Con. 3.1.1.

46
1000

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la[;k 1 lu~ 1946 bZ-

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1- vLFkk;h lHkkifr dk fuokZpu ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
2- 'kqHk&dkeukvksa osQ lUns'k ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2
3- fczfV'k cywfpLrku osQ [kku vCnqLlen [kka dk pquko lEcU/h vkosnu ------------------------------------ 3
4- lHkkifr dk mn~?kkVu&Hkk"k.k ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4
5- mi&lHkkifr dk euksuhrdj.k--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
6- Jh izlUunso jSoqQV dk LoxZokl ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
7- ifjp;&i=kksa dh is'kh vkSj jftLVj ij gLrk{kj ------------------------------------------------------------------- 14
izFke eqnz.k 1950
iqu% eqnz.k 1994
iqu% eqnz.k 2015

ewY;% ` 4000@&

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yksd lHkk ds izfØ;k vkSj dk;Z lapkyu fu;e (iUnzgoka laLdj.k) ds fu;e 382 ds varxZr izdkf'kr
rFkk tSudks vkVZ bafM;k] 13@10] MCY;w-bZ-,-] djksy ckx] ubZ fnYyh&110005 }kjk eqfnzrA
 izkDdFku
Hkkjr dk lafo/ku 26 uoEcj] 1946 dks vaxhdkj fd;k x;k vkSj lafo/ku lHkk
osQ lnL;ksa us 24 tuojh] 1950 dks bl ij vius gLrk{kj fd,A Hkkjr dk lafo/ku
26 tuojh] 1950 dks ykxw gqvk] tc Lora=k Hkkjr us Lo;a dks ,d x.kjkT; ?kksf"kr
fd;kA lafo/ku osQ ykxw gksus osQ le; ls ysdj 64 o"kZ chr pqosQ gSaA bl vof/ osQ
nkSjku ;g lafo/ku liQy jgk gS vkSj ;g ,d fodflr jktO;oLFkk dh vko';drkvksa
ij [kjk mrjk gSA gesa mu egku O;fDr;ksa dh n`"Vk] nwjnf'kZrk vkSj cqf¼erk ij vk'p;Z
gS ftUgksaus bl egRoiw.kZ nLrkost dh jpuk dhA
lafo/ku lHkk dh igyh cSBd 9 fnlacj] 1946 dks gqbZ vkSj mudh cSBdksa dk
;g Øe 24 tuojh] 1950 rd pyrk jgkA Lora=k Hkkjr osQ lafo/ku dk izk:i rS;kj
djus dk ,sfrgkfld dk;Z dkULVhV~;w'kuy gkWy esa izkjaHk gqvk] ftls vc laln Hkou
osQ osQUnzh; d{k osQ :i esa tkuk tkrk gSA Hkkjr dk lafo/ku 26 tuojh] 1950 dks
ykxw gksus osQ i'pkr~ lafo/ku lHkk vfLrRo esa ugha jgh vkSj 1952 esa ubZ laln osQ
xBu rd blus gh Hkkjr dh vLFkkbZ laln dk :i ys fy;k FkkA
9 fnlacj] 1946 ls 24 tuojh] 1950 rd osQ lafo/ku lHkk okn&fookn (fgUnh
laLdj.k) dk eqnz.k igyh ckj 1950 esa fd;k x;kA yksd lHkk lfpoky; us bu
okn&fooknksa dk iqu%eqnz.k o"kZ 1994 esa fd;kA okn&fookn osQ ,d iwjs lsV esa
vuqØef.kdk lfgr 8 iqLrosaQ 'kkfey gSaA lkalnksa] 'kks/drkZvksa vkSj vU; O;fDr;ksa dh
fujarj ekax dks è;ku esa j[krs gq, lafo/ku lHkk osQ okn&fookn (fgUnh laLdj.k) dks
iqu%eqfnzr fd;k x;k gSA
bl iqu%eqnz.k dks ijke'kZ djus gsrq vf/d mi;ksxh vkSj vklku cukus osQ fy,]
Hkkjr osQ lafo/ku osQ vuqPNsnksa vkSj izk:i lafo/ku esa laxr [kaMksa rFkk lacaf/r
vuqPNsnksa ij ppkZ ,oa vuqeksnu dh frfFk;ksa dks n'kkZus okyk ,d lkj.khc¼ fooj.k
'kkfey fd;k x;k gSA ;g fooj.k iqLrd la[;k 1 osQ izkjafHkd i`"Bksa ij miyC/ gSA
blls ikBd vf/d vklkuh ls fofHkUu vuqPNsnksa ij gq, okn&fookn dk irk yxk
losaQxsA lkFk gh] Hkkjrh; lafo/ku lHkk osQ lnL;ksa dk ,d nqyZHk lkewfgd iQksVksxzkiQ
rFkk Hkkjr osQ lafo/ku dh lqysf[kr izfrfyfi ls mn~/`r lafo/ku lHkk osQ lnL;ksa osQ
izfr:fir gLrk{kj Hkh igyh ckj iqLrd la[;k 1 esa 'kkfey fd, x, gSaA
vk'kk gS fd ;g izdk'ku lHkh lkalnksa] 'kks/drkZvksa] jktuhfr'kkL=k osQ Nk=kksa] odhyksa
vkSj vU; ikBdksa osQ fy, Kkuo/Zd vkSj mi;ksxh fl¼ gksxkA

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 Hkkjr osQ lafo/ku osQ vuqPNsn
Hkkjr osQ izk:i lafo/ku ppkZ vkSj vuqeksnu dh frfFk;ka
lafo/ku dk esa laxr [kaM
vuqPNsn
1 2 3
1------------------------------1------------------------- 15 vkSj 17 uoEcj] 1948
17 vkSj 18 flrEcj] 1949
2------------------------------2------------------------- 17 uoEcj] 1948
3------------------------------3------------------------- 17 vkSj 18 uoEcj] 1948
13 vDrwcj] 1949
4------------------------------4------------------------- 18 uoEcj] 1948
5------------------------------5------------------------- 10] 11 vkSj 17 vxLr] 1949
6------------------------------5d --------------------- 10] 11 vkSj 12 vxLr] 1949
7------------------------------ 5dd ------------------ 10] 11 vkSj 12 vxLr] 1949
8------------------------------ 5[k --------------------- 10] 11 vkSj 12 vxLr] 1949
9 (u;k) --------------------------------------------- 29 uoEcj] 1949
10 -----------------------------5x ---------------------- 10] 11 vkSj 12 vxLr] 1949
11 -----------------------------6------------------------- 10] 11 vkSj 12 vxLr] 1949
12 -----------------------------7------------------------- 25 uoEcj] 1948
13 ----------------------------- 8------------------------- 25] 26 vkSj 29 uoEcj] 1948
14 (u;k)--------------------------------------------- 29 uoEcj] 1948
15 -----------------------------9------------------------- 29 uoEcj] 1948
16 -----------------------------10----------------------- 30 uoEcj] 1948
17 -----------------------------11----------------------- 29 uoEcj] 1948
18 ----------------------------- 12----------------------- 30 uoEcj] 1948 vkSj 10 fnlEcj] 1948
19 -----------------------------13----------------------- 1 vkSj 2 fnlEcj 1948 rFkk] 16 vkSj 17 vDrwcj]
1949
20 -----------------------------14----------------------- 2] 3 vkSj 6 fnlEcj] 1948
21 -----------------------------15----------------------- 6 vkSj 13 fnlEcj] 1948
22 ----------------------------- 15d ------------------- 16 flrEcj] 1949
23 -----------------------------17----------------------- 3 fnlEcj] 1948
24 -----------------------------18----------------------- 3 fnlEcj] 1948
25 -----------------------------19----------------------- 3 vkSj 6 fnlEcj] 1948
26 -----------------------------20----------------------- 7 fnlEcj] 1948

(i)
 1 2 3

27 -----------------------------21----------------------- 7 fnlEcj] 1948

28 -----------------------------22----------------------- 7 fnlEcj] 1948
29 -----------------------------23----------------------- 7 vkSj 8 fnlEcj] 1948
30 ----------------------------- 23d ------------------- 7 vkSj 8 fnlEcj] 1948
31 -----------------------------24----------------------- 10 vkSj 12 flrEcj] 1949
32 -----------------------------25----------------------- 9 fnlEcj] 1948
33 -----------------------------26----------------------- 9 fnlEcj] 1948
34 (u;k)
35 -----------------------------27----------------------- 9 vkSj 16 fnlEcj 1948 rFkk 16 vDrwcj] 1949
36 -----------------------------28----------------------- 19 uoEcj] 1948
37 -----------------------------29----------------------- 19 uoEcj] 1948
38 -----------------------------30----------------------- 19 uoEcj] 1948
39 -----------------------------31----------------------- 22 uoEcj] 1948
40 -----------------------------31d ------------------- 22 uoEcj] 1948
41 -----------------------------32----------------------- 23 uoEcj] 1948
42 -----------------------------33----------------------- 23 uoEcj] 1948
43 -----------------------------34----------------------- 23 uoEcj] 1948
44 -----------------------------35----------------------- 23 uoEcj] 1948
45 -----------------------------36----------------------- 23 uoEcj] 1948
46 -----------------------------37----------------------- 23 uoEcj] 1948
47 -----------------------------38----------------------- 23 vkSj 24 uoEcj] 1948
48 -----------------------------38d ------------------- 24 uoEcj] 1948
49 -----------------------------39----------------------- 24 uoEcj] 1948
50 -----------------------------39d ------------------- 24 vkSj 25 uoEcj] 1948
51 -----------------------------40----------------------- 25 uoEcj] 1948
52 -----------------------------41----------------------- 10 fnlEcj] 1948
53 -----------------------------42----------------------- 10 vkSj 16 fnlEcj] 1948 rFkk 16 vDrwcj] 1949
54 -----------------------------43----------------------- 10 vkSj 13 fnlEcj] 1948
55 -----------------------------44----------------------- 13 fnlEcj] 1948
56 -----------------------------45----------------------- 13 fnlEcj] 1948
57 -----------------------------46----------------------- 13 fnlEcj] 1948
58 ----------------------------- 47----------------------- 27 fnlEcj] 1948 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
59 ----------------------------- 48----------------------- 27 fnlEcj] 1948 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949

(ii)
 1 2 3

60 -----------------------------49----------------------- 27 fnlEcj] 1948

61 -----------------------------50----------------------- 28 fnlEcj] 1948
62 -----------------------------51----------------------- 28 fnlEcj] 1948
63 -----------------------------52----------------------- 28 fnlEcj] 1948
64 -----------------------------53----------------------- 28 fnlEcj] 1948
65 -----------------------------54----------------------- 28 fnlEcj] 1948
66 -----------------------------55 (1)&(4)----- 28 vkSj 29 fnlEcj] 1948 rFkk 13 vDrwcj] 1949
67 -----------------------------56----------------------- 29 fnlEcj] 1948
68 -----------------------------55 (5)&(6)----- 28 vkSj 29 fnlEcj] 1948 rFkk 13 vDrwcj] 1949
69 (u;k)--------------------------------------------- uoEcj] 1949
70 -----------------------------57----------------------- 29 fnlEcj] 1948
71 -----------------------------58----------------------- 29 fnlEcj] 1948
72 ----------------------------- 59----------------------- 29 fnlEcj] 1948 vkSj 17 vDrwcj] 1949
73 -----------------------------60----------------------- 29 vkSj 30 fnlEcj] 1948
74 -----------------------------61----------------------- 30 fnlEcj] 1948
75 -----------------------------62----------------------- 30 vkSj 31 fnlEcj] 1948 rFkk 14 vkSj 17
vDrwcj] 1949
76 -----------------------------63----------------------- 7 tuojh] 1949
77 -----------------------------64----------------------- 7 tuojh] 1949
78 -----------------------------65----------------------- 6 vkSj 7 tuojh] 1949
79 -----------------------------66----------------------- 3 tuojh] 1949
80 -----------------------------67 (1)&(4)----- 3 vkSj 4 tuojh] 1949 rFkk 13 vkSj 17 vDrwcj]
1949
81 ----------------------------- 67 (5)&(8)----- 3 vkSj 4 tuojh] 1949 rFkk 10] 14 vkSj
17 vDrwcj] 1949
82 ----------------------------- 67d ------------------- 18 vkSj 23 ebZ] 1949 rFkk 13 vDrwcj] 1949
83 -----------------------------68----------------------- 18 ebZ] 1949
84 ----------------------------- 68d ------------------- 18 ebZ] 1949
85 -----------------------------69----------------------- 18 ebZ] 1949
86 -----------------------------70----------------------- 18 ebZ] 1949
87 -----------------------------71----------------------- 18 ebZ] 1949
88 -----------------------------72----------------------- 18 ebZ] 1949
89 -----------------------------73----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
90 -----------------------------74----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949

