take (sth) into teɪk (*) ˈɪntə important when you are making a We will take your recent

a We will take your recent illness into

consideration when marking your

consideration noun phrase kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃən decision or judgement exams. 1B - It's live!

to remember and talk about things that Stop harking back to the past and start

hark back phrasal verb hɑːk bæk happened in the past looking to the future. 1B - It's live!

to go somewhere with someone,

especially when they have not asked

you Susan's little sister tagged along with us

tag along phrasal verb tæɡ əˈlɒŋ to go with them everywhere we went. 1B - It's live!

get your teeth into ɡet jə tiːθ ˈɪntə to start to do something with a lot of I can’t wait to get my teeth into the new

(sth) phrase (*) energy and determination course. 1B - It's live!

the quality of being determined and firm He showed great ruthlessess in dealing 1A - Have you got

ruthlessness noun ˈruːθləsnəs when making unpleasant decisions with his enemies. what it takes?

to enjoy or be successful in a
particular Unlike most of us, she seems to thrive on

pressure. 1B - It's live!

situation, especially one that other

thrive on (sth) phrasal verb θraɪv ɒn (*) people find difficult or unpleasant

1
I was disappointed by the mediocrity of A - Have you got

mediocrity noun ˌmiːdiˈɒkrəti the state of not being very good the food at the hotel. what it takes?
 if a business, project etc is Rising costs mean the project is no longer
kəˈmɜːʃəli commercially 1A - Have you got

commercially viable noun phrase ˈvaɪəbəl viable, it will make a profit commercially viable. what it takes?

if a plan, project etc is brought to

fruition,
Many people have worked together to 1A - Have you got

brɪŋ (*) tə it is successfully put into action and

bring this scheme to fruition. what it takes?

bring (sth) to fruition phrase fruˈɪʃən completed, often after a long process

2016 Pearson Schweiz AG

Wordlist Expert Proficiency

Word Part of speech Pron Definition Example Unit

1A - Have you got

tatty adjective ˈtæti in bad condition a few tatty old chairs what it takes?

someone who is jaded is no longer

interested in or excited by something,

The concert should satisfy even the

usually because they have experienced most 1A - Have you got

jaded adjective ˈdʒeɪdəd too much of it jaded critic. what it takes?

1A - Have you got

notorious adjective nəʊˈtɔːriəs famous or well known for something badnotorious cases of human rights abuses what it takes?

to do something with a lot of energy and Cindy’s not a great player, but she really1A - Have you got

hustle verb ˈhʌsəl determination hustles. what it takes?

the ability to become strong, happy, or

successful again after a difficult situationPeople showed remarkable resilience 1A - Have you got

resilience noun rɪˈzɪliəns or event during the war. what it takes?

something that is necessary before A reasonable proficiency in English is a 1A - Have you got

prerequisite noun priːˈrekwəzət something else can happen or be done prerequisite for the course. what it takes?
 relating to clothes, especially the style of

clothes that a man wears – used 1A - Have you got

sartorial adjective sɑːˈtɔːriəl especially humorously a man of great sartorial elegance what it takes?

1A - Have you got

lousy adjective ˈlaʊzi of very bad quality What lousy weather! what it takes?

a period during which the level of

something does not change, especially 1A - Have you got

plateau noun ˈplætəʊ after a period when it was increasing Inflation rates have reached a plateau. what it takes?

an innate quality or ability is something Children have an innate ability to learn 1A - Have you got

innate adjective ˌɪˈneɪt you are born with language. what it takes?

a situation in which it is very difficult to

decide what to do, because all the

choices seem equally good or equally 1A - Have you got

dilemma noun dəˈlemə bad a moral dilemma what it takes?

2016 Pearson Schweiz AG

Wordlist Expert Proficiency

Word Part of speech Pron Definition Example Unit

1
A - Have you got

acclaimed adjective əˈkleɪmd publicly praised by a lot of people His work was critically acclaimed. what it takes?

1
behaviour that hides someone’s real A thin veneer of politeness hid Lady A - Have you got

veneer noun vəˈnɪə character or feelings Bride’s growing anger. what it takes?

a film or programme that shows

pictures,

1
clay models etc that seem to be really A - Have you got

animated adjective ˈænəmeɪtəd moving an animated Disney film what it takes?

to do something or behave in the same

way as someone else, especially 1

because He hoped to emulate the success of A - Have you got

emulate verb ˈemjəleɪt you admire them Wilder. what it takes?

a job or activity that is lucrative lets you He inherited a lucrative business from his 1A - Have you got

lucrative adjective ˈluːkrətɪv earn a lot of money father. what it takes?

The new exams will only add to the

having a lot of problems and not enoughworkload of already hard-pressed

hard-pressed adjective hɑːdprest money or time teachers. 1B - It's live!

