Professional Documents
Culture Documents
امتحانات
IGCSE
FIRST LANGUAGE
2019 – 2020
G 9 & 10
Cambridge International Examinations
Cambridge International General Certificate of Secondary Education
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Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
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Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page.
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DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer two questions, one from Section 1 and one from Section 2.
Answer in the spaces provided on this Question Paper.
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable
effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the publisher will
be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
This Insert contains the reading passages for use with the Question Paper.
You may annotate this Insert and use the blank spaces for planning.
NL 131746/3
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
2
تغير المناخ
الحد من ّ
أن مؤسسات البيئة المعنية في العالممؤخ ًار في مدينة نابولي بإيطالياّ ،
لقد كشف المؤتمر العالمي للبيئة ،الذي ُعقد ّ
سلبا في
معا استهالك الطاقة الضارة للبيئة .وهذا يؤثّر ً
يمكنها التعاون مع المصانع والرأي العام من أجل أن ُي َخفّضوا ً
يهدد ازدياد أُجور أفرادها
االقتصاد العالمي بسبب الموقف المعاكس للدول الغنية التي ترفض هذا التعاون الذي قد ّ
ومستوى معيشتهم.
مشجعة تضمن ّ طاإن السيطرة على االنبعاثات اليوم ُملقاة على عاتق الحكومات لكي تنفّذ خط ً
ويقول خبراء البيئة ّ
تجسد برامج الحفاظ على البيئة .إوان لم تقم
نشر ابتكارات واختراعات المؤسسات االقتصادية ،وتستحدث تقنيات ّ
فإنه حتّى فإن انبعاثات غازات االحتباس الحراري ستزداد تدر ًّ
يجيا .ومع هذا ّ هذه الجهات المعنية بأعمال إضافيةّ ،
المؤسسات والمنظّمات أن تبطّئ هذا التزايد
ّ التبدل المناخي ،يجب على كل
طا أقوى لمواجهة ّ
تتبنى تلك الجهات خط ً
ّ
لالنبعاثات وتجعله يتراجع ،وفي نهاية المطاف ُي َّثبت مستوى غازات االحتباس الحراري الموجودة في الجوَ .
وينتُج عن
هذا اإلجراء أن ُي َحد ارتفاع درجات الح اررة تحت مستوى ارتفاع درجتين مئويتين.
في المئة من االنبعاثات المرتقبة في القطاع الس ّكاني والقطاع التجاري يمكن إنقاصها بحلول أن نحو
35 َذ َك َر التقرير ّ
2020مع تحقيق أرباح اقتصادية كبيرة .ويمكن إنقاص استهالك الطاقة االقتصادية والطاقة المنزلية من خالل اعتماد
ط َّورة ،وسخانات المياه التي تعتمد على
الم َ
أكبر على الطاقة الشمسية ،مثل المباني ذات أنظمة اإلضاءة الطبيعية ُ
ح اررة الشمس بدالً من اعتمادها على الطاقة التقليدية كما في أنظمة التكييف والتهوية ذات الكفاءة العالية ،ومواد
البناء وتقنياتها العازلة للح اررة.
المستمر على السيارات بأنواعها المختلفة ،وعدم مرونة أسعار الوقود ،يجعل
ّ أن الطلب
نالحظ في قطاع المواصالت ّ
مساعدا للتحسينات البيئية .يجب على هذا القطاع أن يتفانى في العمل على ظهور تقنيات
ً المستمر عامالً
ّ التطور
ّ
المحركات وضمان كفاءة أعلى
ّ يهتم بتحسين أداء
جديدة يمكنها أن تساعد في إنقاص االنبعاثات وقد بدأ هذا القطاع ّ
إن
السيارات والقطارات والطائرات .وبهذا يصبح الوقود الحيوي بديالً للنفط الذي تستهلكه وسائل المواصالتّ .
لهياكل ّ
سيؤدي إلى
ّ المؤسسات المدنية الالزمة لها واالهتمام بوسائل النقل الصديقة للبيئة
العامة و ّ
توفير شبكات المواصالت ّ
الضارة.
