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The Problem
Created @November 13, 2021 11:08 AM

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A research problem is a definite or clear expression [statement] about an area of

concern, a condition to be improved upon, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a troubling
question that exist in scholarly literature, in theory, or within existing practice that point
to a need for meaningful understanding and deliberate investigation. A research
problem does not state how to do something, offer a vague or broad proposition, or
present a value question.

The Introduction
General Format in Writing the Introductoin

1. Discussion at once follows after the chapter title, No introduction for the chapter.

2. Discussions are in paragraph form starting from macro to micro development that
gives an overview of the research.

3. It includes the legal bases of the study and the personal justifications of the
researcher.

4. It may also include concepts and ideas from other sources.

Acknowledgement of sources is done in journal form.

An introduction is the first paragraph of a written research paper, or the first thing you
say in an oral presentation, or the first thing people see, hear, or experience about your
project.

Another tips for writing an introduction

1. Start with a bang!

The Problem 1
 If you really want to draw readers in, you have to start your introduction with
something attention grabbing. This can be a startling fact, an interesting anecdote,
or a relevant quote from an expert.

2. Be general before you're specific

You must provide your readers with a little background or basic information about
the topic you are covering. Start with the broader subject and lead your readers to
your specific topic. This is especially important when writing a book report. Show
them how your topic relates to the bigger picture.

3. Lay it on 'em
After providing your readers with some background, use your essay introduction to
outline what you are going to discuss. Lay out main points and arguments,
preferably in the order in which you are going to discuss them.

4. What's your point?

The most important thing to include when writing an introduction is your thesis! A
thesis statement is the main point of your paper; it is narrow, focused, and specific.
A thesis can be something you are arguing for or it can be something you are
arguing against. Whatever the case, be sure to include it. The thesis can come
before your outline or at the very end of your essay introduction.

5. Length matters.

There is no rule for exactly how long an introduction should be. You must consider
the length of your overall paper when writing your introduction. An appropriate
length for a five-page essay is about half a page, but if you are writing a 40-page
paper, your introduction will span several pages and multiple paragraphs.

Check out our example introduction to an essay to get a better understanding of

how to best lay out your first paragraph. One final tip: write the introduction when it's
easiest for you. Some writer find introductions extremely hard to write. It may be
easier for them to write the introduction last (and maybe even write the conclusion
and back matter first). Other writers find introductions help them find the direction of
their paper and write them very early in the writing process. If you are struggling
with your essay introduction, put it aside for a while and continue with the body of
the paper.

The Problem 2
 The Statement of the Problem
General Format in Writing the Statement of the Problem

1. The section should have an introductory statement.

2. It should enlist the specific questions answered by the research.

A problem statement is a brief overview of the issues or problems existing in the

concerned area selected for the research. It is an explanation of the issues prevalent in
particular sectors which drives the researcher to take interest in that sector for in-depth
study and analysis, so as to understands and solve them (Saunders et al. 2009)
"The problem statement describes the context for the study and it also identifies the
general analysis approach" (Wiersma, 1995, p. 404).

It is important in a proposal that the problem stand out - that the reader can easily
recognize it. Sometimes, obscure and poorly formulated problems are masked in an
extended discussion. In such cases, reviewers and/or committee members will have
difficulty recognizing the problem.

A problem statement should be presented within a context, and that context should be
provided and briefly explained, including a discussion of the conceptual or theoretical
framework in which it is embedded. Clearly and succinctly identify and explain the
problem within the framework of the theory or line of inquiry that undergirds the study.
This is of major importance in nearly all proposals and requires careful attention. It is a
key element that associations such as AERA and APA look for in proposals. It is
essential in all quantitative research and much qualitative research.

State the problem in terms intelligible to someone who is generally sophisticated but
who is relatively uniformed in the area of your investigation.

Effective problem statements answer the question "Why does this research need to be
conducted." If a researcher is unable to answer this question clearly and succinctly, and
without resorting to hype speaking ( i.e., focusing on problems of macro or global
proportions that certainly will not be informed or alleviated by the study), the the
statement of the problem will come off as ambiguous and diffuse.

The Significance of the Study

General Format in Writing the Significance of the Study

The Problem 3
 1. The discussion of he problem situation as observed and experienced by the
researcher.

2. Concepts and ideas related to the problem

3. Discussion and existing or present conditions and what is aimed to be in the future
or the gap to filled - in the by the research.

Essentially, the section on significance of the study provides information to the reader
on how the study will contribute. It must be specifically stated, however, what the study
will contribute and who will benefit from it.

Tips in Writing the Significance of the Study

1. Refer to the statement of the problem

Your problem statement can guide you in identifying the specific contribution of your
study. You can do this by observing a one-to-one correspondence between the
statement of the problem and the significance of the study.

For example, if you ask the question "Is there a significant relationship between the
teacher's teaching style and the students' long quiz scores in Mathematics?" then
the contribution of your research would probably be a teaching style or styles
(among say, three teaching styles you evaluated) that can help students perform
better in Mathematics. Your research will demonstrate that that teaching style really
works. That could be groundbreaking approach that will change the way teachers
teach Mathematics which many students abhor.

2. Write from general to specific contribution

I learned this technique from a former professor while in pursuing my master's

degree. It works this way:
Write the significance of the study by looking into the general contribution of your
study, such as its importance to society as a whole, then proceed downwards -
towards its contribution to individuals and that may include yourself as a researcher.
You start off broadly then taper off gradually to a specific group or person.

The Problem 4