He can do a passable imitation of the

passable adjective ˈpɑːsəbəl fairly good, but not excellent maths teacher. 1B - It's live!

to reduce or prevent the bad effect of

something, by doing something that has They gave him drugs to counteract his

counteract verb ˌkaʊntərˈækt the opposite effect withdrawal symptoms. 1B - It's live!

certain to happen and impossible to A further escalation of the crisis now

inevitable adjective ɪˈnevətəbəl avoid seems inevitable. 1B - It's live!

spending a lot of time sitting down, and health problems caused by our

sedentary adjective ˈsedəntəri not moving or exercising very much sedentary lifestyles 1B - It's live!

hilarious adjective hɪˈleəriəs extremely funny a hilarious story 1B - It's live!

special skills or knowledge in a

particular
What he’s bringing to the company is

subject, that you learn by experience financial expertise. 1B - It's live!

or

expertise noun ˌekspɜːˈtiːz training

2016 Pearson Schweiz AG
Wordlist Expert Proficiency

Word Part of speech Pron Definition Example Unit

a few occasions, days etc that happen

at

various times but not often and not

odd adjective ɒd regularly I take the odd day off work. 1B - It's live!

mutual feelings such as respect, trust,

or

hatred are feelings that two or more Mutual respect is necessary for any

mutual adjective ˈmjuːtʃuəl people have for each other partnership to work. 1B - It's live!

a complete range of opinions, people,

situations etc, going from one extreme to The two articles here represent
opposite

spectrum noun ˈspektrəm its opposite ends of the spectrum. 1B - It's live!

the special quality or part that gives Basho’s poems capture the true soul of

soul noun səʊl something its true character old Japan. 1B - It's live!
 the use of movements to express what

you want to say without using words, or

a

play where the actors use only The children learn through role-play,

mime noun maɪm movements dance and mime. 1B - It's live!

The work’s too easy. The students

to make someone use all of their skill, aren’t

stretch verb stretʃ abilities, or intelligence being stretched enough. 1B - It's live!

wail verb weɪl to make a long high sound The wind wailed in the chimney. 1B - It's live!

mediocrity
noun
UK 
 /ˌmiː.diˈɒk.rə.ti/ US 
 /ˌmiː.diˈɑː.krə.t̬ i/
 
C2 [ U  ]
the quality of being not very good:

A  goal  just before  half-time  rescued the  match from mediocrity.

sth knows no bounds
formal
 
If someone has a quality that knows no bounds, it is extreme:

Her generosity knows no bounds.

jump down sb's throat
informal
 
to react angrily to something that someone says or does:

I made the mildest  of  criticisms  and he  jumped  down my throat.

leap at something
— phrasal verb with leap verb [ I/T  ]
US 
 /lip/
past tense and past participle leaped US/lipt, lept/ leapt US/lept/
 
to accept an opportunity quickly and eagerly:

I leapt at the chance to go to the concert.

by leaps and bounds

 
very quickly:

The  company  is  growing  by  leaps and bounds this  year.

out-of-bounds
adjective, adverb [ not gradable  ]
 ( also out of bounds)
US/ˈoʊt·əvˈbaʊndz/
 
(in sports) not within the playing area:

The  ball was  ruled  out of bounds.

The  ball went out-of-bounds.

  out-of-bounds
 
If something is out-of-bounds, it is beyond the usual limits of acceptable behavior or the usual standards:

The  President  claimed  the Senator's comments were out of  bounds  and  damaging  to  reform.

dress rehearsal
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈdres rɪˌhɜː.səl/ US 
 /ˈdres rɪˌhɝː.səl/
 
the last time a theatre work is practised before the real performance, when it is performed with the clothes, stage, and lighting exactly as they will
be for the real performance

the limelight
noun [ S  ]
UK 
 /ˈlaɪm.laɪt/ US 
 /ˈlaɪm.laɪt/
 
public attention and interest:
She's been  in  the limelight recently,  following  the release of her  controversial  new  film.

backing vocals in British English

(ˈbækɪŋ ˈvəʊkəlz)
PLURAL NOUN

a vocal accompaniment for a pop singer
Sharon also sang backing vocals for Barry Manilow.

stage fright
noun [ U  ]
UK 
 /ˈsteɪdʒ ˌfraɪt/ US 
 /ˈsteɪdʒ ˌfraɪt/
 
Actors or performers who have stage fright are nervous because they are about to perform.

standing ovation
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˌstæn.dɪŋ əʊˈveɪ.ʃən/ US 
 /ˌstæn.dɪŋ oʊˈveɪ.ʃən/
 
an occasion when the people in an audience stand up to clap at the end of a performance or speech because they liked it very much:

She received a  standing ovation at the end of her  speech.

on cue
 
If something happens on cue, it happens just after someone has said or thought it would happen:

I was just wondering where Sarah was, when, right  on cue, she came in.