(iii)
 1 2 3

91 --------------------------75----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949

92 -------------------------- 75d ------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
93 --------------------------76----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
94 --------------------------77----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
95 --------------------------78----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
96 -------------------------- 78d ------------------- 18 vkSj 19 ebZ] 1949
97 --------------------------79----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
98 --------------------------79d ------------------- 30 tqykbZ] 1949
99 --------------------------81----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
100 ---------------------------80----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
101 ---------------------------82----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
102 --------------------------- 83----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
103 ---------------------------83d ------------------- 1 vxLr] 1949
104 ---------------------------84----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949
105 --------------------------- 85----------------------- 19 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
106 ---------------------------86----------------------- 20 ebZ] 1949
107 ---------------------------87----------------------- 20 ebZ] 1949
108 ---------------------------88----------------------- 20 ebZ] 1949
109 ---------------------------89----------------------- 20 ebZ] 1949
110 ---------------------------90----------------------- 20 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 8 twu] 1949
111 ---------------------------91----------------------- 20 ebZ] 1949
112 ---------------------------92----------------------- 8 vkSj 10 twu] 1949 rFkk 13 vDrwcj] 1949
113 ---------------------------93----------------------- 10 twu] 1949
114 ---------------------------94----------------------- 10 twu] 1949
115 ---------------------------95----------------------- 10 twu] 1949
116 ---------------------------96----------------------- 10 twu] 1949
117 ---------------------------97----------------------- 10 twu] 1949
118 ---------------------------98----------------------- 10 twu] 1949
119 ---------------------------98d ------------------- 10 twu] 1949
120 ---------------------------99----------------------- 17 flrEcj] 1949
121 --------------------------- 100--------------------- 23 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
122 ---------------------------101--------------------- 23 ebZ] 1949
123 ---------------------------102--------------------- 23 ebZ] 1949

(iv)
 1 2 3

124 ---------------------------103--------------------- 23 vkSj 24 ebZ] 1949

125 ---------------------------104--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 30 tqykbZ] 1949
126 ---------------------------105--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
127 ---------------------------106--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
128 ---------------------------107--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
129 ---------------------------108--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
130 --------------------------- 108d ----------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
131 ---------------------------109--------------------- 3 twu] 1949 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949
132 ---------------------------110--------------------- 3 twu] 1949
133 ---------------------------111--------------------- 3 vkSj 6 twu] 1949 rFkk 16 vDrwcj] 1949
134 ---------------------------111d ----------------- 13 vkSj 14 twu] 1949
135 ---------------------------112[k
136 ---------------------------112--------------------- 6 twu] 1949 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
137 ---------------------------112d ----------------- 6 twu] 1949
138 ---------------------------114--------------------- 6 twu] 1949
139 ---------------------------115--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
140 ---------------------------116--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
141 ---------------------------117--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
142 ---------------------------118--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
143 ---------------------------119--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
144 ---------------------------120--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
145 ---------------------------121--------------------- 6 twu] 1949
146 ---------------------------122--------------------- 27 ebZ] 1949
147 ---------------------------122d ----------------- 6 twu] 1949 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
148 ---------------------------124--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949
149 ---------------------------125--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949
150 ---------------------------126--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949
151 ---------------------------127--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949
152 ---------------------------128--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949
153 ---------------------------129--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949
154 --------------------------- 130--------------------- 30 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
155 ---------------------------131--------------------- 30 vkSj 31 ebZ] 1949
156 ---------------------------132--------------------- 31 ebZ] 1949

(v)
 1 2 3

157 ---------------------------134--------------------- 31 ebZ] 1949

158 --------------------------- 135--------------------- 31 ebZ] 1949 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949
159 ---------------------------136--------------------- 31 ebZ] 1949
160 ---------------------------138--------------------- 1 twu] 1949
161 ---------------------------141--------------------- 1 twu] 1949 vkSj 17 vDrwcj] 1949
162 ---------------------------142--------------------- 1 twu] 1949
163 ---------------------------143--------------------- 1 twu] 1949
164 ---------------------------144--------------------- 1 twu] 1949 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949
165 ---------------------------145--------------------- 1 twu] 1949
166 ---------------------------146--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
167 ---------------------------147--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
168 ---------------------------148--------------------- 6 tuojh] 1949
169 ---------------------------148d ----------------- 30 tqykbZ] 1949
170 ---------------------------149--------------------- 6] 7 vkSj 8 tuojh] 1949 rFkk 14 vDrwcj] 1949
171 ---------------------------150--------------------- 2 twu] 1949] 30 tqykbZ] 1949 vkSj 19 vxLr]
1949
172 ---------------------------151--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
173 ---------------------------152--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
174 ---------------------------153--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
175 ---------------------------154--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
176 ---------------------------155--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
177 ---------------------------156--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
178 ---------------------------157--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
179 ---------------------------158--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
180 ---------------------------159--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
181 ---------------------------159d ----------------- 2 twu] 1949
182 ---------------------------160--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
183 ---------------------------161--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
184 ---------------------------162--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
185 ---------------------------162d ----------------- 2 twu] 1949
186 ---------------------------163--------------------- 3 twu] 1949
187 ---------------------------163d ----------------- 30 tqykbZ] 1949
188 ---------------------------165--------------------- 2 twu] 1949

(vi)
 1 2 3

189 ---------------------------164--------------------- 2 vkSj 16 twu] 1949

190 ---------------------------166--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
191 ---------------------------167--------------------- 2 twu] 1949
192 ---------------------------167d ----------------- 14 twu] 1949
193 ---------------------------168--------------------- 3 twu] 1949
194 ---------------------------169--------------------- 3 twu] 1949 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
195 ---------------------------170--------------------- 3 twu] 1949
196 ---------------------------171--------------------- 3] 4 vkSj 14 twu] 1949
197 ---------------------------172--------------------- 30 tqykbZ] 1949 vkSj 1 vxLr] 1949
198 ---------------------------173--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
199 ---------------------------174--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
200 ---------------------------175--------------------- 14 twu] 1949] 31 tqykbZ] 1949] 1 vxLr] 1949
vkSj 17 vDrwcj] 1949
201 ---------------------------176--------------------- 1 vxLr] 1949
202 ---------------------------177--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
203 ---------------------------178--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
204 ---------------------------179--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
205 ---------------------------180--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
206 ---------------------------181--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
207 ---------------------------182--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
208 ---------------------------183--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
209 ---------------------------183d ----------------- 10 twu] 1949
210 ---------------------------184--------------------- 10 twu] 1949 vkSj 17 flrEcj] 1949
211 ---------------------------185--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
212 ---------------------------186--------------------- 10 twu] 1949
213 ---------------------------187--------------------- 14 twu] 1949
214 ---------------------------191--------------------- 6 twu] 1949
215 ---------------------------192--------------------- 6 twu] 1949
216 ---------------------------192d ----------------- 6 twu] 1949
217 ---------------------------193--------------------- 6 vkSj 7 twu] 1949
218 ---------------------------194--------------------- 7 twu] 1949
219 ---------------------------195--------------------- 7 twu] 1949
220 ---------------------------196--------------------- 7 twu] 1949

(vii)
 1 2 3

221 ---------------------------197--------------------- 7 twu] 1949

222 ---------------------------198--------------------- 1 vxLr] 1949
223 ---------------------------199--------------------- 7 twu] 1949
224 ---------------------------200--------------------- 7 twu] 1949
225 ---------------------------201--------------------- 7 twu] 1949
226 ---------------------------202--------------------- 7 twu] 1949 vkSj 9 flrEcj] 1949
227 ---------------------------203--------------------- 7] 14 vkSj 15 twu] 1949 rFkk 16 vDrwcj] 1949
228 ---------------------------204--------------------- 7 vkSj 8 twu] 1949
229 ---------------------------205--------------------- 8 twu] 1949
230 ---------------------------207--------------------- 14 twu] 1949
231 ---------------------------208--------------------- 14 twu] 1949
232 ---------------------------209--------------------- 14 twu] 1949
233 --------------------------- 209d ----------------- 19 twu] 1949 vkSj 16 flrEcj] 1949
234 ---------------------------209[k ----------------- 16 flrECkj] 1949
235 ---------------------------209x ------------------ 16 flrECkj] 1949
236 ---------------------------209?k ------------------ 16 flrECkj] 1949
237 ---------------------------209Ä ------------------ 16 flrECkj] 1949
238 ---------------------------211d ----------------- 12 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
239 ---------------------------212--------------------- 1 vxLr] 1949
240 ---------------------------213--------------------- 1 vkSj 2 vxLr] 1949
241 ---------------------------213d ----------------- 2 vxLr] 1949 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
242 ---------------------------214--------------------- 2 vxLr] 1949
243 ---------------------------215--------------------- 16 flrEcj] 1949
244 ---------------------------215[k ----------------- 19 vxLr] 1949
245 ---------------------------216--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
246 ---------------------------217--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
247 ---------------------------219--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
248 ---------------------------223--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
249 ---------------------------226--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
250 ---------------------------227--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
251 ---------------------------228--------------------- 13 twu] 1949
252 ---------------------------229--------------------- 13 twu] 1949

(viii)
 1 2 3

253 ---------------------------230---------------------13 twu] 1949 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949

254 ---------------------------231---------------------13 twu] 1949
255 ---------------------------232---------------------13 twu] 1949
256 ---------------------------233---------------------13 twu] 1949
257 --------------------------- 234&234d --------- 13 twu] 1949 vkSj 9 flrEcj] 1949
258 ---------------------------235---------------------13 twu] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
259 ---------------------------235d ----------------- 13 twu] 1949
260 ---------------------------236---------------------13 twu] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
261 ---------------------------238---------------------13 twu] 1949
262 --------------------------- 242d ----------------- 9 flrEcj] 1949
263 ---------------------------246---------------------13 twu] 1949
264 ---------------------------247---------------------13 twu] 1949 vkSj 4 vxLr] 1949
265 ---------------------------248---------------------4 vxLr] 1949
266 ---------------------------248d ----------------- 4 vxLr] 1949 vkSj 7 flrEcj] 1949
267 ---------------------------248[k ----------------- 4 vxLr] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
268 ---------------------------249---------------------4 vkSj 5 vxLr] 1949
269 ---------------------------250---------------------5 vkSj 19 vxLr] 1949 rFkk 9 flrEcj] 1949
270 ---------------------------251---------------------5 vxLr] 1949
271 ---------------------------252---------------------5 vxLr] 1949
272 ---------------------------253---------------------5 vkSj 8 vxLr] 1949
273 ---------------------------254---------------------8 vxLr] 1949
274 --------------------------- 254d ----------------- 8 vxLr] 1949
275 ---------------------------255---------------------8 vkSj 9 vxLr] 1949
276 ---------------------------256---------------------9 vxLr] 1949
277 ---------------------------257---------------------9 vxLr] 1949
278 --------------------------- 258---------------------
13 vDrwcj] 1949
279 ---------------------------259---------------------9 vxLr] 1949
280 ---------------------------260---------------------9 vkSj 10 vxLr] 1949
281 ---------------------------261---------------------10 vxLr] 1949
282 ---------------------------262---------------------10 vxLr] 1949
283 ---------------------------263---------------------10 vxLr] 1949] 9 flrEcj] 1949 vkS j
13 vDrwcj] 1949
284 --------------------------- 263d ----------------- 9 flrEcj] 1949