ّ إنقاص االنبعاثات
المتنوعة ،ولكن
ّ إن تقنيات اليوم ينتج عنها تخفيض كبير في غازات االحتباس الحراري التي تولّدها القطاعات
ّ
ستحتاج المجتمعات في المستقبل إلى تقنيات جديدة قليلة التكاليف وذلك لتحقيق أهداف إنقاص االنبعاثات في
أهمية التعاون بين
ماسة لجعل هذه التقنيات نظيفة للحفاظ على البيئة .هنا تبرز ّ
أيضا حاجة ّ
المستقبل القريب .وهناك ً
الدول لنقل التقنية بين دول العالم وجعلها متاحة للبلدان النامية.
ئت بما رأيت! فقد كانت هناك صور آلالف الحيوانات التي ِ
وفوج ُ كنت أُتابع برنامجاً اسمه "كوكبنا" على التلفاز
ُ
يمزق القلوب .حيوانات كانت تجوب سطح األرض بأعدادهابمعدل سريع ّ
ّ تتعرض لالنقراض ،وتختفي إلى األبد ّ
المعدل الطبيعي ،وهذا بسبب عامل
ّ مرة عن
المعدل الحالي لالنقراض يزيد بمقدار ألف ّ
ّ أن
قدر العلماء ّ
وي ّ
الوفيرةُ .
يسبب هذا االرتفاع الرهيب في حاالت االنقراض ،الجواب البسيط المرعب
واحد .قد نتساءل عن هذا العامل الذي ّ
هو :البشر.
حدث اآلن تغير المناخ ،وهذه مشكلة خطيرة تَ ُ تسبب في ظاهرة االحتباس الحراري التي ّأدت إلى ّ نحن البشر من ّ
خطر هائالً
ًا ألننا من َب َدأها وال أحد غيرنا يستطيع إيقافها .وهذه الظاهرة تش ّكل
تجنبها ّ
وتتفاقم باطراد ،لكن نستطيع ّ
وتؤدي إلى فوضى بيئية.
بتغير سلوكهاّ ،
تهدد حياة الكائنات الحية باالنقراض أو ّ
على البيئة ،فهي ّ
كان له تأثير سلبي على أنواع عديدة من الحيوانات أن التغير المناخي في عام
2003 لقد َبّينت الدراسات العلمية ّ
اضطر بعض الكائنات إلى إحداث تغيير في سلوكها الطبيعي ،كتغيير وقت الهجرة وعملية التلقيح،
ّ مما
والنباتات ّ
ألن سلوك الحيوانات وأوقات تكاثرها وهجرتها مرتبط بعضه
األمر الذي سوف يؤثّر في النظام البيئي السائد .و ّ
التغيرات التي الحظها العلماء
سلبا في البيئة .ومن أبرز ّ
ببعض ،فأي تقديم أو تأخير في هذا السلوك سوف يؤثّر ً
عاما ،والحظ
ً 30 عما كان يفعل قبل
أن هناك نوعاً من السناجب بدأ ُينهي فترة بياته الشتوي أبكر بثالثة أسابيع ّ
هي ّ
أن الكثير من األسماك بدأت تهاجر نحو المناطق الشمالية بحثاً عن مياه أبرد. المختصون ّ
ّ
دور
أن االحتباس الحراري يمكنه أن يلعب ًا وقد أ ّكدت دراسة أخرى في جامعة أمريكية بعد فحص الحفريات القديمة ّ
يتم من خالل االتّصال بين األنواع المختلفة من الكائنات داخل
التنوع الجيني بين الحيوانات ،وهو الذي ّ
في تقليل ّ
ومهددة باإلصابة باألمراض وبالتالي
ّ الفصيلة الواحدة ،وهذا يعني أن تتحول تلك الكائنات إلى مخلوقات ضعيفة
باالنقراض.
كمن في ّأننا نستهلك الموارد الطبيعية المتاحة بوتيرة أسرع من قدرة األرض على إعادة تجديدها.
أما الخطأ األفدح َفي ُ
ويمتد هذا التهديد للحيوانات نفسها فيتقلّص عددها.
ّ ندمر مواطن الحيوانات ،وغذاءها ،ومياهها ،وهواءها،
فنحن ّ
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every reasonable
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be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
The Insert contains the reading passages. The Insert is not assessed by the Examiner.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part question.