Emotional recall- Emotional recall is bringing back to memory any event in your previous experiences that have triggered certain emotions that your present character
demands. 

curtain call
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈkɜː.tən ˌkɔːl/ US 
 /ˈkɝː.t̬ ən ˌkɑːl/
 
the part at the end of a performance when actors come to the front of the stage and the people watching clap to show their enjoyment

understudy
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈʌn.dəˌstʌd.i/ US 
 /ˈʌn.dɚˌstʌd.i/
 
an actor who learns the parts of other actors in a play, so that he or she can replace them if necessary, for example if they are ill:

An understudy took over for the rest of the  performance  and the evening  show.
Understudies never know  when they might have to go on.

soundtrack
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈsaʊnd.træk/ US 
 /ˈsaʊnd.træk/
 
B2
the sounds, especially the music, of a film, or a separate recording of this:

The  best  thing about the  movie  is  its soundtrack.

playwright
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈpleɪ.raɪt/ US 
 /ˈpleɪ.raɪt/
 
a person who writes plays

overact
verb [ I  or T  ]
   disapproving
UK 
 /ˌəʊ.vəˈrækt/ US 
 /ˌoʊ.vɚˈækt/
 
to make your voice and movements express emotions too strongly when acting in a play, etc.

screenwriter
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈskriːnˌraɪ.tər/ US 
 /ˈskriːnˌraɪ.t̬ ɚ/
 
someone who writes the story for a film
backstage
adjective, adverb
UK 
 /bækˈsteɪdʒ/ US 
 /bækˈsteɪdʒ/
 
in the area behind the stage in a theatre, especially the rooms in which actors change their clothes or where equipment is kept:

We went backstage after the show to meet the  actors.

backstage workers

preview
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈpriː.vjuː/ US 
 /ˈpriː.vjuː/
 
an opportunity to see something such as a film or a collection of works of art before it is shown to the public, or a description of something such
as a television programme before it is shown to the public

 
short parts of a television show or film that are shown to the public in order to advertise it

adaptation: a film, book, play, etc. that has been made from another film, book, play, etc.:

Last  year he starred  in the  film adaptation of Bill Cronshaw's best-selling novel.

lyricist
noun [ C  ]
   MUSIC
UK 
 /ˈlɪr.ɪ.sɪst/ US 
 /ˈlɪr.ə.sɪst/
 
someone who writes words for songs, especially pop songs

misinterpret
verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /ˌmɪs.ɪnˈtɜː.prət/ US 
 /ˌmɪs.ɪnˈtɝː.prət/
 
C2
to form an understanding that is not correct of something that is said or done:

My  speech  has been misinterpreted by the  press.

When we re-examined the regulations, we realized that we had misinterpreted them.

collaboration
noun

UK 

 /kəˌlæb.əˈreɪ.ʃən/ US 

 /kəˌlæb.əˈreɪ.ʃən/

collaboration noun (WORKING WITH)
 
C1 [ C or U ]

the situation of two or more people working together to create or achieve the same thing:

The two playwrights  worked  in  close collaboration (with  each other) on the  script.

The new  airport  is a collaboration between  two of the best architects in the country.

Go off-  

If a special signal or an electronic device goes off, it warns people that there is danger or that something is wrong:

What do they do if the  metal  detector  goes off?

(Definicja   go off  z  Cambridge Academic Co - PHONE

hard-pressed
adjective
UK 
 /ˌhɑːdˈprest/ US 
 /ˌhɑːrdˈprest/
 
having a lot of difficulties doing something, especially because there is not enough time or money:

The  latest education  reforms have put extra pressure on teachers who are already hard-pressed.

counteract
verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /ˌkaʊn.tərˈækt/ US 
 /ˌkaʊn.t̬ ɚˈækt/
 
to reduce or remove the effect of something unwanted by producing an opposite effect:

Drinking a lot of water counteracts the dehydrating effects of hot  weather.

sedentary
adjective
UK 
 /ˈsed.ən.tər.i/ US 
 /ˈsed.ən.ter.i/
 
C2
involving little exercise or physical activity:

a sedentary  job/occupation
My  doctor says I should start  playing sport because my lifestyle  is too sedentary.

tag along
— phrasal verb with tag verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /tæɡ/ US 
 /tæɡ/
-gg-
informal
 
to go somewhere with a person or group, usually when they have not asked you to go with them:

I don't know  her, she just  tagged  along  with us.

hark back
 
to remember or to cause someone to remember something from the past:

The director’s  latest film  harks  back to the era of silent  movies.

passable
adjective

UK 

 /ˈpɑː.sə.bəl/ US 

 /ˈpæs.ə.bəl/

passable adjective (GO PAST)
 

possible to travel on:

Because of the heavy snow, roads in the area  were passable only with  care.

satisfactory but not excellent:

Mary can speak passable Russian.

See More

Znaczenie słowa  thrive w języku angielskim

 

thrive
verb [ I ]

UK 

 /θraɪv/ US 

 /θraɪv/

thrived or US also throve | thrived or US also thriven

C1

to grow, develop, or be successful:

His business  thrived in the years before the  war.

