MSE 221

MSE 221 – Fundamentals of

Materials science

Dr. Ahmed Hassanin

Materials Science and Engineering Department
Fall 2021
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• Get to know each other

• Important concepts

• Semester plan
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Dr. Ahmed Hassanin

Materials science and engineering department
Email: ahmed.hassanin@ejust.edu.eg

Textbook:
“Materials Science and Engineering –An Introduction”
William D. Callister, John Wiley & Sons
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Assessment:
 Final exam (40 %),
 Midterm exam (30 %),
 Class activities (30 %): Quizzes , Attendance and
Assignments.

Attendance Policy:
• At least 75 % of the total lectures
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Historical Perspective of Materials Science

Materials have historically defined the level of societal

development and development of materials with new
capabilities have allowed major technological advances

• Stone Age
• Bronze Age
• Iron Age
• Now Advanced ages? Silicon Age? Composites Age? Biomaterials
Age?
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Materials Science and Engineering Discipline

Processing Structure Properties Performance

The four components of the discipline of materials science and

engineering
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Materials Science and Engineering Discipline

Polycrystal
Single Crystal
Polycrystal-high porosity

Aluminum Oxide,
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Classification of Materials

Metals:
metallic bonding strong, high modulus,
ductile, medium to high Tmp, high
thermal and electrical conductivity
crystalline, opaque, reflective
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Classification of Materials

Ceramics:
Ionic and covalent bonding metallic+non-
metallic element compounds (oxides,
carbides, etc.) brittle, crystalline or
amorphous, high Tmp, strong, high modulus,
electrically and thermally insulating
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Classification of Materials

Polymers:
covalent and van der Waals bonding
soft, ductile, low strength, low modulus,
low density, thermal and electrical
insulators, optically translucent or
transparent.
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Classification of Materials

Composites

Metals Polymers

Ceramics
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Advanced Materials

Semiconductors
Semiconductors have electrical properties that are intermediate between the
electrical conductors (metals and metal alloys) and insulators (ceramics and
polymers)

Biomaterials
Could be metal, or
ceramics or polymers
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Materials of the Future

Smart Materials

Nanoengineered Materials
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Comparison of Materials Classes

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Comparison of Materials Classes

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Comparison of Materials Classes

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Comparison of Materials Classes

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Hip Implant
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NASA Scientific Balloon

Balloon Program Office (BPO)

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NASA Scientific Balloon

Pumpkin Balloon

Total length 85,000 m

Tendons made from PBO
σ =p r / 2t
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Summary
• Materials can be grouped into distinct classes, with the
differences in properties for materials within a class
often smaller than the differences in properties between
materials classes
• Relationships exists between processing, microstructure,
properties and Performance
• Development of new and improved technologies are
enabled by development of new and improved materials