NL 131745/3
© UCLES 2017 [Turn over
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كيف دلّل الكاتب على فائدة تقنية استعمال الطبيعة؟ اذكر نقطتين. )(e
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في أي قطاع يكون احتمال إنقاص انبعاثات الغازات أفضل ولماذا؟ )(g
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كيف يكون االستثمار في قطاع الغابات مفيداً للبيئة؟ اذكر نقطتين. )(h
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2 السؤال
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.ﻣﺗﺳﺎوﻳﺔ
ّ ﻛﻝ اﻷﺳﺋﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ ﻫذﻩ اﻟورﻗﺔ ﻟﻬﺎ ﻋﻼﻣﺎت
واحادًا
اﺣد
ووو ً 1 كلمة .اختر واحدًا من القسم 500–350 اختر موضوعين اثنين واكتب عن كل واحد منھما
من القسم ) . 2يجب التقيد بعدد الكلمات(
واحدًاًادًا
واحد
القسم وووواح
القسم
منالقسم
واحدًاًادًامن
من واحد
اخترواح
اختر
كلمة.اختر
كلمة.
كلمة. منھما
منھما
واحدمنھما واحد
كلواحد كل
عنكلعن اثنينواكتب
واكتبعن
واكتب اثنين
موضوعيناثنين
موضوعين
اخترموضوعين اختر
اختر
القسم
الكلمات((
الكلمات(
بعددالكلمات
بعدد
التقيدبعدد
التقيد
)يجبالتقيد
)يجب
القسم )...يجب القسم
منالقسم من
من
النقاش والجدال
القسم 1
القسم
القسم
اختر:
والجدال
والجدال
النقاشوالجدال النقاش
النقاش
اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ ﺑﺷﺧص آﺧر ﻳؤدي إﻟﻰ اﻟﺗواﻛﻝ واﻟﻛﺳﻝ .إﻟﻰ أي ﻣدى ﺗواﻓق ﻫذا اﻟرأي؟
اختر:
اختر:
اختر:
أو:
أي؟
أي؟
أي؟ﻫذااﻟاﻟاﻟررر
ﻫذا
اﻓقﻫذا
اﻓق
اﻓق ﻣدىﺗﺗ ﺗووو
ﻣدى
أيﻣدىأيإﻟﻰأيإﻟﻰ
اﻟﻛﺳﻝ..إﻟﻰ
اﻟﻛﺳﻝ.
اﻟﻛﺳﻝ اﻛﻝووو
اﻛﻝ
اﻛﻝ
اﻟﺗاﻟﺗووو
إﻟﻰاﻟﺗ
إﻟﻰ ﻳؤديإﻟﻰ ﻳؤدي
آﺧرﻳؤديآﺧر
ﺑﺷﺧصآﺧر
ﺑﺷﺧص
اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔﺑﺷﺧص اﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ
اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔاﻟﻣطﻠﻘﺔ
اﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ
) (aاﻻﺳﺗﻌﺎﻧﺔ
ﻋﻠﻳﻧﺎ أن ﻧطﻠق ﻛﻝ اﻟﺣﻳواﻧﺎت ﻣن ﺣداﺋﻘﻬﺎ وأﻗﻔﺎﺻﻬﺎ .ﻣﺎ رأﻳك ﻓﻲ ذﻟك؟
أو:
أو:
أو:
أو:
ذﻟك؟
ﻓﻲذﻟك؟
ذﻟك؟ أﻳكﻓﻲ
ﻓﻲ أﻗﻔﺎﺻﻬﺎ..ﻣﺎﻣﺎﻣﺎررر
أﻳك
أﻳك أﻗﻔﺎﺻﻬﺎ.
أﻗﻔﺎﺻﻬﺎ ﺣداﺋﻘﻬﺎووو ﻣنﺣداﺋﻘﻬﺎ
ﺣداﺋﻘﻬﺎ اﻧﺎتﻣن
ﻣن اﻟﺣﻳووو
اﻧﺎت
اﻧﺎت ﻧطﻠقﻛﻛﻛﻝﻝﻝاﻟﺣﻳ
اﻟﺣﻳ أنأنﻧطﻠق
ﻧطﻠق ﻋﻠﻳﻧﺎأن
ﻋﻠﻳﻧﺎ
) (bﻋﻠﻳﻧﺎ
اﻟﻌﺎﻟم ﻣﺗّﺟﻪ ﻧﺣو اﻟﻛﺗﺎب اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ ،وﻗر ًﻳﺑﺎ ﺳﻳﺧﺗﻔﻲ اﻟﻛﺗﺎب اﻟورﻗﻲ .ﻣﺎ إﻳﺟﺎﺑﻳﺎت ﻫذﻩ اﻟظﺎﻫرة وﻣﺎ
أو:
أو:
أو:
ﺳﻠﺑﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ؟
وﻣﺎ
ظﺎﻫرةرةرةوﻣﺎ
وﻣﺎ ﻫذﻩاﻟاﻟاﻟظﺎﻫ
ظﺎﻫ إﻳﺟﺎﺑﻳﺎتﻫذﻩ
ﻫذﻩ ﻗﻲ..ﻣﺎﻣﺎﻣﺎإﻳﺟﺎﺑﻳﺎت
إﻳﺟﺎﺑﻳﺎت ﻗﻲ.