She seems  to thrive on  stress.

get your teeth into sth
 
to deal with something or become involved in something with great energy and enthusiasm:

I'm so  bored at work, I  wish they'd give me something I could really get my  teeth  into.

deafening
adjective
UK 
 /ˈdef.ən.ɪŋ/ US 
 /ˈdef.ən.ɪŋ/
 
extremely loud:

The  music was deafening.

discordant
adjective
UK 
 /dɪˈskɔː.dənt/ US 
 /dɪˈskɔːr.dənt/
 
producing an unpleasant sound

harmonious
adjective

UK 

 /hɑːˈməʊ.ni.əs/ US 

 /hɑːrˈmoʊ.ni.əs/

harmonious adjective (MUSIC)
 

having a pleasant tune or harmony

mind-blowing
adjective
   informal
UK 
 /ˈmaɪndˌbləʊ.ɪŋ/ US 
 /ˈmaɪndˌbloʊ.ɪŋ/
 
extremely exciting or surprising:

The  special  effects in this  film are pretty mind-blowing.

rhythmic
adjective
UK 
 /ˈrɪð.mɪk/ US 
 /ˈrɪð.mɪk/
( also rhythmical)
 
A rhythmic sound has a regular movement or beat that is repeated:

the rhythmic  sound of the  train

soothing
adjective

UK 

 /ˈsuː.ðɪŋ/ US 

 /ˈsuː.ðɪŋ/

soothing adjective (LESS ANGRY)
 

C2
making you feel calm:

I put on some nice soothing  music.

Her words had a soothing  effect

uplifting
adjective
UK 
 /ʌpˈlɪf.tɪŋ/ US 
 /ʌpˈlɪf.tɪŋ/
 
making someone feel better:

For me it was a  marvellously uplifting performance.

Moving: causing strong feelings of sadness or sympathy:

a very moving  story

I find  some of Brahms's music  deeply  moving.

upbeat
adjective
   informal
UK 
 /ʌpˈbiːt/ /ˈʌp.biːt/ US 
 /ʌpˈbiːt/ /ˈʌp.biːt/
 
full of hope, happiness, and good feelings:

Live  music and a  parade set an upbeat  mood  for the  official  opening.

stint
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /stɪnt/ US 
 /stɪnt/
 
a fixed or limited period of time spent doing a particular job or activity:

He has just  finished  a stint of compulsory  military service.

Perhaps her most productive period  was her five-year stint as a foreign correspondent in New York.

line up
— phrasal verb with line verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /laɪn/ US 
 
[ I  ]
to stand in a line:

Thousands of  people  lined  up to  buy tickets on opening  night.

 
to show your support for a person or idea:

line up behind sb/sth A series of state  and  national leaders has  lined  up behind her fledgling  candidacy.

line up in support of sb/sth Despite the public's  outrage, officers of the  company  have lined up in  support of the  policy.

comeback
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈkʌm.bæk/ US 
 /ˈkʌm.bæk/
 
C1
an attempt to become famous, powerful, or important again after a period of being much less famous, etc.:

She's  trying  to  make a  comeback with her first  album for 20  years.

have come a long way

 
to have advanced to an improved or more developed state:

Information  technology  has come a long way in the last 20  years.

acquire
verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /əˈkwaɪər/ US 
 /əˈkwaɪɚ/
 
B2
to get or buy something:

He acquired the firm in 2008.

I was wearing a  newly/recently acquired jacket.
I  seem to have acquired  (= have got although I don't  know how)  two copies of this book.
He has acquired a  reputation  for being difficult to work with.

asset
noun
UK 
 /ˈæs.et/ US 
 /ˈæs.et/
 
C1 [ C  ]
a useful or valuable quality, skill, or person:

He'll be a great asset  to  the team.

Her eyes are her  best  asset (= most attractive feature).
Knowledge of  languages  is a real asset in this sort of work.

assert
verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /əˈsɜːt/ US 
 /-ˈsɝːt/
  assert yourself
 
C2
to behave in a way that expresses your confidence, importance, or power and earns you respect from others:

I really must assert myself more in  meetings.

to state an opinion or claim a right forcefully:

[ + that clause ] The companies have asserted that everything they did was  appropriate.

 
To assert is also to behave in a way that shows power, authority, or control:

Several members  of  Congress  called upon the  president to assert leadership.

tuition
noun [ U  ]
UK 
 /tʃuːˈɪʃ.ən/ US 
 /tuːˈɪʃ.ən/
 
C1 mainly UK
teaching, especially when given to a small group or one person, such as in a college or university:

All  students receive tuition in logic and metaphysics.

denouement
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /deɪˈnuː.mɒ̃/ US 
 /deɪˈnuː.mɑ̃ː/
 
the end of a story, in which everything is explained, or the end result of a situation

rave review: a report in which someone gives an excellent opinion of the quality of a book, performance, product, etc. The movie received rave reviews.

box office
noun
UK 
 /ˈbɒks ˌɒf.ɪs/ US 
 /ˈbɑːks ˌɑː.fɪs/
 
[ C  ]
the place in a cinema or theatre where tickets are sold:

The  box office  opens at ten.