(ix)
 1 2 3

285 ---------------------------264--------------------- 9 flrEcj] 1949

286 ---------------------------264d ----------------- 16 vDrwcj] 1949
287 ---------------------------265--------------------- 9 flrEcj] 1949
288 --------------------------- 265d ----------------- 9 flrEcj] 1949
289 ---------------------------266--------------------- 9 flrEcj] 1949
290 ---------------------------267--------------------- 10 vxLr] 1949
291 ---------------------------267d ----------------- 13 vDrwcj] 1949
292 ---------------------------268--------------------- 10 vxLr] 1949
293 ---------------------------269--------------------- 10 vxLr] 1949
294 ---------------------------270--------------------- 15 twu] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
295 ---------------------------270d ----------------- 13 vDrwcj] 1949
296 ---------------------------271--------------------- 15 twu] 1949
297 ---------------------------271d ----------------- 15 twu] 1949
298 ---------------------------272--------------------- 15 twu] 1949
299 ---------------------------273--------------------- 15 twu] 1949
300 ---------------------------274--------------------- 15 twu] 1949
301 --------------------------- 274d ----------------- 15 twu] 1949 vkSj 8 flrEcj] 1949
302 ---------------------------274[k ----------------- 8 flrEcj] 1949
303 ---------------------------274x ------------------ 8 flrEcj] 1949
304 --------------------------- 274?k ------------------ 8 flrEcj] 1949
305 --------------------------- 274?k?k?k ------------- 8 flrEcj] 1949 vkSj 13 vDrwcj] 1949
306 ---------------------------274?k?k ---------------- 8 flrEcj] 1949] 13 vDrw c j] 1949 vkS j
16 vDrwcj] 1949
307 ---------------------------274Ä ------------------ 8 flrEcj] 1949
308 ---------------------------281--------------------- 7 flrEcj] 1949
309 ---------------------------282--------------------- 7 flrEcj] 1949
310 --------------------------- 282d ----------------- 7 flrEcj] 1949
311 ---------------------------282[k ----------------- 8 flrEcj] 1949
312 ---------------------------282x ------------------ 8 flrEcj] 1949
313 ---------------------------283--------------------- 8 flrEcj] 1949
314 ---------------------------283d ----------------- 10 vDrwcj] 1949
315 ---------------------------284--------------------- 22 vxLr] 1949
316 ---------------------------285--------------------- 22 vxLr] 1949

(x)
 1 2 3

317 --------------------------- 285d ----------------- 22 vxLr] 1949

318 ---------------------------285[k ----------------- 22 vxLr] 1949
319 ---------------------------285x ------------------ 22 vxLr] 1949
320 ---------------------------286--------------------- 23 vxLr] 1949
321 ---------------------------287--------------------- 23 vxLr] 1949
322 ---------------------------288--------------------- 23 vxLr] 1949
323 --------------------------- 288d ----------------- 23 vxLr] 1949
324 ---------------------------289--------------------- 15 vkSj 16 twu] 1949
325 ---------------------------289d ----------------- 16 twu] 1949
326 ---------------------------289[k ----------------- 16 twu] 1949
327 ---------------------------290--------------------- 16 twu] 1949
328 ---------------------------291--------------------- 16 twu] 1949
329 ---------------------------291d ----------------- 16 twu] 1949
330 ---------------------------292--------------------- 23 vkSj 24 vxLr] 1949
331 ---------------------------293--------------------- 24 vxLr] 1949
332 ---------------------------294--------------------- 24 vxLr] 1949
333 ---------------------------295--------------------- 24 vxLr] 1949
334 --------------------------- 295d ----------------- 24 vkSj 25 vxLr] 1949
335 --------------------------- 296--------------------- 26 vxLr] 1949 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949
336 ---------------------------297--------------------- 16 twu] 1949
337 ---------------------------298--------------------- 16 twu] 1949
338 --------------------------- 299--------------------- 26 vxLr] 1949 vkSj 14 vDrwcj] 1949
339 ---------------------------300--------------------- 16 twu] 1949
340 ---------------------------301--------------------- 16 twu] 1949
341 ---------------------------300d ----------------- 17 twu] 1949
342 ---------------------------300[k ----------------- 17 twu] 1949
343 --------------------------- 301d ----------------- 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrEcj] 1949
344 ---------------------------301[k ----------------- 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949
345 ---------------------------301x ------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949
346 ---------------------------301?k ------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949
347 ---------------------------301Ä------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949
348 ---------------------------301p ------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949
349 ---------------------------301N ------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949

(xi)
 1 2 3

350 ---------------------------301t ------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949

351 ---------------------------301> ------------------ 12] 13 vkSj 14 flrECkj] 1949
352 ---------------------------275--------------------- 2 vxLr] 1949
353 ---------------------------276--------------------- 3 vxLr] 1949
354 ---------------------------277--------------------- 19 vkSj 20 vxLr] 1949
355 ---------------------------277d ----------------- 3 vkSj 4 vxLr] 1949
356 ---------------------------278--------------------- 3 vkSj 4 vxLr] 1949
357 ---------------------------278d ----------------- 3 vkSj 4 vxLr] 1949
358 ---------------------------279--------------------- 4 vxLr] 1949
359 ---------------------------280--------------------- 4 vkSj 20 vxLr] 1949
360 ---------------------------280d ----------------- 16 vDrwcj] 1949
361 ---------------------------302--------------------- 8 flrECkj] 1949
362 ---------------------------302d ----------------- 13 vDrwcj] 1949
363 --------------------------- 302dd -------------- 16 vDrwcj] 1949
364 ---------------------------302ddd ----------- 17 vDrwcj] 1949
365(u;k)
366 --------------------------- 303(1) -------------- 16 vkSj 17 flrEcj] 1949 rFkk 14 vDrwcj] 1949
367 ---------------------------303(2 vkSj 3 --- —rnSo—
368 ---------------------------304--------------------- 17 flrEcj] 1949
369 --------------------------- 306--------------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
370 ---------------------------306d ----------------- 13 vkSj 17 vDrwcj] 1949
371 --------------------------- 306[k ----------------- 13 vDrwcj] 1949
372 --------------------------- 307--------------------- 10 vDrwcj] 1949
373(u;k)
374 --------------------------- 308--------------------- 10 vDrwcj] 1949
375 --------------------------- 309--------------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
376 --------------------------- 310--------------------- 10 vDrwcj] 1949
377 ---------------------------310d ----------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
378 --------------------------- 310[k ----------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
379 --------------------------- 311--------------------- 10 vkSj 11 vDrwcj] 1949
380 ---------------------------311d ----------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949

(xii)
 1 2 3

381 --------------------------- 311[k ----------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949

382 --------------------------- 312--------------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
383 ---------------------------312d ----------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
384 --------------------------- 312[k ----------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
385 ---------------------------312x ------------------ 7 vDrwcj] 1949
386 --------------------------- 312?k ------------------ 7 vDrwcj] 1949
387 --------------------------- 312Ä ------------------ 7 vDrwcj] 1949
388 --------------------------- 312p ------------------ 4] 7 vkSj 11 vDrwcj] 1949
389 --------------------------- 312N ------------------ 7 vDrwcj] 1949
390 --------------------------- 312t ------------------ 7 vDrwcj] 1949
391(u;k)
392 --------------------------- 313--------------------- 7 vDrwcj] 1949
393 ---------------------------313d ----------------- 17 vDrwcj] 1949
394 --------------------------- 314--------------------- 17 vDrwcj] 1949
395 --------------------------- 315--------------------- 17 vDrwcj] 1949

(xiii)
 vuqlwph
1 ----------------------------------
2 ----------------------------------
3 ----------------------------------
4 (vuqlwph&rhu&d) --
5 ----------------------------------
5 (Hkkx ?k) ----------------
6 ----------------------------------
------------------------------------
7 ----------------------------------
8 (vuqlwph&lkr&d) --
frfFk
14 vkSj 15 vDrwcj] 1949
11 vkSj 12 vDrwcj] 1949
26 vkSj 16 vDrwcj] 1949
17 vDrwcj] 1949
5 flrEcj] 1949
5 flrEcj] 1949
5] 6 vkSj 7 flrEcj] 1949
iSjk ,d] 5 flrEcj] 1949] iSjk 2&15] 6 flrECkj] 1949
vkSj iSjk 16&20] 7 flrEcj] 1949
26] 29 ] 30 vkSj 31 vxLr] 1949] 1] 2] 3 vkSj
9 flrEcj] 1949 rFkk 13 vkSj 17 vDrwcj] 1949
14 flrEcj] 1949
(xiv)
 Hkkjrh; foèkku&ifj"kn~~
lkseokj] 9 fnlEcj lu~ 1946 bZ-
Hkkjrh; foèkku&ifj"kn~~ dh izFke cSBd dkaLVhV~;w'ku gky] ubZ fnYyh esa
lkseokj rk- 9 fnlEcj 1946 osQ losjs 11 cts cSBh
_______

vLFkk;h lHkkifr dk pquko

vkpk;Z ts-ch- o`Qiykuh (la;qDrizkar % tujy)% (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk
ls vLFkk;h lHkkifr os ukrs lHkkifr dk vklu xzg.k djus dk vuqjks/ djrs
gq,) vkius dgk%

fe=kksa] bl ,sfrgkfld vkSj 'kqHk volj ij vki yksxksa dh vksj ls eSa

MkW- lfPpnkuUn flugk dks vkeaf=kr djrk gwa fd og vLFkk;h lHkkifr dk vklu
xzg.k djsaA MkWDVj lkgc dk ifjp; nsus dh vko';drk ugha gS] mUgsa vki
yksx tkurs gSaA og ge yksxksa esa u osQoy o;kso`¼ gh gSa] oju~ Hkkjr osQ lcls
iqjkus ikfyZ;kesUVsfj;u Hkh gSaA vki lu~ 1910 ls 1920 rd bEihfj;y ysftLysfVo
dkSafly osQ lnL; jg pqosQ gSa vkSj blosQ vykok lu~ 1921 esa vki lsUVªy
ysftLysfVo ,lsEcyh osQ u fliZQ lnL; cfYd mlosQ mi&lHkkifr (Deputy
President) Hkh FksA mlosQ ckn vki fcgkj vkSj mM+hlk dh xouZeasV esa ,DthD;wfVo
dkSaflyj (Executive Councill or) vkSj vFkZ&lnL; (Finance Member) jgsA tgka
rd eq>s ;kn gS] izFke Hkkjrh; tks fdlh izkarh; ljdkj esa vFkZ&lnL; cuk]
og MkWDVj flugk gh FksA vki tkurs gSa fd f'k{kk osQ lkFk vkidk [kkl lEcUèk
gSA vki vkB o"kZ rd iVuk fo'ofo|ky; osQ okbl pkalyj jgs gSaA bu lc
ckrksa osQ vykok vki yksx ;g Hkh tkurs gSa fd MkW- flugk lcls iqjkus dkaxzslh
gSaA lu~ 1920 rd vki cjkcj dkaxzsl osQ lnL; Fks vkSj ,d le; vki blosQ
ea=kh Hkh jg pqosQ gSaA

