made out of
sharpened sewing needles.

Inspired by American embryologist Viktor Hamburger's article about nerve

development in chicken embryos, Levi-Montalcini used her silver staining
technique to trace nerve growth in such embryos herself. She worked throughout
World War II, even when bombing forced Levi-Montalcini and her family to leave
Turin for the countryside. When the war ended, she served as a doctor in a refugee
camp before returning to the University of Turin. But her life changed course when
Hamburger, having seen papers that Levi-Montalcini had published, invited her to
visit Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri.

Professional Success

Rita Levi-Montalcini arrived in America in 1947. Planning to stay for short time, she
ended up becoming a professor at Washington University and holding dual
citizenship with the United States and Italy.

In Viktor Hamburger's lab, Levi-Montalcini saw that a mouse tumor had spurred
nerve growth after being grafted onto a chicken embryo. A scientist who had no
problems heeding her intuition, Levi-Montalcini adapted the experiment, placing the
tumor so that it would only share the blood supply of a chicken embryo. She saw
the same increased growth. After repeating the results with nerve tissue that she
had cultivated in Brazil, Levi-Montalcini then began working with Stanley Cohen, a
biochemist at Washington University. Together, they isolated nerve growth factor, a
protein that promotes nerve growth in nearby developing cells.
Nobel Prize and Legacy

Though the scientific community did not appreciate the importance of nerve growth
factor at first, they came to realize that it, along with other growth factors that were
discovered later, offered possible treatments for conditions such as Alzheimer's
disease, infertility and cancer. For their discovery of nerve growth factor, Rita Levi-
Montalcini and Stanley Cohen were awarded the 1986 Nobel Prize for physiology
or medicine.

Levi-Montalcini did not rest on her laurels after winning a Nobel Prize. Having
already helped establish the Institute of Cell Biology in Rome, Italy, in 1962, she
went on to create an educational foundation in 1992 and set up the European Brain
Research Institute in 2002. Even toward the end of her life, Levi-Montalcini
continued conducting research every day. She died in Rome, Italy, on December
30, 2012, at the age of 103.

Answer the questions from 1 to 15. Choose one option.

1. What did her father think about women?

a. Women must be home.
b. Women must be professionals.
c. Women must be surgeons.
d. Women must go to the university.

2. What did Rita decide to do?

a. To study at the University of Turin.
b. To study law and participate in politics
c. To learn some study techniques.
d. To work with Benito Mussolini.

3. How old was Rita when Benito Mussolini instituted some laws about
Jewish people?
a. 20 years old.
b. 24 years old.
c. 29 years old.
d. 30 years old.

4. What happened to people with Jewish heritage in Italy before and during
World War II?
a. They couldn´t study at the universities.
b. They couldn´t work at the universities.
c. They could set up a lab in their bedrooms.
d. They should be wives and mothers.

5. What university was she invited to?

a. University of Turin.
b. University of St Louis.
c. University of Washington.
d. University of Rome.

6. Who inspired Rita?

a. Benito Mussolini.
b. Her father.
c. Viktor Hamburger.
d. Stanley Cohen.

7. What city did Rita NOT live in?

a. Rome.
b. Washington.
c. Turin.
d. St Louis.

8. Why did Rita face so many difficulties in his youth?

a. Because she was Italian.
b. Because she had a dual citizenship.
c. Because she had a Jewish heritage.
d. Because she was American and Italian.

9. What did she use her silver staining technique for?

a. To publish an article on experiments with embryos.
b. To make the cells less visible under a microscope.
c. To trace nerve growth in chicken embryos.
d. To heed her intuition and conduct experiments.

10. How old was Rita when she was awarded the Nobel Prize?
a. 85 years of age.
b. 75 years of age.
c. 77 years of age.
d. 78 years of age.

11. Throughout her lifetime Rita

a. never appreciated the importance of nerve growth factor, at first.
b. rested on her incredible scientific laurels.
c. created educational foundations and research institutes among others.
d. helped to establish refugee camps for Jewish people.

12. What happened to Rita at the end of her life?

a. She went to live with her family in the countryside in Italy.
b. She went to Brazil to work with Viktor Hamburger.
c. She had Alzheimer.
d. She continued conducting research.

13. According to the text, who was Stanley Cohen?

a. Her colleague.
b. Her husband.
c. Her teacher.
d. Her doctor.

14. What did she help to establish in 1962?

a. The European Brain research Institute.
b. The Institute of Cell Biology in Turin.
c. An educational foundation.
d. The institute of cell Biology in Rome.

15. The main idea of this passage is:

a. Rita was a lovely wife and mother.
b. Rita was a famous female scientist
c. Rita worked for the University of Turin.
d. Rita worked with animals and got an award

Answer the following questions:

1. What is ____________ movie you have ever seen?

a. funny
b. funnier
c. the funniest
d. the funny

2. ____________ any milk in the fridge?

a. There are
b. There is
c. Are there
d. Is there

3. ___________ so many kids at Quentin's party.

a. There weren't
b. There wasn't
c. There not were
d. There not was

4. hungry/ in/ I/ the/ never/ am/ morning.

a. I never am hungry in the morning
b. I am hungry never in the morning
c. I am never hungry in the morning
d. I am hungry in the morning never

5. on/ I/ often/ tennis/ play/ Sundays

a. I often play tennis on Sundays
b. I play often tennis on Sundays
c. Often I play on tennis Sundays
d. I play tennis on Sundays often

6. __________ hundreds of trees here.

a. There wasn't
b. There was
c. There were
d. Were there

7. That movie was bad, but it wasn't _________ I have ever seen.
a. baddest
b. worsest
c. worse
d. the worst

8. I think Mary is _______________ woman I have ever seen.

a. beautiful
b. the most beautiful
c. the beautifulest
d. the beautifuler

9. _________ any sugar by the coffee stand, could I please have some?
a. There wasn't
b. There were not
c. There not was

10. ___________ three men in the garden.

a. There are
b. There is
c. There was

11. Young people learn ________________.

a. easily and quickly
b. easy and quick

12. I tasted the soup ______ because it was very _______.

a. careful / hotly
b. carefully / hot

13. China is _____________ country I have visited

a. the biggest
b. the most bigger
c. the most biggest
d. the bigger

14. ____________ a book about computers in the library.

a. There is’nt
b. There’s not
c. There aren’t

15. You will have ____ twenty minutes to finish the exam.
a. exact
b. exactly