 
[ S  or U  ]
a measure of how popular and financially successful a film or actor is:

Her last  movie  was a surprise  box-office hit.

the silver screen

noun [ S  ]
   literary
UK 
 /ˌsɪl.və ˈskriːn/ US 
 /ˌsɪl.vɚ ˈskriːn/
 
the film industry:

the stars  of the silver screen

curl
verb [ I  or T  ]
UK 
 /kɜːl/ US 
 /kɝːl/
 
to make something into the shape of a curl, or to grow or change into this shape:

Does your  hair  curl naturally, or is it permed?

A new baby  will automatically curl  its fingers  round any  object  it  touches.

expand
verb [ I  or T  ]
UK 
 /ɪkˈspænd/ US 
 /ɪkˈspænd/
 
B2
to increase in size, number, or importance, or to make something increase in this way:

The  air  in the  balloon  expands when  heated.

They expanded their  retail operations during the 1980s.

stretch
verb

UK 

 /stretʃ/ US 

 /stretʃ/

stretch verb (REACH)
 

B2 [ T usually + adv/prep ]

to cause something to reach, often as far as possible, in a particular direction:

I  tripped  on a piece  of  wire that someone had stretched  across the  path.

She stretched out her  hand and helped him from his chair.

hobble
verb
UK 

 /ˈhɒb.əl/ US 

 /ˈhɑː.bəl/

hobble verb (WALK)
 

[ I usually + adv/prep ]

to walk in an awkward way, usually because the feet or legs are injured:

The last time I saw  Rachel she was hobbling around with a stick.

saunter
verb [ I  usually  + adv/prep  ]
UK 
 /ˈsɔːn.tər/ US 
 /ˈsɑːn.t̬ ɚ/
 
to walk in a slow and relaxed way, often in no particular direction:

He sauntered  by,  looking very pleased  with himself.

stride
verb [ I  usually  + adv/prep  ]
UK 
 /straɪd/ US 
 /straɪd/
strode | stridden
 
to walk somewhere quickly with long steps:
She strode  purposefully up to the  desk  and  demanded to speak to the  manager.
He strode across/into/out of  the room.

hoist
verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /hɔɪst/ US 
 /hɔɪst/
 
to lift something heavy, sometimes using ropes or a machine:

A  helicopter hoisted the  final  section of the  bridge into  place.

With some difficulty  he hoisted her onto his  shoulders.
I  scrabbled for a  handhold and hoisted myself up.

pile
verb

UK 

 /paɪl/ US 

 /paɪl/

pile verb (OBJECTS)
 

[ I or T, + adv/prep ]

( also pile up)
to arrange objects into a pile:

We piled plenty of logs up  next to the fire.

Please pile  your homework books neatly on  the table  as you leave.

winch
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /wɪntʃ/ US 
 /wɪntʃ/
( also windlass)
 
a machine that lifts heavy objects by turning a chain or rope around a tube-shaped device:

Winches  powered  by  electric motors launched the  gliders into the air.

This  old steam  winch was used to  pull things up on shore in  days  gone by.

amble
verb [ I  usually  + adv/prep  ]
UK 
 /ˈæm.bəl/ US 
 /ˈæm.bəl/
 
to walk in a slow and relaxed way:

He was ambling along the  beach.

She ambled down  the street,  stopping occasionally to look in the shop  windows.

clamber
verb [ I  usually  + adv/prep  ]
UK 
 /ˈklæm.bər/ US 
 /ˈklæm.bɚ/
 
to climb up, across, or into somewhere with difficulty, using the hands and the feet:

They clambered over/up  the rocks.

I clambered  into/onto the  bus.
She clambered into  bed.

trudge
verb [ I  usually  + adv/prep  ]
UK 
 /trʌdʒ/ US 
 /trʌdʒ/
 
C2
to walk slowly with a lot of effort, especially over a difficult surface or while carrying something heavy:

We trudged back up the hill.

I'd had to trudge through the  snow.

glide
verb

UK 

 /ɡlaɪd/ US 

 /ɡlaɪd/
glide verb (MOVE)
 

[ I usually + adv/prep ]

to move easily without stopping and without effort or noise:

She came gliding gracefully into the ballroom in a  long, flowing gown.

I  love  my new  pen  - it just glides  across/over the paper.

skid
verb [ I  ]
UK 
 /skɪd/ US 
 /skɪd/
-dd-
 
(especially of a vehicle) to slide along a surface so that you have no control:

Tony's car  skidded  on some ice and hit a  tree.

sprint
verb [ I  ]
UK 
 /sprɪnt/ US 
 /sprɪnt/
 
to run as fast as you can over a short distance, either in a race or because you are in a great hurry to get somewhere:

We had to sprint to  catch the  bus.

slide
verb

UK 

 /slaɪd/ US 

 /slaɪd/

slid | slid

slide verb (MOVE)
 

B2 [ I or T ]

to (cause to) move easily and without interruption over a surface:

When I was little I used to like sliding on the polished  floor in my  socks.

twirl
verb [ I  or T  ]
UK 
 /twɜːl/ US 
 /twɝːl/
 
[ T  ]
to turn something quickly several times:

He twirled the ribbon  around the  stick.