lu~ 1920 osQ ckn tc ge vktknh gkfly djus osQ fy, ,d ubZ jkg
ij pys] rks vki gels vyx gks x,A fiQj Hkh vkius gesa dHkh Hkh fcyoqQy
NksM+ ugha fn;kA ges'kk ls gh vki ge yksxksa dh enn djrs vk jgs gSaA vki
dHkh fdlh nwljs laxBu esa 'kkfey ugha gq, vkSj vkidh lgkuqHkwfr lnk gekjs
 [2]

lkFk jgh gSa ,slk O;fDr bl fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ dk vLFkk;h lHkkifr gksus dk loZFkk
vfèkdkjh gSA mudk dk;Z gS bl ifj"kn~~ dh dkjZokbZ dk mn~?kkVu djukA ;g
dke vYidkyhu gS] ij gS cM+s egÙo dkA ge yksx gj ,d dke ijekRek
osQ eaxye; vk'khokZn ls izkjEHk djrs gSa vr% ge vknj.kh; MkW- flugk ls
vuqjks/ djsaxs fd os bl vk'khokZn dk vkokgu djsa] rkfd gekjk dke lqpk#
:i ls pysA vc eSa iqu% vkidh vksj ls MkW- flugk ls lHkkifr dk vklu
xzg.k djus dk vuqjks/ djrk gwaA
(blosQ ckn vkpk;Z o`Qiykuh us MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk dks lHkkifr
osQ vklu rd vknj osQ lkFk igqapk;k vkSj g"kZèofu osQ
chp vki ml ij fojkteku gq,A)
'kqHk&dkeukvksa osQ lans'k
lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk)% ekuuh; lnL;] vkt eSa vkidks 'kqHk&
dkeuk osQ rhu lEokn lqukrk gwa¡] tks eq>s vesfjdk vkSj phu osQ ftEesnkj jktdh;
inkf/dkfj;ksa rFkk vkLVªsfy;k dh ljdkj ls izkIr gq, gSaA vesfjdu ljdkj osQ
Hkkjr fLFkr izfrfuf/ fy[krs gSa%
fiz; MkW- flUgk]
fuEufyf[kr rkj eq>s vesfjdk osQ LFkkukiUu lsoszQVjh vkWiQ LVsV ls feyk gSA
bls vkiosQ ikl Hkstus esa eq>s cM+h [kq'kh gSA
rkj dh bckjr ;ksa gS%
^^LFkkukiUu lsozsQVjh vkWiQ LVsV] okf'kaxVu Mh-lh- lsμ
MkWDVj lfPpnkuUn flUgk
vLFkk;h lHkkifr] fo/ku&ifj"kn~~]
ubZ fnYyhA
uoha fnlEcj osQ vkxeu ij eSa] fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ osQ vLFkk;h lHkkifr gksus
osQ ukrs vkidks vkSj vkiosQ }kjk Hkkjrh; turk dks bl egku vFkZ dh liQyrk
osQ fy,] tks vki izkjEHk djus tk jgs gSa] vesfjdu ljdkj ,oa vesfjdk dh
turk dh 'kqHk&dkeuk,a lefiZr djrk gwaA ekuotkfr osQ LFkkf;Ro] 'kkfUr vkSj
lkaLo`Qfrd leqUufr osQ fy, Hkkjr dks cgqr oqQN nsuk gSA vkiosQ dke dks lalkj
dh Lokra=;&izseh turk xEHkhj mRlkg vkSj vk'kk ls ns[ksxhA**
(g"kZèofu)
 [3]

nwljk lEokn feyk gS phuh iztkrU=k osQ nwr ls] tks ;ksa gS%
^^ubZ fnYyh]
fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ osQ izkjfEHkd lHkkifr MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk dks%—foèkku&ifj"kn~~
osQ mn~?kkVu lekjksg osQ 'kqHk volj ij eSa vkidks phu dh jk"Vªh; ljdkj
dh vksj ls llEeku viuh gkfnZd c/kbZ nsrk gwaA esjh gkfnZd dkeuk gS fd
vkidh ;g fo/ku&ifj"kn~ lqlEiUu vkSj iztkra=kh; Hkkjr dh Bksl uhao Mkyus
esa liQy gksA
okax 'khg psg
phu iztkra=k osQ oSnsf'kd eU=kh**
(g"kZèofu)
rhljk vkSj vfUre lEokn tks eq>s bl ifj"kn~ dks i<+dj lqukuk gS] og
gS vkLVªsfy;u ljdkj dh rjiQ ls Hkkjrh; fo/ku&ifj"kn~ osQ lnL;ksa dks_ og
;ksa gS%
^^vkLVªsfy;k us cM+h fnypLih vkSj gennhZ ls ml ?kVukØe dks ns[kk gS]
ftlls vkt Hkkjrh; turk dks fo'o dh jk"VªlHkk esa mldk mfpr LFkku feyk
gSA vr% vkLVªsfy;u ljdkj fo/ku&ifj"kn~ osQ mn~?kkVu osQ 'kqHk volj ij bls
Hkkjr osQ uohu ;qx dk izrhd le> dj] bldh liQyrk osQ fy, fo/ku&ifj"kn~
osQ lnL;ksa dks viuh gkfnZd 'kqHk&dkeuk,a Hkstrh gSA**
(g"kZèofu)
eq>s fo'okl gS] ;g lHkk eq>s vf/dkj vkSj vuqefr nsxh fd eSa bldh
rjiQ ls bu ljdkjksa dks] ftUgksaus gesa ,sls izlUurk vkSj izsj.kkiw.kZ lEokn Hksts
gSa] /U;okn Hkst nwaA eSa ;g vkSj Hkh dguk pkgrk gwa fd vkiosQ dk;Z dh
liQyrk osQ fy, ;g cM+k gh 'kqHk fpÉ gSA
(g"kZèofu)
_______
fczfV'k cywfpLrku osQ [kku vCnqLlen [kka dk pquko
laca/h vkosnu
lHkkifr (Chairman)% nwljh pht tks eq>s bl lHkk dh fuxkg esa ykuh
gS] og ;g gS fd eq>s fczfV'k cywfpLrku osQ [kku vCnqLlen [kka ls ,d vthZ
feyh gS] ftlesa mUgksaus fczfV'k cywfpLrku dh rjiQ ls uokc eqgEen [kka tksxtkbZ
osQ fo/ku&ifj"kn~ osQ izfrfuf/ gksus ij oS/kfud vkifÙk dh gSA fu'p; gh ;g
 [4]

lHkk LFkk;h lHkkifr osQ pquko gks tkus ij ;Fkkle; bl ekeys ij è;ku nsxhA
ij] esjk ;g fu.kZ; gS fd LFkk;h lHkkifr osQ pquko gks tkus ij tc rd bl
ekeys dk iSQlyk ugha gks tkrk] rc rd ;gh lnL; tks izfrfuf/ ?kksf"kr fd;s
x;s gSa] bl lHkk osQ lnL; cus jgsaxsA
dk;ZØe dk nwljk fo"k; gS] vLFkk;h lHkkifr dk mn~?kkVu fo"k;d Hkk"k.kA
eSa ;Fkk'kfDr dksf'k'k d:axk fd lkjk Hkk"k.k i<+dj lquk nwa] ij ;fn blesa eq>s
FkdkoV ekywe gqbZ] rks vki o`Qi;k eq>s vuqefr ns fd Hkk"k.k dh Vkbi dh
gqbZ izfr lj ch-,u- jko dks ns nwa ftUgksaus cM+h o`Qik dj esjh rjiQ ls bls
i<+ nsus dk Hkkj Lohdkj fd;k gS_ ijUrq eq>s vk'kk gS bldk volj u vk;sxkA
_______

lHkkifr dk mn~?kkVu&Hkk"k.k
izFke Hkkjrh; fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ osQ ekuuh; lnL;ks] eq>s viuh fo/ku&ifj"kn~~
dk izFke lHkkifr Lohdkj djus esa vki lc lger gSa] blosQ fy, eSa vkidk
cM+k gh vkHkkjh gwaA blls eSa bl lHkk osQ izkjfEHkd dk;ZØe dks—tSls LFkk;h
lHkkifr dk pquko] dk;Z lapkyu osQ fy;s fu;e&fuekZ.k] fofHkUu lfefr;ksa dh
LFkkiuk] ifj"kn~~ dh dk;Zokgh dks tks Lora=k Hkkjr osQ fy, ,d mi;qDr vkSj
LFkk;h fo/ku cukdj vkiosQ iz;kl dks liQy djsxh] xqIr j[kus ;k izdk'ku
nsus vkfn dk dk;Z—lEikfnr dj lowaQxkA vkidh egrh o`Qik osQ izfr iz'kalkRed
Hkkouk O;Dr djrs gq, eSa viuh ,d vkSj vuqHkwfr dks fNik ugha ldrk] og
;g gS fd eSa ,slk vuqHko djrk gwa—vo'; gh ;g y?kqrk dh egÙkk ls rqyuk
gksxh—fd orZeku volj ij eSa vius dks mlh fLFkfr esa ikrk gwa] ftl esa
ykMZ ikeLVZu (Lord Palmerston) us vius dks ml le; ik;k Fkk] tc lkezkKh
foDVksfj;k us mUgsa 'kwjrk dh mPpre mikf/ ^^ukbVgqM vkWiQ nh xkVZj**
(Knighthood of the Garter) iznku dh FkhA lkezkKh dh bl o`Qik dks Lohdkj
djus osQ lEcUèk esa ykMZ ikeLVZu (Lord Palmerston) us vius ,d fe=k dks
;ksa fy[kk Fkk%
^^eSaus lkezkKh dh bl mikf/ dks blfy, o`QrKrkiwoZd Lohdkj fd;k gS
fd ijekRek dks /U;okn gS—mikf/ izkfIr dks ;ksX;rk lUnsg ls ijs gSAa **
eSa [kqn dks de ;k cs'kh mlh fLFkfr esa ikrk gwaA ;g ckr eSa blfy, dgrk
gwa fd vkius eq>s viuk lHkkifr Lohdkj fd;k gS osQoy bl vk/kj ij fd
 [5]

eSa bl lHkk dk lcls o;kso`¼ lnL; gwaA vLrq] pkgs ftu dkj.kksa ls Hkh vkius
eq>s lHkkifr pquk gks] eSa blosQ fy, vkidk ân; ls vkHkkjh gwaA lkoZtfud
lsokvksa osQ fy, eq>s bl nh?kZ thou esa vusd lEeku feys gSa] ij eSa vkidks
fo'okl fnykrk gwa fd eSa vkidh bl o`Qik dks loksZPp lEeku le>rk gwa vkSj
bls vius vof'k"V thou esa lnk lqjf{kr j[kwaxkA

bl ,sfrgkfld vkSj Lej.kh; volj ij vxj eSa fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ D;k gS] bl

igyw ij vkiosQ lkeus oqQN ckr dgwa rks eq>s fo'okl gS fd vki oqQN [;ky
u djsaxsA ns'k osQ fy, fo/ku cukus dh ;g jktuSfrd iz.kkyh gekjs fczVsu fuoklh
iztk cU/qvksa dks ugha ekywe FkhA ;g blfy, fd fczfV'k fo/ku esa fo/ku ewyd
fu;e (Constituent law) cksy dj dksbZ pht ugha gSA loZ'kfDr lEiUu lHkk
gksus osQ dkj.k fczfV'k ikfyZ;kesaV dks lHkh dkuwukas dks] ;gka rd fd fo/ku ewyd
fu;eksa dks Hkh cukus vkSj jí djus dk [kkl vf/dkj ;k lqfo/k izkIr gSA vr%
fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ dh okLrfod fLFkfr D;k gS] bls tkuus osQ fy, gesa fczVsu dks
NksM+ nwljs ns'kksa dh vksj ns[kuk gksxkA ;wjksi esa fLoV~tjySaM osQ izkphure iztkra=k
osQ ikl Hkh okLrfod vFkZ esa fo/ku ewyd fu;e (Constituent Law) ugha gSa]
D;ksafd ;g dbZ 'krkfCn;ka igys ,sfrgkfld dkj.kkas vkSj ?kVukvksa osQ o'korhZ gks]
vius vkt osQ vkdkj ls dgha vf/d NksVs vkdkj esa mRiUu gqvk FkkA tks
Hkh gks] fLoV~tjySaM dh orZeku oS/kfud iz.kkyh us dbZ mYys[kuh; vkSj
mins'kkRed ckrksa dh iwfrZ dh gS] ftudh fliQkfj'k cM+s&cM+s ;ksX; vf/dkfj;ksa
;k fo}kuksa us Hkkjrh; fo/ku fuekZrkvksa ls dh gSA eq>s fo'okl gS] ;g lHkk
fLol&fo/ku dk è;ku ls euu djsxh vkSj Lora=k Hkkjr osQ mi;qDr&fo/ku osQ
fuekZ.k esa ykHk mBkus osQ fy, bldk mi;ksx djus dh dksf'k'k djsxhA

