Research Methodology

CVLE 500
By:

Bashar Taleb 201802087

Hicham Abdeh 201802789

Supervisor:
Dr. Youmn Al Rawi

Case of study: Burj Khalifa (Dubai)

Spring 2022-2023

Tripoli Campus

21/10/2021 1|Page
Abstract
The Burj Khalifa Tower is the world’s tallest structure, passing all previous height
records such a project by necessity requires pushing current analysis, material,
construction technologies, and building systems to literally new heights. However,
as such a building height has never before been attempted, it is also necessary to
ensure all technologies and methods used are of sound development and practice.
As such, the designers sought to be able to use conventional systems, materials, and
construction of aerodynamic shaping and wind engineering played a major role in
the architectural massing and design of this multi-use tower, where mitigating and
taming the dynamic wind effects was one of the most important design criteria set
forth at the onset of the project design. This project will provide a brief description
of the tower structural systems, focuses on the key issues considered in construction
planning of the key structural components and briefly outlines the execution of one
of the most comprehensive architectural forms and structural in tall buildings.
 Introduction:

As a part of our daily life people live in buildings. People have the need for spaces
because we are always moving forward and to improve our way of life. If we look
backward at history many builders achieve amazing feats in their time, for example:
Egyptians built the great pyramids and the Romans became the most powerful empire by
building channels and stone roads to support their city and population. As the knowledge
increasing in building the achievement of human became greater in this field. When I see
a skyscraper, I think of them as a wonderful puzzle covered with steel and concrete. The
face of the building has a certain architectural look, but on inside the system can look
vastly different. Whenever you think you have seen everything, you will stunned by
another architectural creation.

Figure: Diagram of all buildings that have at one time claimed the title of “World’s
Tallest Building.

The Burj Khalifa in Dubai is the tallest skyscraper at a height 828 meters, 277 meters taller than
number two, the Makkah Clock Royal Tower in mecca, and more than double the height of the
Empire State Building. The 163-story building took six years, 1.5$ billion, 110,000 tons of concrete,
and 22 million man-hours to build. The most interesting thing is not the incredible statistics but the
way of the building how it looks, the tower is nice to look ar. It’s not a stack of boxes

This study sets out to determine why certain buildings,

especially Burj Khalifa, are considered iconic, and not others.
.
The Burj by numbers:

The $1.5 billion Burj Khalifa project, which soars above the city at 2,716 feet (828
meters) and has 200 stories (160 livable), was launched by Dubai's ruler Sheikh
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum in January 2010.

More than 12,000 international employees were on site per day during the peak of
construction, recording a total of 22 million man-hours over the course of the six-year
project.
The Burj Khalifa is three times the height of the Eiffel Tower in Paris and twice the
height of the Empire State Building in New York.

It even exceeded Taiwan's Taipei 101, which had held the global record since its opening
in 2004 at 1,667 feet (508m). The Burj Khalifa's parts would span nearly a fourth of the
way around the world if laid end to end.

Record-breaking titles:
- Tallest detached construction on the planet

- Highest number of stories on the planet

- Highest involved floor on the planet

- Highest open air perception deck on the planet

- Elevator with longest travel distance on the planet

- Tallest help lifts on the planet

- World's most noteworthy pool in a structure (on Level 76)

The man behind the Burj:

The Burj's appearance depends on a bloom called the Spider Lily (Hymenocallis), which
is local to southern provinces of America, South America and Mexico.

US modeler Adrian Smith, who was associated with the plan while an accomplice at
Skidmore, Owings and Merrill (SOM), has additionally added to a plenty of eminent
structures incorporating the Jeddah Tower in Saudi Arabia, which at 3,280 feet is
projected to outperform the Burj in stature, on its finishing in 2020.

The Dubai pinnacle's name was picked without a second to spare.

What was at first called the Burj Dubai was renamed Burj Khalifa to respect the leader of
the UAE and leader of Abu Dhabi, Sheik Khalifa receptacle Zayed Al Nahyan, who
helped with the assets to make the billion-dollar famous masterpiece.

The suite life:

Opening its entryways with an amazing strip cutting service in April 2010, the Armani
Hotel Dubai in the Burj offers all around obeyed guests the opportunity to register to the
popular location.

The world's first lodging to be planned by Italian design legend Giorgio Armani
highlights his unique moderate style with quieted dark insides, extravagant textures and
Japanese wooden floors.

Every one of the 160 rooms and suites involve the whole 39th floor with each beautified
with bespoke goods and cutting-edge mod cons constrained by iPads.
Views from the top:

With amazing perspectives on the city horizon, At the Top, which spreads across Levels
148, 124 and 125, gives restrictive admittance to the most elevated open-air observatory
on the planet.

Ticket costs shift contingent upon which perception deck you pick and the hour of day
you'd prefer to visit. You should attempt to book ahead of time to keep away from the
lines and set aside cash. Same-day tickets purchased nearby are more costly.

Admittance to the decks is situated at the lower level of the Dubai Mall and, while
extraordinary perspectives are ensured for the duration of the day, the vast majority
concur the best an ideal opportunity to visit is not long before nightfall.

The normal time expected to appreciate At the Top is around an hour and a half. It's
youngster agreeable and wheelchair open. Besides, there's free Wi-Fi access all through
the fascination.