He twirled his umbrella  as he  walked.
She twirled her  baton high in the air as she  led the  parade.

 
[ I , usually  + adv/prep  ]
to give a sudden quick turn or set of turns in a circle:

She danced and twirled across  the room.

The  dancers hopped  and  wiggled and twirled around the  stage.

boast
verb

UK 

 /bəʊst/ US 

 /boʊst/

boast verb (SPEAK PROUDLY)
 

B2 [ I or T ] disapproving

to speak too proudly or happily about what you have done or what you own:

He didn't talk  about his  exam  results in  case  people  thought he was boasting.

Parents  enjoy boasting  about  their children's achievements.

turn out
— phrasal verb with turn verb

UK 
 /tɜːn/ US 

 /tɝːn/

(HAPPEN)

B2

to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result, especially an unexpected one:

As events  turned  out, we were  right to have decided  to  leave early.

How did the  recipe turn  out?

If people turn out for an event, they go to be there or to watch:

Thousands of  people  turned  out to welcome  the team home.

Porównaj

gain ground
 
C1
If a political party or an idea or belief gains ground, it becomes more popular or accepted:

The Republicans are gaining  ground in the southern  states.

microcosm
noun [ C  or U  ]
UK 
 /ˈmaɪ.krəʊˌkɒz.əm/ US 
 /ˈmaɪ.kroʊˌkɑː.zəm/
 
a small place, society, or situation that has the same characteristics as something much larger:

The  audience  was selected  to  create a microcosm of American society.

the cutting edge

noun [ S  ]
UK 
 /ˌkʌt.ɪŋ ˈedʒ/ US 
 /ˌkʌt̬ .ɪŋ ˈedʒ/
 
the most modern stage of development in a particular type of work or activity:

a company at the  cutting edge of mobile  communications  technology

to nme but a few: To provide only a few examples, though there are copious amounts from which to choose. Well, to name a few, the décor is ugly, it feels very
drafty, and several of the appliances don't work. ...

pick and choose

 
to take only the things you want from a group:

You can't pick and  choose  which rules  you want to follow  and which ones  you don't.

flunk
verb [ T  ]
 mainly US informal
UK 
 /flʌŋk/ US 
 /flʌŋk/
 
to fail an exam or course of study:

I flunked my Biology exam.

raucous
adjective
UK 
 /ˈrɔː.kəs/ US 
 /ˈrɑː.kəs/
 
loud and unpleasant:

I  heard the raucous call of the  crows.

Raucous laughter  came from the next  room.
The  party  was becoming  rather  raucous.

glib
adjective
UK 
 /ɡlɪb/ US 
 /ɡlɪb/
glibber | glibbest
 
speaking or spoken in a confident way, but without careful thought or honesty:

He's a glib, self-centred man.
No one was  convinced by his glib answers/explanations.
 shifting sands
/ʃɪftɪŋ ˈsandz/
wyrażenie z shifting
1. used in reference to something that is constantly changing, especially unpredictably.
"whether something is accepted depends upon the shifting sands of taste"

Several years ago, I student taught under a teacher that told me that it is our responsibility as educators to give students a “hook to hang it on.” Meaning, we build new
concepts on information children already know. I am no longer teaching, but that thought has always been in my head now that I am parenting

alluring
adjective
UK 
 /əˈljʊə.rɪŋ/ /əˈlʊə.rɪŋ/ US 
 /əˈlʊr.ɪŋ/
 
attractive or exciting:

I didn't find  the prospect of a house  with no electricity  very alluring.

She was  wearing  a most alluring dress at Sam's dinner  party.

gladiatorial
adjective
UK 
 /ˌɡlæd.i.əˈtɔː.ri.əl/ US 
 /ˌɡlæd.i.əˈtɔːr.i.əl/
 
relating to violent fighting in which only one person or group can win:

gladiatorial  combat
 running commentary
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˌrʌn.ɪŋ ˈkɒm.ən.tər.i/ US 
 /ˌrʌn.ɪŋ ˈkɑː.mən.ter.i/
 
a description of an event, usually a sports event, given at the same time as it happens

work towards something. to try to reach or achieve a goal. They are all working towards/toward a common goal.

ring a bell
( also ring any bells)
 
C2
to sound familiar:

The  name  rang a  bell but I couldn't  remember where I had heard  it before.

No, I'm sorry, that description doesn't ring any  bells  with me.

pull out all the stops

wyrażenie z stop
1. make a very great effort to achieve something.
"we pulled out all the stops to meet the deadline"

 do something very elaborately or on a grand scale.