ﻗﻲاﻟورر
اﻟﻛﺗﺎباﻟو
اﻟور ﺧﺗﻔﻲاﻟﻛﺗﺎب
اﻟﻛﺗﺎب ﺳﻳﺳﻳﺧﺗﻔﻲ
ﺧﺗﻔﻲ اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ،،وﻗوﻗوﻗررًﻳﺑرًﻳﺑﺎﺎًﻳﺑﺎﺳﻳ
اﻟﻛﺗﺎباﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ
اﻹﻟﻛﺗروﻧﻲ، ﻧﺣواﻟﻛﺗﺎب
اﻟﻛﺗﺎب ﺟﻪﻧﺣو
ﻧﺣو ﺟﻪﻣﺗّﻣﺗّﺟﻪ
اﻟﻌﺎﻟمﻣﺗّ
اﻟﻌﺎﻟم
) (cاﻟﻌﺎﻟم
أو:
ﺳﻠﺑﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ؟؟
ﺳﻠﺑﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ؟
ﺳﻠﺑﻳﺎﺗﻬﺎ
ﺗﻌزز اﻟﻣدراس وﺣدﻫﺎ اﻟﻬوﻳﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ .إﻟﻰ أي ﻣدى ﺗواﻓق ﻫذا اﻟرأي؟ ّ
أو:
أو:
أو:
القسم
أي؟
أي؟ﻫذااﻟاﻟاﻟررر
أي؟ ﻫذا اﻓق
اﻓقﻫذاﻣدىﺗﺗوﺗوو
اﻓق ﻣدى
أيﻣدى أي
إﻟﻰأي إﻟﻰ
اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ..إﻟﻰ
اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ.
ﻓﻲاﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ ﻓﻲ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ
اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔﻓﻲ اﻟﻬوﻳﺔ
اﻟﻬوﻳﺔاﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ وﺣدﻫﺎ
وﺣدﻫﺎاﻟﻬوﻳﺔ
اسوﺣدﻫﺎ اساﻟﻣدررر
اس اﻟﻣد
ﺗﻌزززاﻟﻣد
ﺗﻌزّز
ﺗﻌز
)ّّ (d
الوصف والسرد
القسم
القسم
القسم
اختر:
والسرد
والسرد
الوصفوالسرد الوصف
الوصف
أﻧت ﻓﻲ ﻗﺎع اﻟﺑﺣر .ﺻف ﻣﺷﺎﻫداﺗك وأﺛر ذﻟك ﻓﻲ ﻧﻔﺳك.
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اختر:
اختر:
اختر:
أو:
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ﻧﻔﺳك.
ﻧﻔﺳك.
ﻓﻲﻧﻔﺳك. ﻓﻲ
ذﻟكﻓﻲ
ذﻟك
أﺛرذﻟك أﺛر
أﺛر ﻣﺷﺎﻫداﺗكووو
ﻣﺷﺎﻫداﺗك
ﺻفﻣﺷﺎﻫداﺗك ﺻف
اﻟﺑﺣر..ﺻفاﻟﺑﺣر.
ﻗﺎعاﻟﺑﺣرﻗﺎع
ﻓﻲﻗﺎع ﻓﻲأﻧتﻓﻲ
.................................................................................................................................................................. أﻧت
أﻧت
وجدت نفسك في الصحراء .صف األجواء حولك وﺳﺟﻝ ﺷﻌورك.
ّ أو:
أو:
أو:
..................................................................................................................................................................
ﺷﻌورك.
ﺷﻌورك..
وﺳﺟﻝﻝﻝﺷﻌورك أو:
وﺳﺟّ
وﺳﺟّ
..................................................................................................................................................................