;wjksi dk ,dek=k nwljk jkT; ftlosQ fo/ku dh vksj lqfo/k izkfIr osQ fy,
ge n`f"V Mky ldrs gSa] og gS izQkal dk fo/kuA bldh igyh fo/ku&ifj"kn~~
^^izQkalhlh jk"Vªh; ifj"kn~~** (The French National Assembly) osQ uke ls lu~
1789 esa tc izQkalhlh jkT;&ØkfUr izsQUp jktra=k dsk m[kkM+ isaQdus esa liQy
gqbZ] cqykbZ xbZ FkhA ij rc ls le;&le; ij izQkalhlh x.kra=k iz.kkyh ifjofrZr
gksrh vkbZ gS vkSj fiQygky Hkh ;g de ;k os'kh fuekZ.k izfØ;k esa gSA vr%
;|fi fo/ku ewyd fu;eksa ls lEcU/ j[kus okyh izQkalhlh iz.kkyh osQ vè;;u
ls vki mruk ykHk ugha mBk ldrs] ftruk fd fLol iz.kkyh osQ vè;;u ls]
fiQj Hkh dksbZ dkj.k ugha fd vki fo/ku&fuekZ.k osQ vius egku dk;Z esa mlls
tks Hkh ykHk feyrs gksa] mUgsa izkIr djus dk iz;kl u djsaA
 [6]

izQkalhlh fo/ku fuekZrk] tks lu~ 1789 esa vius ns'k dh izFke fo/ku&ifj"kn~~
esa lfEefyr gq, Fks] os blls nks o"kZ iwoZ 1787 esa fiQykMsfYiQ;k esa gksus okys
vesfjdu fo/ku fuekZrkvksa osQ ,sfrgkfld fo/ku&lEesyu (Constitutional
Convention) dh dkjZokbZ ls oLrqr% Lo;a cgqr izHkkfor FksA l&ikfyZ;kesaV fczfV'k
lezkV osQ izfr viuh jktfu"Bk (allegiance) dk ifjR;kx dj vesfjdk osQ foèkku&
fuekZrk leosr gq, Fks vkSj mUgksaus ,slk fo/ku cuk;k] tks vkt nqfu;k esa lcls
Bksl vkSj O;kogkfjd fo/ku le>k tkrk gS vkSj og gS Hkh ,slkA ;gh egku
fo/ku ckn esa cus lHkh fo/kuksa osQ fy,] u osQoy izQkal osQ] cfYd dukMk]
vkLVªsfy;k vkSj nf{k.kh vizQhdk izHk`fr fczfV'k dkeuosYFk osQ Lok;Ùk 'kklu iw.kZ
lHkh mifuos'kksa osQ fo/kuksa osQ fy, vkn'kZ Lo:i ekuk x;k FkkA eq>s lUnsg
ugha gS fd vki Hkh vkSj ns'kksa dh fo/ku&i¼fr dh vis{kk vesfjdu foèkku&
i¼fr dh vksj vf/d è;ku nsaxsA

eSaus mQij ppkZ dh gS fd fczfV'k dkeuosYFk osQ mifuos'kksa osQ Lok;Ùk 'kklu
izkIr fo/ku vxj vesfjdu fo/ku dh gwcgw izfr ugha gS] rks de ls de
cgqr gn rd mlosQ gh vk/kj ij cus gSaA vesfjdk dh fo/ku&iz.kkyh ls ykHk
mBkus okyk igyk ns'k dukMk FkkA Lo&'kklu&fo/ku cukus osQ fy, bl ns'k
dk ,sfrgkfld lEesyu (Convention) lu~ 1864 esa osQcsd esa gqvk FkkA blh
lEesyu us dukMk dk fo/ku cuk;k] tks ckn esa fczfV'k ikfyZ;kesaV }kjk lu~
1867 esa Loho`Qr ^^fczfV'k ukFkZ vesfjdu ,DV** (The British North American
Act) esa feyk fn;k x;k] tks Act vkt Hkh Statute Book esa ntZ gSA vkidks
;g tku dj 'kk;n fnypLih gksxh fd osQcsd lEesyu (Quebek Convention)
esa osQoy 33 izfrfuf/ gh Fks] tks dukMk osQ lkjs izkarksa ls vk;s Fks vkSj osQoy
rsarhl izfrfuf/;ksa osQ bl lEesyu us fNgÙkj izLrko ikl fd;s] tks ckn esa T;ksa
osQ R;ksa ^^fczfV'k ukFkZ vesfjdu ,DV** (British North American Act) esa leosr
dj fn;s x;s vkSj bUgha osQ vk/kj ij lu~ 1867 esa fczfV'k dkeuosYFk vkWiQ
dukMk (British Commonwealth of Canada) osQ Lok;Ùk 'kklu izkIr mifuos'k
dh mRifÙk gqbZA fczfV'k ikfyZ;kesaV us bl dukfM;u lEesyu dh lkjh ;kstuk,a
osQoy ,d la'kks/u osQ lkFk T;ksa dh R;ksa Lohdkj dj yhaA ekuuh; lnL;ks]
esjh vk'kk vkSj izkFkZuk gS fd vkidk iz;kl Hkh blh rjg lkiQY; eafMr gksA
 [7]

vesfjdk dh fo/ku iz.kkyh vkLVªsfy;k vkSj nf{k.kh vizQhdk osQ fo/ku fuekZ.k
dh ;kstukvksa esa Hkh deh&os'kh O;oâr dh x;h gSaA blls Li"V gS fd lu~
1787 esa fiQykMsfYiQ;k esa leosr vesfjdu lEesyu dk ifj.kke fofHkUu ns'kksa
osQ Lora=k la?k&'kklu&fo/ku osQ cukus osQ fy, vkn'kZ Lo:i ekuk x;k FkkA bUgha
dkj.kksa ls eSaus ;g mfpr le>k fd vkidk è;ku vesfjdk dh fo/ku iz.kkyh
vkSj fo/ku ewyd fu;eksa dh vksj vko`Q"V d:a fd vki è;ku ls mldk vè;;u
djsa] blfy, ugha fd vki mls iw.kZr% xzg.k djsa] cfYd blfy, fd vius
lkekftd] jktuSfrd vkSj vkfFkZd thou osQ vuqlkj mudh O;oLFkkvksa dks
vko';d la'kks/uksa osQ lkFk] ns'k dh vko';drkuqlkj foosd osQ lkFk viuk;saA
Jh equjks (Munro) dk tks bl fo"k; osQ loZekU; vf/dkj gSa] dFku gS fd
vesfjdk dk fo/ku cgqr&lh 'krks± vkSj le>kSrksa osQ vk/kj ij fufeZr gSA
Jh equjks osQ eUrO; osQ vuqlkj gh eSaus vkidks ;g jk; nh gSA vius vkèkh
'krkCnh osQ lkoZtfud thou osQ vuqHkoksa osQ vk/kj ij eSa ;g vkSj Hkh dguk
pkgrk gwa fd Hkkjr tSls ns'k osQ fy, fo/ku cukus esa roZQlaxr 'krks± vkSj
foosdiw.kZ le>kSrksa dh ftruh vko';drk gS] mruh vkSj dgha ughaA

vesfjdu fo/ku osQ vk/kjHkwr fl¼karksa dks roZQlaxr 'krks± ,oa foosdiw.kZ
le>kSrksa osQ lkFk [kwc lksp fopkj dj vki Lohdkj djsa] ,slh fliQkfj'k djrs
gq, cgqr vPNk gksxk fd eSa ml fo"k; osQ loksZPp fczfV'k fo}ku Jh foLdkmUV
czkbl (Viscount Bryce) osQ mYys[kuh; dFku dks m¼`r d:a tks mUgksaus viuh
vej iqLrd nh vesfjdu dkeuosYFk (The American Commonwealth) esa
vesfjdu fo/ku osQ vk/kjHkwr fl¼kUrksa dk lkjka'k j[krs gq, ;ksa fy[kk gS%

^^vesfjdk dk ossQUnzh; la?k osQoy ,d yhx (tekvr) ugha gS] D;ksafd

mldk vfLrRo ogka osQ fHkUu&fHkUu LVsVksa ;k izkUrksas ij fuHkZj ugha djrkA
;g rks [kqn loZ'kfDr lEiUu dkeuosYFk vkSj dfri; dkeuosYFkksa dk la?k
gS] D;ksafd mls rks lh/s izR;sd ukxfjd ij 'kklukf/dkj izkIr gS vkSj
og bl vf/dkj dks vius U;k;ky;ksa vkSj vf/dkfj;ksa ;k gkfdeksa
(Executives) osQ }kjk izR;sd ukxfjd ij ykxw djrk gSA baXySaM ;k izQkal
dh rjg ;gka osQ fHkUu&fHkUu LVsV ;k fj;klrsa egt la?k osQ varxZr
 [8]

,d NksVk&lk bykdk ugha gS] cfYd mudks vius ukxfjdksa ij 'kklukfèkdkj

izkIr esa] tks mUgsa osQUnzh; la?k ls ugha feyk gSA**

;g lEHko gS fd viuh vko';drkuqlkj cqf¼eÙkkiwoZd viukbZ gqbZ fdlh

,slh gh ;kstuk osQ Lora=k Hkkjr osQ fo/ku dk lUrks"ktud gy fey tk;s vkSj
og fo/ku bl ns'k osQ izk;% lHkh izeq[k nyksa dh okftc vk'kkvksa vkSj vkdka{kkvksa
dks lUrks"k ns losQA vesfjdu fo/ku osQ egku xq.kksa ij loksZPp fczfV'k fo}ku
dk m¼j.k eSaus vkidks fn;k gSA vc eSa tkWlsiQ LVksjh (Joseph Story) uked
loksZPp vesfjdu jurist dk dkiQh yEck m¼j.k lqukrk gwa vkSj vk'kk gS] esjh
rjg /hjt j[kdj vki lqusaxsA ‘‘Commentaries on the Constitution of the
United States’’ uked izfl¼ iqLrd osQ vUr esa vkius oqQN mYys[kuh; vkSj
mRlkgizn ckrsa dgh gSa] ftls vkiosQ euu ;ksX; le>dj eSa vkiosQ lkeus j[krk
gwaA