"they gave a Christmas party and pulled out all the stops"
 Play sth by ear: to do something without special preparation I don't know how they'll react to our proposal, so we'll just have to play it by ear and hope for the best.

to decide how to deal with a situation as it develops, rather than acting according to plans made earlier:

We can't make a  decision  yet. Let's just play it by  ear.

change one's tune

wyrażenie z change
1. express a very different opinion or behave in a very different way.
"he'd soon change his tune if he thought she'd lost interest"

blow one's own trumpet

wyrażenie z trumpet
1. BRITISH
talk boastfully about one's achievements.
"he refused to blow his own trumpet and blushingly declined to speak"

Go for a song: to be sold for an unexpectedly low price. I bought this rug from a second-hand shop. I couldn't resist it when I saw it – it was going for a song.

loath
adjective
   formal ( also loth)
UK 
 /ləʊθ/ US 
 /loʊθ/
  be loath to do sth
 
to be unwilling to do something:

I'm loath to spend  it all at  once.

subtlety
noun
   approving
UK 
 /ˈsʌt.əl.ti/ US 
 /ˈsʌt̬ .əl.t̬ i/
 
[ U  ]
the quality of being subtle:

Listening to the  interview, I was  impressed  by the subtlety of the questions.

 
[ C  ]
a small but important detail:

All the subtleties of the music  are  conveyed  in this new recording.

setback
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈset.bæk/ US 
 /ˈset.bæk/
 
C1
something that happens that delays or prevents a process from developing:

Sally had been  recovering  well from her operation, but  yesterday she  experienced/suffered a setback.
There has been a slight/temporary setback in our plans.

dabble
verb
UK 

 /ˈdæb.əl/ US 

 /ˈdæb.əl/

dabble verb (TRY)
 

[ I ]

to take a slight and not very serious interest in a subject, or try a particular activity for a short period:

He first dabbled  in  politics  when he was at law school.

She dabbled  with drugs at university.

dizzying
adjective

UK 

 /ˈdɪz.i.ɪŋ/ US 

 /ˈdɪz.i.ɪŋ/

dizzying adjective (FEELING)
 

causing you to feel dizzy:

a dizzying  display  of  acrobatics

sampling
noun
UK 
 /ˈsɑːmplɪŋ/ US 
 
[ U  ]
the activity of providing or trying a small amount of a product so someone can decide whether to buy it:

When it works, sampling can be the most effective  form of advertising.

 
[ U  ]   MARKETING
the activity of getting the opinions of a number of people chosen from a group, in order to find out about the whole group:

Something has gone  wrong in the sampling  methods used by the market researchers.

 
[ U  ]
the activity of testing a small amount of something to see whether it is good, whether it contains a particular substance, etc.:

air/blood/water  sampling

acrobatics
noun [ U  ]
UK 
 /ˌæk.rəˈbæt.ɪks/ US 
 /ˌæk.rəˈbæt̬ .ɪks/
 
the skills of an acrobat:

He had  spent  the last ten years in a Peking Opera school,  studying martial  arts  and acrobatics.

contortion
noun [ C  or U  ]
UK 
 /kənˈtɔː.ʃən/ US 
 /kənˈtɔːr.ʃən/
 
the action of twisting or bending violently and unnaturally into a different shape or form, or the shape or form into which something
is twisted or bent:

facial/bodily  contortions
The  app  allows you to  stretch pictures of your  face  into weird  contortions.
She performs  impressive contortions to get  rid  of her body  hair.

confer
verb

UK 

 /kənˈfɜːr/ US 

 /kənˈfɝː/

-rr-

confer verb (TALK)
 

[ I ]

to exchange ideas on a particular subject, often in order to reach a decision on what action to take:

I need some time to confer  with my lawyer.

buckle
verb

UK 

 /ˈbʌk.əl/ US 

 /ˈbʌk.əl/

buckle verb (FASTEN)
 

[ T or I ]

to fasten or be fastened with a buckle

 SMART Vocabulary: related words and phrases

Plus500 - Stocks & Forex CFDs Trading

72% of retail CFD accounts lose money. Plus500's modern CFD platform allows traders to trade with leverage

Ad - Plus500
buckle verb (BEND)
 

[ T or I ]

to bend something or become bent, often as a result of force, heat, or weakness:

The  intense  heat from the fire  had  caused  the factory  roof to buckle.

Both  wheels on the  bicycle  had been  badly buckled.