حولك ّ
حولك
األجواءحولك
األجواء
صفاألجواء
صف
الصحراء.صف
الصحراء.
فيالصحراء.
في
نفسكفي
نفسك
وجدتنفسك
وجدت
وجدت
اﻛﺗب ﻗﺻﺔ ﻣﺗﺿﻣﻧﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻌﺑﺎرة "رﺑﻣﺎ ﻓﺷﻠت وﻟﻛﻧﻧﻲ ﻟن أﺳﺗﺳﻠم".
ُ
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ّ ّ
أو:
أو:
أو:
أو:
..................................................................................................................................................................
أﺳﺗﺳﻠم".
أﺳﺗﺳﻠم"".
ﻟنﻟنأﺳﺗﺳﻠم.
وﻟﻛﻧﻧﻲﻟن
وﻟﻛﻧﻧﻲ
ﻓﺷﻠتوﻟﻛﻧﻧﻲ
ﻓﺷﻠت
ﺑﻣﺎﻓﺷﻠت
ﺑﻣﺎ
ُُ ُﺑﻣﺎ
اﻟﻌﺑﺎرةرةرة"" "ررر
اﻟﻌﺑﺎ
ﻫذﻩاﻟﻌﺑﺎ
ﻫذﻩ
ﻣﺗﺿﻣﻧﺔﻧﺔﻧﺔﻫذﻩ
ﻣﺗﺿﻣ
ﻗﺻﺔﺔﻣﺗﺿﻣ
ّّ ّ ﻗﺻﺔ
اﻛﺗبﻗﺻ
اﻛﺗب
اﻛﺗب
ّّ ّ
..................................................................................................................................................................
ﻗﺻﺔ ﺑطﻠﻬﺎ ﺣﻳوان ،وﻣﻛﺎﻧﻬﺎ ﻣدﻳﻧﺔ ﻛﺑﻳرة.
أو:اﻛﺗب ّ
أو:
أو:
..................................................................................................................................................................
ة.ة.
ﻛﺑﻳررة.ر
ﻛﺑﻳ
ﻣدﻳﻧﺔﻛﺑﻳ
ﻣدﻳﻧﺔ
وﻣﻛﺎﻧﻬﺎﻣدﻳﻧﺔ
وﻣﻛﺎﻧﻬﺎ
ان،وﻣﻛﺎﻧﻬﺎ ان،
ان،
ﺣﻳﺣﻳووو
ﺑطﻠﻬﺎﺣﻳ
ﺑطﻠﻬﺎ
ﻗﺻﺔﺔﺑطﻠﻬﺎ
ﻗﺻﺔ
اﻛﺗبﻗﺻاﻛﺗب
اﻛﺗب
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© UCLES 2017 0508/02/M/J/17
أو:
إﻟﻰ أي ﻣدى ﺗواﻓق ﻫذا اﻟرأي؟
ﺗﻌزز اﻟﻣدراس وﺣدﻫﺎ اﻟﻬوﻳﺔ اﻟوطﻧﻳﺔ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ7 .
ّ
2 القسم
الوصف والسرد
اختر:
أو:
وﺳﺟﻝ ﺷﻌورك.
وجدت نفسك في الصحراء .صف األجواء حولك ّ )(b
أو:
ﻓﺷﻠت وﻟﻛﻧﻧﻲ ﻟن أﺳﺗﺳﻠم".
ُ ﻣﺗﺿﻣﻧﺔ ﻫذﻩ اﻟﻌﺑﺎرة "رﺑﻣﺎ
ّ ﻗﺻﺔ
اﻛﺗب ّ )(c
أو:
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
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To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
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Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
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This Insert contains the reading passages for use with the Question Paper.
You may annotate this Insert and use the blank spaces for planning.
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
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To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
The Insert contains the reading passages. The Insert is not assessed by the Examiner.
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces at the top of this page.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
Do not use staples, paper clips, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE IN ANY BARCODES.
Answer two questions, one from Section 1 and one from Section 2.
Answer in the spaces provided on this Question Paper.
You should write between 350 and 500 words for each answer.
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Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
To avoid the issue of disclosure of answer-related information to candidates, all copyright acknowledgements are reproduced online in the Cambridge International
Examinations Copyright Acknowledgements Booklet. This is produced for each series of examinations and is freely available to download at www.cie.org.uk after
the live examination series.
Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of Cambridge Local
Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.