og ;ksa gS%

^^vesfjdk osQ uo;qodksa dks ;g dHkh u Hkwyuk pkfg, fd vius foèkku

esa mUgsa ,d ,slh mQaph fojklr feyh gS] ftls muosQ iwoZtksa us vFkd
ifjJe] d"V vkSj cfynku djosQ] viuk [kwu nsdj mikftZr fd;k Fkk
vkSj ;fn bZekunkjh ls bldh j{kk dh tk;s vkSj cqf¼eÙkk ls bls vkSj
leqUur cuk;k tk;s rks og bl ;ksX; gS fd og muosQ lqnwjHkkoh oa'ktksa
dks thou dh leLr dkeuk;s— a Lokra=;] lEiUurk vkSj /eZ dk lq[kn miHkksx—
iznku dj ldrk gSA bl fo/ku dh bekjr dks cM+s&cM+s oqQ'ky dkjhxjksa
us cuk;k gS_ bldh uhao Bksl gS_ bl bekjr dk gj fgLlk cM+k iQk;nseUn
vkSj [kwclwjr gS_ bldh O;oLFkk cqf¼ vkSj rkjrE; ls iw.kZ gS_ bldh
j{kkRed O;oLFkk ckgj ls vts; gS_ ;g bl rjg [kM+h dh x;h gS fd
vej jgs—;fn euq";o`Qfr vejRo izkfIr dh vf/dkjh gks ldrh gSA ij
vius j{kdksa dh ;kuh iztk dh ew[kZrk] mis{kk vkSj vkpkjghurk ls ;g
bekjr {k.k Hkj esa <gdj [kaMgj cu tk ldrh gSA eSa pkgwaxk] vki
bls ;kn j[ksa fd iztkra=kksa dh LFkkiuk gksrh gS ukxfjdksa osQ cqf¼cy ls]
mudh tulsok Hkkouk vkSj muosQ xq.kksa ls] vkSj tc bZekunkj cus jgus
dk lkgl j[kus osQ dkj.k cqf¼eku vkSj foosdijk;.k iq#"k tulHkkvksa
ls cfg"o`Qr dj fn;s tkrs gSa vkSj fl¼kUr&foghu O;fDr turk dks Bxus
 [9]

osQ fy;s mldh feF;k iz'kalk ;k [kq'kken dj lEeku izkIr djus yxrs
gSa] rks iztkra=k fou"V gks tkrs gSaA**

vesfjdk osQ vkn'kZ fo/ku osQ ckjs esa ,d vkSj fo}ku dk dFku eSa m¼`r
djrk gwaA Jh tsEl (James) tks ,d le; vesfjdk osQ lkfyflVj tujy FksA
‘‘The Constitution of the United States—Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow’’
uked viuh ikf.MR;iw.kZ iqLrd esa fy[krs gSa%

^^'kklu iz.kkfy;ksa osQ egkS"kf/ Lo:i fdrus gh fo/ku cus vkSj fcxM+s]
ij vesfjdu fo/ku dh fLFkjrk osQ lEcU/ esa og mQapk mn~xkj ykxw
fd;k tk ldrk gS] tks MkWDVj tkWulu us egkdfo 'ksDlfi;j dh
vejdhfrZ dh iz'kalk esa dgk gSA tgka cM+s&cM+s Bksl fo/ku le; osQ
izcy izokg esa cg x;s] vesfjdk dk 'kfDr'kkyh fo/ku blls fcYoqQy
vNwrk cp x;kA izFke nl la'kks/uksa dks NksM+ dj tks izk;% ewy izLrko
osQ gh Hkkx Fks] osQoy ukS la'kks/u gh 139 o"kks± osQ nh?kZdky esa viuk;s
x;sA Hkyk dkSu&lh nwljh 'kklu iz.kkyh gS tks tekus dh tkap esa blls
T;knk iDdh lkfcr gqbZ gksA**

ekuuh; lnL;ks] esjh ;g izkFkZuk gS fd tks fo/ku vki cukus tk jgs gSa
og Hkh vej gks] ^;fn ekuo o`Qfr ,slk egÙo ikus dk oLrqr% vf/dkjh gks
ldrh gS] vkSj ,slk izcy 'kfDr&lEiUu gks fd orZeku vkSj Hkfo"; dh reke
fouk'kdkjh 'kfDr;ksa dks in~nfyr dj nsA

vesfjdk vkSj ;wjksi osQ fo/ku&fuekZ.k osQ oqQN igyqvksa dh vksj vkidk è;ku
vko`Q"V dj ysus osQ ckn vc eSa vius fo/ku lEcU/h iz'u osQ oqQN igyqvksa
dh vksj ykHk osQ fy;s vkidk è;ku vko`Q"V djuk pkgrk gwaA egkRek xka/h
osQ lu~ 1922 esa fn;s ,d oDrO; esa fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ dk ftØ eq>s feyk gS]
;|fi bl uke ls ughaA egkRekth us fy[kk Fkk%

^^LojkT; fczfV'k ikfyZ;kesVa dh vksj ls ,d migkj dh rjg ugha gksxkA ;g

rks Hkkjr dh leLr ekaxksa dh Loho`Qfr lwpd ,d ?kks"k.kk gksxh] ftls fczfV'k
ikfyZ;kesVa ,d dkuwu ikl dj] iznku djsxhA ijUrq ;g ?kks"k.kk rks Hkkjrh;
turk dh fpj ?kksf"kr ekaxksa dh osQoy lkStU;iw.kZ Loho`Qfr gh gksxhA ;g
 [10]

Loho`Qfr crkSj lfU/ ;k le>kSrs osQ gksxh ftlesa fczVsu ,d ikVhZ jgsxkA
tc ;g le>kSrk gksxk rks fczfV'k ikfyZ;kesaV Hkkjrh; iztk dh bPNkuqlkj
pqus gq, izfrfuf/;ksa }kjk O;Dr dh gqbZ Hkkjrh; turk dh ekaxksa dks Lohdkj
djsxhA**

le;&le; ij fHkUu&fHkUu jktuSfrd laxBuksa vkSj usrkvksa us Hkkjrh; turk

dh bPNkuqlkj pqus izfrfuf/;ksa ls cuh fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ lEcU/h egkRekth dh ekax
dk tcjnLr leFkZu fd;k FkkA ij ebZ lu~ 1934 esa jkaph (fcgkj) esa laxfBr
^Lojkt ikVhZ* us ,d ;kstuk cukbZ ftlesa fuEufyf[kr izLrko Hkh 'kkfey FkkA
izLrko ;ksa Fkk%

^^;g dkUizsQUl Hkkjro"kZ osQ fy;s vkRe&fu.kZ; osQ vf/dkj dk nkok djrh
gS vkSj bl fl¼kUr dks dk;kZfUor djus dk ,dek=k jkLrk ;g gS fd
Hkkjrh; turk osQ lHkh oxks± dk izfrfuf/Ro djus okyh ,d fo/ku&ifj"kn~~
cqykbZ tk;s] tks ,d Loho`Qfr&;ksX; fo/ku cuk;sA**

tks uhfr bl izLrko esa lfUufgr gS] mls oqQN fnuksa ckn vf[ky Hkkjrh;
dkaxzsl desVh us] ftldh cSBd fcgkj dh jkt/kuh iVuk esa ebZ lu~ 1934
esa gqbZ Fkh] Lohdkj fd;kA bl rjg Hkkjrh; fo/ku cukus osQ fy, fo/ku&ifj"kn~~
dh ;kstuk dks vf[ky Hkkjrh; dkaxzsl us O;Dr:i ls viuk;kA

fnlEcj lu~ 1936 esa iSQtiqj esa gksus okys dkaxzsl vf/os'ku esa mDr izLrko
dk iqu% leFkZu fd;k x;kA leFkZu djus okys izLrko esa ;ksa ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ Fkh%

^^dkaxzsl Hkkjr esa okLrfod iztkra=kh; jkT; pkgrh gS] tgka lEiw.kZ jktuSfrd
lÙkk turk dks gLrkUrfjr dj nh x;h gks vkSj gqowQer (Government)
lEiw.kZr% iztk osQ gkFk esa gksA ,sls jkT; dk fuekZ.k rks ,slh fo/ku&ifj"kn~~
gh dj ldrh gS] tks ns'k osQ fy, fo/ku cukus dh leLr lÙkk j[krh
gksA**

uoEcj lu~ 1936 esa dkaxszl dh dk;Z&lfefr us ,d izLrko ikl fd;k ftlesa
;g dgk x;k Fkk%

^^Hkkjr dh Lora=krk rFkk mldh turk dks fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ osQ }kjk viuk
foèkku fuekZ.k djus osQ vf/dkj dh Loho`Qfr ijeko';d gSA**
 [11]

eSa ;g Hkh dg nwa fd mijksDr izLrkoksa esa ftuls eSaus m¼j.k fn;k gS] (ftls
uoEcj lu~ 1939 esa dk;Z&lfefr us ikl fd;k vkSj lu~ 1936 esa iSQtiqj osQ
dkaxzsl vf/os'ku us ikl fd;k) ;g dgk x;k Fkk fd fo/ku&ifj"kn~ ckfyx
erkf/dkj osQ fl¼kUr osQ vk/kj ij pquh tkuh pkfg,A tc ls lu~ 1934 esa
dkaxzsl us bl iz'u ij usr`Ro iznku fd;k] ns'k osQ izk;% lHkh jktuhfr psruk
lEiUu oxks± esa fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ dk fopkj crkSj fo'okl (Article of Faith) dh
rjg tksj idM+ x;k gSA
ekpZ lu~ 1940 osQ igys tcls eqfLye yhx us ikfdLrku lEcU/h izLrko
j[kk] ;g jktuSfrd laxBu (eqfLye yhx) bl ns'k osQ fo/ku&fuekZ.k osQ fy;s
fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ gh mfpr vkSj mi;qDr mik; gS] bl fopkj osQ i{k esa eSa dHkh
u FkkA ikfdLrku lEcU/h izLrko Lohdkj djus osQ ckn eqfLye yhx dk #[k
fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ dh LFkkiuk osQ i{k esa cny x;k gSA ij os nks fo/ku&ifj"knsa
pkgrs gSa] ,d rks ml {ks=k osQ fy;s ftls yhx i`Fko~Q eqfLye LVsV cukus dh
ekax djrh gS vkSj nwljk 'ks"k Hkkjr osQ fy,A bl rjg dgk tk ldrk gS fd
ns'k osQ fo/ku fuekZ.k osQ fy;s fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ dh dYiuk dkss bu nksuksa izeq[k
jktuSfrd nyksa us lu~ 1940 esa Lohdkj fd;k vkSj izJ; fn;kA ij nksuksa esa
vUrj ;g Fkk fd dkaxzsl leLr Hkkjr osQ fy;s ,d fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ pkgrh Fkh
tc fd eqfLye yhx ns'k esa nks jkT;ksa dh ekax osQ vuqlkj nks fo/ku&ifj"kn~~sa
pkgrh FkhA vLrq] pkgs ,d ifj"kn~~ gks ;k nks] ns'k osQ fo/ku&fuekZ.k osQ fy,
fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ gh mi;qDr mik; gS] ;g fopkj ml le; rd Li"V :i esa
mRiUu vkSj tkx`r gks pqdk FkkA blh tcnZLr ekufld tkxj.k osQ lEcU/ esa
ia- tokgjyky usg: us dgk Fkk—^^bldk eryc gS fd ,d jk"Vª vius pqus
gq, izfrfuf/;ksa }kjk vius fy,] Lo'kklu fuekZ.k osQ fy, vxzlj gks pqdk gSA**
eq>s bruk vkSj Hkh crk nsuk gS fd lizw&lfefr (Sapru Committee) osQ
lnL;ksa us Hkh Hkkjr dk 'kklu&fo/ku cukus osQ fy;s fo/ku&ifj"kn~~ gh loksZÙke
mik; gS] bl dYiuk dks ilUn fd;k FkkA bl lfefr us viuh fjiksVZ esa] tks
xr o"kZ lu~ 1945 esa izdkf'kr gqbZ gS] fo/ku&ifj"kn~ osQ fuekZ.k osQ fy, ,d
fo'ks"k ;kstuk Hkh cukbZ gSA ij vkt ge lc bl lHkk esa fczfV'k oSQfcusV fe'ku
}kjk fufeZr ;kstuk osQ vuqlkj leosr gq, gSa dkaxzsl] yhx ,oa vU; jktuSfrd
laxBuksa }kjk bl elys ij fn;s x;s lq>koksa ls erHksn j[krs gq;s Hkh fczfV'k
oSQfcusV fe'ku us ,d ;kstuk cukbZ gSA bl ;kstuk dks ;|fi lcus rks ugha
 [12]

