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ST. ANDREW ACADEMY

Sagῆay Camarines Sur

MUSIC
Quarter 1-Module 1
Music of the 20th century,
(Impressionism, Expressionism, and others)

Name of Student: Leslie T. Atanacio

Grade & Section: 10- St. Thomas

JANCEL P. REBELLON
Teacher
Contact Number: 09461632928

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 TOPIC OUTLINE

MUSIC

CHAPTER 1: MUSICAL STYLES OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY

Lesson 1: Characteristic of Twentieth- Century Music
Lesson 2: Debussy and Impressionism
Lesson 3: Electronic Music
Lesson 4: Chance Music

Chapter 2: AFRO- LATIN and POPULAR MUSIC

Lesson 1: African Music
Lesson 2: Latin American Music
Lesson 3: Jazz Music
Lesson 4: Popular Music

CHAPTER 3: CONTEMPORARY FILIPINO COMPOSERS

Lesson 1: Traditional Composers
Lesson 2: New Music Composers
Lesson 3: Song Composers

CHAPTER 4: MULTIMEDIA FORMS OF THE TWENTIETH AND TWENTY- FIRST

CENTURIES
Lesson 1: Opera
Lesson 2: Ballet
Lesson 3: Musical Play

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 Module 1 Music of the 20th Century
(Impressionism, Expressionism and others)

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

This module is the review of the music elements and processes of the 20th Century. As you go through the
different lessons and activities, you will find out how people of the 20th century express their emotions
through music. You will notice their appreciation and reaction to the environment, history, political and
social issues through voice and/ or musical instruments as medium.

HOW TO LEARN FROM THIS MODULE

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of this module the learner should be able to:
a) Describes distinctive musical elements of given pieces in 20th century styles;
b) Relate the 20th Century music to historical and cultural background
c) Compare the traditional music to modern music

WHAT I KNOW
Direction: Give at least five composers that you are familiar with from ancient period. List down
below.

1. Ludwig van Beethoven

2. Johann Sebastian Bach

3. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

4. Johannes Brahms

5. Richard Wagner

WHAT’S IN

The 20th Century covers the period from January 1, 1901 to December 31, 2000. This Century is a
full step forward from the rich culture and traditions. It produced music composers and singers known
to be artistic, dance and music lovers, emotional, expressive, and religious.

IMPRESSIONISM
Was initially introduced in a French painting school headed by Claude Monet. Its objective is to bring moods
and sensuous impression through harmony and tone color, which also relates to music. Impressionist
movement in music emphasized atmosphere which it used as a frequent subject more than structure.
Impressionism in music was a movement among various composers in Western classical music whose music
focuses on mood and atmosphere, "conveying the moods and emotions aroused by the subject rather than a
detailed tone‐picture".

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 Claude Debussy (1862-1918)

Claude Debussy was a French composer. He is sometimes seen as the first Impressionist
composer, although he vigorously rejected the term. He was among the most influential composers of
the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The orchestral Composition of Debussy were all impressionistic.
Examples of these are Fetes (Festival), Nuages (Clouds), Prelude to the afternoon of fawn (3 Nocturnes)
and sirenes (Sirens)

Aside from the whole tone scale, Debussy used the 2nd 4th, 5th, and 7th intervals chords which are
moving in one direction.

Major Scale

Joseph Maurice Ravel

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 Joseph Maurice Ravel was a French composer, pianist and conductor. He is often associated with
impressionism along with his elder contemporary Claude Debussy, although both composers rejected
the term. In the 1920s and 1930s Ravel was internationally regarded as France's greatest living
composer.

Ravel was in no sense a revolutionary musician. He was for the most part content to work within the
established formal and harmonic conventions of his day, still firmly rooted in tonality. He showed hid
interest in composing rather than the piano. He was greatly influenced by the works of noted
composers, especially by Claude Debussy.

EXPRESSIONISM

Expressionism is Arnold Schoenberg, and Arnold Schoenberg is Expressionism. Expressionism

pertains to a German school of artists and dramatist who presented the innermost experience of the
artists. Unusual and revolutionary methods such as harsh color and distorted human images to achieve
an intense emotional effect were used by expressionism artists.

Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951)

Was born in Vienna, and was the most influential composer of the 1900s. His first music written was
Atonal or Lacking in key. His use of atonality later led to his formulation of the twelve tone series. In
this system, his 12-tone pieces death with melodic and harmonic piano material based on specific order
of 12 notes of chromatic scale, the 12-tone row or set. This manner of composing is called
SERIALLISM.

In 1912, Pierrot Lunnaire, in one of his famous works used a different style of singing. Blending songs
and speech, which was called SPRECHSTIMME.

Below is an example of a chromatic scale created by Schoenberg.

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 ELECTRONIC
MUSIC

Was introduced in the early 1950s. Different natural sounds and musical tones are
transformed in various ways using electronic means then assembled on tape for play back. After this
procedure, sounds of natural origin are replaced or supplemented by electronic sounds generated in a
music Studio. Electronic music did not require performers, Neither long rehearsal, nor specally
qualified personnel. Sounds were available anytime without natural means of production. Electronic
music is music that employs electronic musical instruments, digital instruments and circuitry-
based music technology. ... Pure electronic instruments do not have vibrating strings, hammers or
other sound-producing mechanisms. Devices such as the Theremin, synthesizer and computer can
produce electronic sounds.

Electronic Music was introduced by Milton Bobbitt who composed several music pieces with the use of
synthesizer and tape. He invented new sounds which were evident in his works.

Synthesizer

Musique Concrete

Refers to experimentations in music with the help of electronic machines. Any kind of sound such
as human singing or voice, sound from nature, speech, street noise, and usual or unusual sounds may
be used in this type of music.Karlheinz Stockhausen applied musique concrete by recording natural
sounds.

During the 1950s and 1960s musique concrete were composed for ballet, fills, and new multi-
media presentations. An example of this type of music is poem Electronique by Edgar Varese.
Amplified traditional music instrument which are electronically aided are electric drum, flute, guitar,
organ, violin and a lot more.

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 WHATS MORE
Activity 1
Direction: Answer the following questions.

1. How did Arnold Schoenberg come up with the manner of composing called Serialism?

__ In music, serialism is a method of composition using series of pitches,

rhythms, dynamics, timbres or other musical elements. Serialism began
primarily with Arnold Schoenberg's twelve-tone technique, though some of his
contemporaries were also working to establish serialism as a form of post-tonal
thinking.___________________________________________________________
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2. What important contributions were handed down by Arnold Schoenberg in the world of
music? How did he use music tradition?

_His music in the late nineteenth century in early twentieth century was of
profound
importance_________________________________________________________
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3. How does Schoenberg’s work differ from those of the other composers?

_____ Schoenberg's approach, bοth in terms of harmony and development, has

shaped much of the 20th-century musical thought. Many European and
American composers from at least three generations have consciously extended
his thinking, whereas others have passionately reacted against
it._________________________________________________________________
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 ___________________________________________________________________
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4. Compare Electronic music to traditional music. Which do you prefer why?

___ is music that employs electronic musical instruments, digital instruments

and circuitry-based music technology. A distinction can be made between
sound produced using electromechanical means (electroacoustic music) and
that produced using electronics only. While traditional music is often used as a
broad classification of music genres that contrasts with classical music and
popular music genres (see Musical genres) as referring to genres founded
neither upon any theoretical canon nor upon any mass commercial medium.
The term has tended to replace folk music, which has come to refer to
European rural genres and contemporary American styles based upon these.
The term ethnic music, which gave rise to the discipline of ethnomusicology,
has also tended to give way to the term "traditional".
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WHAT I CAN DO
Direction: Choose some folk music that related to yourself and make an reaction about the music you
have chosen. Write your answer at the box below.

Bahay Kubo- Because I love planting vegetable and

I love plants.

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 Excellent (5) Satisfactory(4) Approaching(3) Not Meeting(2)
Content Shows Shows analysis Shows Does not include
thoughtfulness inconsistency adequate analysis
Organization Well-organized Organized, easy to Poorly organized
read
style Strong word Good word choice Inconsistent word Problem with
choice and and easy to read choice word choice and
smoothly written sentences sentence.
sentence
RUBRICS FOR ESSAY

TOTAL: ______________
References

 Mojica, A., Angelina et al (2015), Honing Your Skills through Mapeh 10, pp.3-19 The JO-ES
Publishing House, Inc

 https://www.google.com//images