I  felt faint and my knees began  to buckle.

alight verb (LAND ON)
 

[ I + adv/prep ] formal

to land on something:

A  butterfly alighted  gently  on the  flower.

bough
noun [ C  ]
   literary
UK 
 /baʊ/ US 
 /baʊ/
 
a large branch of a tree
cheesy
adjective

   informal

UK 

 /ˈtʃiː.zi/ US 

 /ˈtʃiː.zi/

cheesy adjective (BAD STYLE)
 

informal

of bad quality or in bad taste:

cheesy hotel  music

cheesy adverts

spine
noun [ C ]

UK 

 /spaɪn/ US 

 /spaɪn/
spine noun [C] (BONE)
 

C1

the line of bones down the centre of the back that provides support for the body and protects the spinal cord:

She injured  her spine in a  riding  accident.

falter
verb [ I ]

UK 

 /ˈfɒl.tər/ US 

 /ˈfɑːl.tɚ/

falter verb [I] (STOP)
 

to lose strength or purpose and stop, or almost stop:

The  dinner party conversation faltered for a moment.

Her friends  never faltered in  their belief  in her.

Nickie's  voice faltered and he  stopped speaking.

verbal
adjective

UK 

 /ˈvɜː.bəl/ US 

 /ˈvɝː.bəl/

verbal adjective (SPOKEN)
 

C2

spoken rather than written:

a verbal agreement/description/explanation

Airport officials  received a  stream  of verbal  abuse  from angry passengers  whose  flights had been delayed.

clamber
verb [ I  usually  + adv/prep  ]
UK 
 /ˈklæm.bər/ US 
 /ˈklæm.bɚ/
 
to climb up, across, or into somewhere with difficulty, using the hands and the feet:

They clambered over/up  the rocks.

I clambered  into/onto the  bus.
She clambered into  bed.

scramble
verb

UK 

 /ˈskræm.bəl/ US 

 /ˈskræm.bəl/

scramble verb (MOVE QUICKLY)
 

C2 [ I usually + adv/prep ]

to move or climb quickly but with difficulty, often using your hands to help you:

She scrambled  up the  steep  hillside  and  over  the rocks.

He scrambled into  his  clothes (= put them on quickly)  and  raced  to get help.

leap
verb [ I + adv/prep ]

UK 

 /liːp/ US 

 /liːp/

leaped or leapt | leaped or leapt

leap verb [I + adv/prep] (MOVE SUDDENLY)

 

C2
to make a large jump or sudden movement, usually from one place to another:

He leaped out of his car  and  ran  towards the house.

I leaped up to answer the  phone.

flip
verb

UK 

 /flɪp/ US 

 /flɪp/

-pp-

flip verb (TURN)
 

[ I or T, usually + adv/prep ]

If you flip something, you turn it over quickly one or more times, and if something flips, it turns over quickly:

I flipped the  book (over)  to  look  at the back cover.

I  lost my place  in my book  when the  pages flipped  over  in the  wind.

handstand
noun [ C  ]
UK 
 /ˈhænd.stænd/ US 
 /ˈhænd.stænd/
 
an action in which you balance vertically on your hands with your legs pointing straight up in the air

double (up) as sth

— phrasal verb with double verb [ I  or T  ]
UK 
 /ˈdʌb.əl/ US 
 /ˈdʌb.əl/
 
to be also used as something else:

The  kitchen table  doubles as my desk when I'm writing.

Our  spare  bedroom doubles  up as an  office for Dan when he's  working  at  home.

hands-on experience
noun [ U  ]
UK 
 US 
 
knowledge or skill that someone gets from doing something rather than just reading about it or seeing it being done:

They will  participate  in workshops  and get hands-on  experience leading classes.

He always said he learned  more about  newspapers  from hands-on  experience than he did in the  classroom.

Let oneself in for: : to cause (oneself) to have or experience (something bad or unpleasant) She's letting herself in for a lot of trouble/criticism. When I agreed to help, I
didn't know what I was letting myself in for.

  draw to a close/an end

 
C2
to gradually finish:

As the  evening drew to a  close,  people  started  reaching  for their  coats.

puny
adjective
UK 
 /ˈpjuː.ni/ US 
 /ˈpjuː.ni/
 
small; weak; not effective:

a puny little man

My  car only has a puny little  engine.
The party's share of the  vote  rose from a puny 13  percent in the last election to 21 percent  this time.

a new lease of life

UK ( US a new lease on life)
 
an occasion when you become more energetic and active than before:

His grandchildren have  given him a new  lease of life.

 
an increase in the period for which something can be used or continued:

The  project suddenly got a new lease  of  life  when the  developers agreed  to  provide  some more  funding.

wind down
 — phrasal verb with wind verb
UK 
 /waɪnd/ US 
 /waɪnd/
wound | wound
 
to gradually relax after doing something that has made you tired or worried:

When he goes on holiday, it takes  him the first couple  of  days  just to  wind  down.

throw in the towel

 
C2
to stop trying to do something because you have realized that you cannot succeed:

Three of the  original  five candidates for the Democratic presidential  nomination have now thrown  in the  towel.

enhance
verb [ T  ]
UK 
 /ɪnˈhɑːns/ US 
 /ɪnˈhæns/
 
C1
to improve the quality, amount, or strength of something:

These scandals  will not enhance the organization's  reputation.