Lohdkj fd;k gS] ij u fliZQ ns'k osQ ize[q k jktuSfrd nyksa us vkSj jktuhfr&psruk&
lEiUu oxks± us gh] cfYd mu yksxksa us Hkh ftudk fdlh [kkl jktuSfrd&ny
ls lEcU/ ugha gS] mls orZeku jktuSfrd xfrjks/ dks nwj djus osQ fy;s ijh{k.kh;
eku dj Lohdkj fd;k gSA ;g jktuSfrd xfrjks/ vlsZ ls pyk vk jgk gS vkSj
blus gekjh leLr dkeukvksa vkSj y{;ksa ij ikuh isQj j[kk gSA esjh bPNk ugha
gS fd eSa fczfV'k oSQfcusV fe'ku dh ;kstuk osQ xq.kksa ij vkSj oqQN dgwa] D;ksafd
blls eSa erHksn osQ iz'uksa ij fo"k;kUrfjr gks tkmQaxk vkSj esjh bPNk ugha fd
eSa bl volj ij fo"k;kUrj esa iMwaA eSa tkurk gwa fd fczfV'k oSQfcusV fe'ku
dh ;kstuk osQ oqQN Hkkx ij gekjs oqQN jktuSfrd nyksa esa xgjk erHksn gS vkSj
blfy;s eSa ugha pkgrk fd ,sls LFky ij pyk tkmQa] tgka tkus esa cMs+&cM+s
jktuSfrd nso Hkh Mjrs gksaA

ekuuh; lnL;ks] eq>s Hk; gS fd 'kk;n eSaus vkidk dkiQh le; ys fy;k]
vr% vc vius oDrO; dks lekIr djrk gwaA Hkkjrh; bfrgkl dk ;g egku
vkSj Lej.kh; volj vHkwriwoZ gSA ns'k dh turk dh cgqla[;d Jsf.k;ksa us ftl
vnE; mRlkg ls bl ifj"kn~~ dk Lokxr fd;k gS] og cstksM+ gSA ifj"kn~~ lEcUèkh
iz'uksa us ns'k osQ fofHkUu lEiznk;ksa esa tks fnypLih mRiUu dh gS og vf}rh;
gS vkSj lcls cM+h ckr ;g gS fd gekjh lcls cM+h leL;k—gekjh jktuSfrd
Lora=krk] gekjh vkfFkZd Lora=krk—ij le>kSrk izkIr djus dh mTToy vk'kk vkt
Hkh orZeku gS_ vkSj vkidks bruh nsj rd jksd j[kus esa ;gh ,dek=k vkSfpR;
gSA esjh dkeuk gS fd vkidk iz;Ru liQyhHkwr gksA eSa ijekRek ls izkFkZuk djrk
gwa fd og vkidks viuk eaxye; vk'khokZn ns] ftlls vkidh ifj"kn~~ dh dkjZokbZ
osQoy foosd] tu&lsok&Hkkouk vkSj fo'kq¼ ns'kHkfDr ls gh ifjiw.kZ u gks] cfYd
cqf¼eÙkk] lfg".kqrk] U;k; vkSj lcosQ izfr lEeku] ln~Hkkouk ls Hkh vksrizksr gksA
Hkxoku ifj"kn~~ osQ dk;Z lapkyu esa vkidks og nwjn`f"V ns] ftlls Hkkjr dks
iqu% viuk vrhr xkSjo izkIr gks vkSj mls fo'o osQ egku jk"Vªksa osQ chp izfr"Bk
vkSj lekurk dk LFkku feysA egku Hkkjrh; dfo bdcky dh pUn fpj lqUnj
iafDr;ka vkidks bl iquhr volj ij lqukrk gwaA ml dfo dks ns'k dk fdruk
vfHkeku Fkk! bl izkphu ,sfrgkfld vkSj egku ns'k osQ lkSHkkX; dh vejrk osQ
izfr mldk fdruk /zqo fo'okl Fkk! Lej.k jgs fd vkidks bl dfo osQ vej
fo'okl vkSj vfHkeku dks lgh lkfcr djuk gSA dfork ;ksa gS%
 [13]

;wuku] feJ] jkseka] lc feV x;s tgka ls]

ckdh vHkh ryd gS ukeks&fu'kka gekjkA
oqQN ckr gS fd gLrh feVrh ugha gekjh]
lfn;ksa jgk gS nq'eu nkSjs teka gekjkAA
bldk vFkZ ;ksa gS%—^^xzhl] felz vkSj jkse izHk`fr lHkh ns'k nqfu;k osQ insZ
ls mB x;s] ij gekjs ns'k dk uke vkSj xkSjo vkt Hkh le; osQ fouk'kdkjh
izokg ls la?k"kZ djrk gqvk thfor gSA 'krkfCn;ksa ls nSo dh gh dksi&n`f"V ge
ij jgh gS] ij vo'; gh ge esa oqQN ,sls vej&rRo gSa] ftUgksaus gekjs fou"V
djus okys lkjs iz;klksa dks iNkM+ fn;k gSA**
eSa vkils ;g fo'ks"k vuqjks/ djrk gwa fd vki vius iz;Ru esa fo'kky vkSj
mnkj n`f"V ls dke ysaA ifo=k xzaFk ckbfcy gesa fl[kkrk gS—^^tgka nwj&n`f"V
ugha gS] ogka euq"; dk fouk'k gSA** (g"kZèofu)
_______

milHkkifr dk euksuhrdj.k
lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk)% eq>s osQoy O;fDrxr dkj.kksa ls vkiosQ
lkeus ,d izLrko j[kuk gSA vk'kk gS] o`Qi;k vki bldk leFkZu djsaxsA vius
fpfdRld dh lykg ls eSa xr dbZ o"kks± ls nksigj ckn oqQN Hkh dke djus
esa vleFkZ gwaA eSa ugha pkgrk fd tyiku osQ vodk'k osQ ckn eSa fiQj dk;Z&
lapkyu d:aA vr% tc rd eSa vLFkk;h lHkkifr gwa vkSj lHkk esa ifjp;&i=k
(Credential) is'k djus vkSj jftLVj esa gLrk{kj djus dk dke pyrk gS] rc
rd osQ fy;s eSa lHkk ls vuqjks/ djrk gwa fd og eq>s ,d milHkkifr dh
lgk;rk nsA eSa izLrko djrk gwa fd bl in osQ fy;s Jh izSaQd ,UFkkWuh
(Mr. Frank Anthony) dks vki uketn djsaA (oqQN #ddj) eSa bl izLrko dks
Loho`Qr ?kksf"kr djrk gwaA
_______

Jh izlUunso jSoqQV dh e`R;q

lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk)% eq>s lwpuk feyh gS fd fu;ekuqlkj pqus
gq, bl ifj"kn~~ osQ ,d lnL; caxky osQ Jh izlUunso jSoqQV dh e`R;q gks xbZ
 [14]

gSA bl lHkk (Constituent Assembly) dh vksj ls eSa muosQ lEcfU/;ksa dks laosnuk
Hkstuk pkgrk gwaA esjk [;ky gS fd eSa bls Loho`Qr le> ldrk gwaA
_______

ifjp;&i=k dh is'kh vkSj jftLVj esa gLrk{kj

lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk)% vc eSa le>rk gwa fd gesa ifjp;&i=kksa
dh is'kh vkSj jftLVj esa gLrk{kj dh dkjZokbZ 'kq: djuh pkfg,A eSa viuk
ifjp;&i=k Lo;a vius lkeus is'k djrk gwaA ;|fi ekuuh; lnL;ksa dks blesa
oqQN [kkl jLesa vnk djuh iM+rh gSa] ij gLrk{kj djus osQ ckn lnL;ksa dk
eap rd vkdj lHkkifr ls gkFk feykus dh jLe dks eSa gVk nsrk gwaA dy
ge yksxksa us bldh ijh{kk dh vkSj ns[kk fd gj lnL; dks gLrk{kj djus osQ
ckn ?kwedj eap ij vkus vkSj lHkkifr ls gkFk feykdj vius LFkku ij tkus
esa nks feuV ugha rks de ls de Ms<+ feuV rks vo'; gh yx tkrs gSaA blfy,
eSaus lkspk fd ;g jLe gVk nsuh pkfg;sA ea=kh (Secretary) vc ekuuh; lnL;ksa
dk uke iqdkjsaxs vkSj lnL; muosQ ikl tkdj vki viuk ifjp;&i=k nsaxs vkSj
jftLVj esa gLrk{kj dj vius LFkku ij okfil pys tk;saxsA
fuEufyf[kr lnL;ksa us rc vius ifjp;&i=k (credential) is'k fd;s vkSj
jftLVj esa vius gLrk{kj fd;s%
enzkl
1- ekuuh; Jh lh- jktkxksikykpk;Z
2- MkW- ch- iV~VkfHk lhrkjeS;k
3- ekuuh; Jh Vh- izdk'ke~
4- ekuuh; nhoku cgknqj lj ,u- xksikyLokeh vk;axj
5- nhoku cgknqj lj vYyknh o`Q".kkLokeh vÕ;j
6- Jherh vEew LokfeukFku] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
7- feLVj ,l-,p- izsVj] vks-ch-bZ-] ts-ih-] lh-,e-tsM-,l-] ,e-,y-,- (cEcbZ)
8- MkW- ih- lqCcjk;u~
9- egkjkt cksfCcyh
 [15]

10- Jh ,e- vuar'k;ue~ vk;axj] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)

11- izksisQlj ,u-th- jaxk] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
12- Jh Vh-,- jkekfyaxe psfV~V;j] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
13- Jh osQ- dkejkt ukMj] ,e-,y-,-
14- Jh osQ- ek/o esuu] ,e-,y-lh-
15- Jh ch- f'kokjko
16- Jh osQ- lUrkue~
17- Jh Vh-Vh- o`Q".kekpkjh
18- Jh ch- xksiky jsM~Mh] ,e-,y-,-
19- Jherh nk{kk;.kh osyk;qnu] ,e-,y-lh- (dksphu)
20- Jh ch-vkbZ- eqfuLokeh fiYybZ] ,e-,y-,-
21- Jh osQ- pUnzekSfy] ,e-,y-,-
22- Jh Mh- xksfoUnnkl] ,e-,y-,-
23- jsojsUV tsjkse Mhlwtk] ,l-ts-
24- Jh jkeukFk xks;udk
25- Jh ,p- lhrkjke jsM~Mh] ,e-,y-,-
26- Jh ;w- Jhfuokl eYyÕ;k
27- Jh dkyk osadVjko] ,e-,y-,-
28- Jh ih- oqQUghjkeu
29- Jherh th- nqxkZckbZ
30- Jh ih- dDdu] ,e-,y-,-
31- Jh ,e- latho jsM~Mh] ,e-,y-,-
32- Jh vks-ih- jkekLokeh jsfM~M;j] ,e-,y-lh-
33- Jh lh- is:eyLokeh jsM~Mh] ,e-,y-lh-
34- Jh ,e-lh- ohjckgq fiYybZ
35- feLVj Vh-ts-,e- foYlu] ,e-,y-,-
36- Jh ih-,y- ujflEgk jktw] ,e-,y-,-
37- Jh ,l- ukxIik] ,e-,y-,-
38- Jh ,y- o`Q".kkLokeh Hkkjrh
39- Jh vks-oh- vyxslu
40- Jh oh-lh- osQ'kojko
41- MkW- oh- lqczã.;e
 [16]