Affirmation is around $35 per grown-up and $25 for youngsters ages 4 to 11.

Design and Development:

It was the public authority of Dubai settled on the choice to construct a world's tallest
structure, the aims of building Burj Khalifa are different and recorded beneath:

1. Dubai needs to make the travel industry the emirate's subsequent industry to ease up
the dependence on Oil exchange.

2. Building a pinnacle that size can significantly work on the character of city and
its standing on the planet, and to catch the consideration of the world.

3. Bring the title of World's Tallest Building back to Middle East as Khufu Pyramid
had at any point been the tallest structure of the world for over 4000 years.

4. The leader of Dubai once said in twitter that building the Burj Khalifa was motivated
by a visit to Empire State Building in New York City ages ago in 1960s, Empire State
Building was the tallest structure on the planet at that point, the ruler got profoundly
propelled by it and produced the possibility of a tallest structure in his country.
Spire:

The delegated bit of Burj Khalifa is its adaptive tower contained in excess of 4,000 tons
of primary steel. The tower was developed from inside the structure and jacked to its full
stature of more than 200 meters (700 feet) utilizing a water driven siphon. As well as
getting Burj Khalifa's place as the world's tallest construction, the tower is necessary to
the general plan, making a feeling of consummation for the milestone. The tower likewise
houses correspondences hardware.

Mechanical Floors:

Seven twofold story stature mechanical floors house the hardware that rejuvenates Burj
Khalifa. Conveyed all through the 30 stories, the mechanical floors house the electrical
sub-stations, water tanks and siphons, air-dealing with units and different parts that are
fundamental for the activity of the pinnacle and the solace of its tenants.

High Performance Concrete Used in Concrete:

The superior cement utilized in Burj Khalifa ensure low porousness and higher
toughness. The C80 and C60 block strength concrete is utilized consolidating fly debris,
Portland concrete, and the nearby totals. A youthful modulus of 43800N/mm2 is
supposed to be conceded by the C80 concrete. The biggest substantial siphons on the
planet were utilized to siphon cement to stature up to 600 m at a solitary stage. Two
quantities of this sort of siphon were utilized. As the temperature of the area (Dubai) is
exceptionally high, there were chance of breaks because of shrinkage. Thus, the
substantial spilling measure was done around evening time at a cooler temperature. Ice
was added to the substantial blend to work with the ideal temperature. To withstand the
exorbitant tension caused because of the structure weight, uncommon cement blends
were utilized. Each clump was tried prior to setting

Foundation of Burj Khalifa:

The superstructure of Burj Khalifa is upheld over a huge built-up substantial pontoon.
This pontoon is thus upheld by exhausted built up substantial heaps. The pontoon has a
thickness of 3.7m and was developed in four separate pours. The grade of substantial
pontoon is C50 which was self-merging cement. The substantial volume utilized in the
pontoon is 12,500- meter shape. The quantity of heaps utilized were 194. The heaps were
1.5m in distance across and have a length of 43m. Each heap has a limit of 3000 tons.
The substantial grade utilized in heaps where C60 SCC substantial which were put by
tremie technique. This used polymer slurry to do the cycle. To diminish the impeding
impacts of synthetic compounds, cathodic insurance was given under the pontoon.
Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing:

To accomplish the best proficiency, the mechanical, electrical and plumbing

administrations for Burj Khalifa were created in coordination during the plan stage with
the participation of the planner, underlying designer and different advisors.

The pinnacle's water framework supplies a normal of 946,000 liters (250,000 gallons) of
water day by day

At top cooling, Burj Khalifa will need around 10,000 tons of cooling, equivalent to the
cooling limit gave by around 10,000 tons of softening ice

Dubai's warm, moist environment joined with the structure's cooling necessities makes a
lot of buildup. This water is gathered and depleted in a different funneling framework to a
holding tank in the storm cellar vehicle leave

The condensate assortment framework gives around 15 million gallons of supplement

water each year, equivalent to around 20 Olympic-sized pools

Thea’s pinnacle electrical interest is 36mW, equivalent to around 360,000 100-Watt bulbs
working all the while

What are the advantages of Burj Khalifa?

 The Burj acquires new travelers

 Puts Dubai on the map

 Further develops economy

 Sets out open doors for product to be sold

 Has made more positions in keeping up with the pinnacle, the pinnacle's plan and
furthermore it's development

What are the disadvantages of Burj Khalifa?

 It is the country's primary fascination causing travelers to disregard Dubai's set of

experiences

 Exacerbates the economy in different regions as sightseers are attracted to the

space wherein the Burj is
Used Links:

1. https://theconstructor.org/structures/structural-details-burj-khalifa-
concrete-grade-foundations/20512/

2. https://www.burjkhalifa.ae/en/the-tower/structures/

3. http://www.inquiriesjournal.com/articles/124/confusing-the-wind-the-burj-
Khalifa-mother-nature-and-the-modern-skyscraper

4. https://edition.cnn.com/travel/article/burj-khalifa-dubai-guide/index.html

5. https://www.english-online.at/places/burj-dubai/burj-dubai-skyscraper.htm

6. https://thetowerinfo.com/buildings-list/burj-khalifa/

7. https://www.answers.com/Q/What_are_advantages_and_disadvantages_of_burj_khalifa