42- Jh lh- lqczã.;e~

43- Jh oh- ukMheqFkq fiYybZ

cEcbZ
1- ekuuh; ljnkj oYyHkHkkbZ ts- iVsy
2- ekuuh; Jh ch-th- [ksj
3- ekuuh; MkW- ,e-vkj- t;dj ih-lh-
4- Jh osQ-,e- eqa'kh
5- Jh 'kadj nÙkk=ks; nso
6- Jh ujgj fo".kq xkMfxy
7- Jh ,l-osQ- ikfVy
8- Jherh galkesgrk] ,e-,y-lh-
9- MkW- tksliQ vky~cu Mh- lkStk] ,e-,y-,-
10- Jh ,e-vkj- elkuh] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
11- Jh vkj-,e- uyons] ,e-,y-,-
12- Jh ch-,e- xqIrs] ,e-,y-,-
13- Jh ,l- futfyaxIik
14- Jh vkj-vkj- fnokdj
15- Jh ,l-,u- ekus] ,e-,y-,-
16- Jh [kUMwHkkbZ dkluth nslkbZ
17- Jh ,p-oh- ikrkLdj] ,e-,y-,-
18- Jh dUgS;kyky ukukHkkbZ nslkbZ] ,e-,y-,-
19- Jh osQ-,e- ts/h

caxky
1- Jh 'kjrpUnz cksl
2- MkW ch-vkj- vEcsMdj
3- Jh fdj.k'kadj jk;] ,e-,y-,-
4- fe- iSzQUd jsthukYM ,UFkkWuh] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
5- Jh lR;jatu c['kh
6- MkW- iziqQYypUn ?kks"k
 [17]

7- lj mn;pan egrkc] osQ-lh-vkbZ-bZ-] ,e-,y-,-

8- MkW- lqjs'kpanz cuthZ] ,e-,y-,-
9- Jh nsohizlkn [ksrku] ,e-,y-,-
10- felst yhyk js
11- Jh MEcj flag xqjax] ,e-,y-,-
12- MkW- ';kekizlkn eqdthZ] ,e-,y-,-
13- Jh vk'kqrks"k efYyd] ,e-,y-,-
14- Jh jk/kukFk nkl] ,e-,y-,-
15- Jh izeFkjatu BkoqQj] ,e-,y-,-
16- Jh gsepanz uLdj] ,e-,y-,-
17- Jh lkseukFk ykfgjh
18- Jh jktoqQekj pØoÙkhZ
19- Jh fiz;kjatu lsu
20- Jh iziqQYypanz lsu
21- Jh ts-lh- etwenkj
22- Jh lqjsanz eksgu ?kks"k
23- Jh v#.kpan xqgk
24- Jh /uat;jke] ,e-,y-,-
25- Jh /hjsUnz ukFk nÙkk] ,e-,y-,-

;w-ih-
1- vkpk;Z ts-ch- o`Qiykuh
2- ekuuh; ia- xksfoan cYyHk iar
3- ekuuh; Jh iq#"kksÙke nkl VaMu
4- ekuuh; ia- ân;ukFk oaaqQt:
5- Jh xksfoUn ekyoh;] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
6- ia- Jho`Q".knÙk ikyhoky] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
7- Jh eksguyky lDlsuk] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
8- vkpk;Z tqxy fd'kksj] ,e-,y-,-
9- Jherh iwf.kZek cuthZ] ,e-,y-,-
10- Jh Jhizdk'k] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
11- Jherh lqpsrk] o`Qiykuh
12- ljnkj tksxsUnz flag] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
 [18]

13- Jh nkeksnjLo:i lsB] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)

14- Jh vyxwjk; 'kkL=kh] ,e-,y-,-
15- Jh ca'kh/j feJ] ,e-,y-,-
16- Jh Hkxokunhu] ,e-,y-,-
17- Jh deykifr frokjh] ,e-,y-,-
18- Jherh deyk pkS/jh
19- jktk txUukFk c['kflag] ,e-,y-,-
20- Jh gfjgj ukFk 'kkL=kh] ,e-,y-,-
21- Jh xksiky ukjk;.k] ,e-,y-,-
22- Jh fiQjkst xka/h
23- Jh tlir jk; diwj
24- ekuuh; ia- tokgjyky usg:
25- ekuuh; fe- jiQhvgen fdnobZ
26- lj ,l- jk/ko`Q".ku
27- Jh n;kynkl Hkxr] ,e-,y-,-
28- Jh ,- /eZnkl] ,e-,y-,-
29- Jh xksihukFk JhokLro
30- Jh /eZizdk'k
31- Jh vthrizlkn tSu] ,e-,y-,-
32- Jh jkepUnz xqIr] ,e-,y-lh-
33- Jh izkxhyky] ,e-,y-,-
34- Jh iwQyflag] ,e-,y-,-
35- Jh elwfj;k nhu] ,e-,y-,-
36- Jh f'kCcuyky lDlsuk
37- Jh [kqj'khn yky
38- Jh lqUnj yky
39- Jh gjxksfoUn iar] ,e-,y-,-
40- Jh vkj-oh- /qysdj] ,e-,y-,-
41- Jh fo'oEHkj n;ky f=kikBh] ,e-,y-,-
42- Jh osadVs'k ukjk;.k frokjh] ,e-,y-,-
 [19]

iatkc
1- nhoku peuyky] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
2- ljnkj gjukeflag
3- ljnkj djrkjflag] ,e-,y-,-
4- ljnkj mTtyflag] ,e-,y-,-
5- ekuuh; Jh esgjpUnz [kUuk
6- ljnkj izrkiflag] ,e-,y-,-
7- c['kh lj Vsdpan
8- ljnkj i`Fohflag vktkn] ,e-,y-,-
9- iafMr Jhjke 'kekZ] ,e-,y-,-
10- jko cgknqj pkS/jh lwjtey] ,e-,y-,-
11- MkW- xksihpan HkkxZo] ,e-,y-,-
12- Jh pkS/jh gjHktjke] ,e-,y-,-
fcgkj
1- ekuuh; MkW- jktsUnz izlkn
2- Jherh ljksftuh uk;Mw
3- ekuuh; Jh txthou jke
4- ekuuh; Jh Jho`Q".k flUgk
5- Jh lR;ukjk;.k flUgk] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
6- ekuuh; egkjktkf/jkt lj dkes'ojflag] osQ-lh-vkbZ-] bZ- njHkaxk
7- MkW- ih-osQ- lsu
8- ekuuh; Jh vuqxzg ukjk;.k flUgk
9- Jh cukjlh izlkn >qu>quokyk] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
10- ekuuh; jk; cgknqj Jhukjk;.k esgrk
11- Jh ns'kca/q xqIr] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
12- Jh jkeukjk;.k flag] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
13- Jh ,-osQ- ?kks"k] ,e-,y-,-
14- Jh Hkxor izlkn] ,e-,y-,-
15- Jh cksuhisQl ydjk] ,e-,y-lh-
16- Jh jkes'ojizlkn flUgk] ,e-,y-,-
 [20]

17- Jh iwQyu izlkn oekZ] ,e-,y-,-

18- Jh egs'k izlkn flUgk] ,e-,y-,-
19- Jh 'kkjax/j flUgk] ,e-,y-,-
20- jk; cgknqj ';keuanu lgk;] ,e-,y-,-] lh-vkbZ-bZ-
21- Jh czts'oj izlkn
22- Jh t;iky flag
23- Jh pfUnzdk jk;] ,e-,y-lh-
24- Jh deys'ojh izlkn ;kno] ,e-,y-,-
25- Jh txr ukjk;.k yky] ,e-,y-,-
26- Jh ;nqoa'k lgk;] ,e-,y-,-
27- Jh xqIrukFk flag] ,e-,y-,-
28- Jh nhiukjk;.k flUgk] ,e-,y-,-
29- Jh nsosUnzukFk lkeUr] ,e-,y-lh-
30- MkW- lfPpnkuUn flUgk] ,e-,y-,-

eè;izkUr vkSj cjkj

1- ekuuh; ia- jfo'kadj 'kqDy
2- MkW- lj gjhflag xkSM+
3- ekuuh; Jh cztyky uUnyky fo;k.kh
4- Jh #Lre [kq'ksZnth fl/ok] ,e-,y-,-
5- Jh lsB xksfoUnnkl] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
6- Jh BkoqQj Nsnhyky] ,e-,y-,-
7- Jh gfj fo".kq dker
8- fe- lsfly ,MoMZ fxCcu] ,e-,y-,-
9- Jh 'kadj =;Ecd /ekZf/dkjh
10- Jh xq# vkxenkl vxjeunkl] ,e-,y-,-
11- MkW- iatkcjko 'kkejko ns'keq[k
12- Jh ch-,- eaMyksb] ,e-,y-,-
13- Jh ,p-ts- [kkaMsdj
14- Jh ,y-,l- HkkVdj] ,e-,y-,-
 [21]

vklke
1- ekuuh; Jh;qr xksihukFk ckjnksyksbZ
2- ekuuh; jsojsUV ts-ts-,e- fudYljk;
3- Jh;qr vfe;oqQekjnkl] ,e-,y-,-
4- ekuuh; Jh;qr clUr oqQekj nkl
5- Jh;qr /j.kh/j cklw ekrkjh] ,e-,y-,-
6- Jh;qr jksfg.khoqQekj pkS/jh] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)
7- ckcw v{k;oqQekj nkl] ,e-,y-,-
lhekizkar
1- ekSykuk vcqy dyke vktkn
2- [kku vCnqy xi~QiQkj [kka
mM+hlk
1- ekuuh; Jh gjso`Q".k esgrkc
2- Jherh ekyrh pkS/jh
3- Jh fo'oukFk nkl
4- Jh cks/jke nqcs] ,e-,y-,-
5- Jh y{eh ukjk;.k lkgq] ,e-,y-,-
6- Jh ch- nkl
7- Jh uUnfd'kksj nkl
8- Jh jkto`Q".k cksl] ,e-,y-,-
9- Jh 'kkUruqoqQekj nkl] ,e-,y-,-
lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flugk)% eq>s ;g lwfpr fd;k x;k gS fd flaèk
esa dksbZ Lihdj ugha gS] D;ksafd fiQygky ogka /kjklHkk ugha gSA bl fLFkfr esa
ogka dh /kjklHkk osQ lsoszQVjh us ifjp;&i=k ij gLrk{kj fd;s gSa] ;s Lohdkj
fd;s tk ldrs gSaA
fla/
1- Jh t;jkenkl nkSyrjke
 [22]

fnYyh
1- ekuuh; Jh ,e- vkliQvyh

vtesj&esjokM+k
1- ia- eqoqQVfcgkjh yky HkkxZo] ,e-,y-,- (osQUnzh;)

oqQxZ
1- Jh lh-,e- iqukdk] ,e-,y-lh-

lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flugk)% vkt dk dk;ZØe lekIr gqvkA nksigj

esa dksbZ cSBd u gksxhA vc lHkk dy cSBsxhA u;k dk;ZØe rS;kj fd;k tk;sxk
tks vHkh izLrqr ugha gSA eSaus oS/kfud lykgdkj osQ dk;kZy; dks dgk gS fd
og ekuuh; lnL;ksa dks dk;ZØe ;fn lEHko gks rks vkt 'kke rd igqapk nsaA
eq>s vk'kk gS ;g gks tk;sxkA tSlk vki pkgsa] lHkk dy 11 cts ;k 111@2
cts cSBsxhA

cgqrsjs lnL;% 11 ctsA

lHkkifr (MkW- lfPpnkuUn flugk)% ge yksx dy 11 cts leosr gksaxsA

rc lHkk eaxyokj rk- 10 fnlEcj lu~ 1946 bZ- osQ 11 cts fnu
rd osQ fy, LFkfxr gqbZA
_______