English 10 What I Have Learned

Quarter 4 – Module 1: Distinguishing Technical Terms Used in Research Activity: Identifying Research Terms
Directions: Identify what term in research is being asked for or referred to in each statement. Choose the letter of
What is It the correct answer from the box of terminologies. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Research is defined as a systematic and scientific process to answer questions about facts and relationship
between facts. It can also be defined as an activity involved in seeking answer to unanswered questions. It seeks to
generate an answer to the problems as well as suggesting additional questions in need of further inquiry.
Aside from knowing the term research itself, knowing other common research terminologies help you
understand how to read and interpret scholarly journal articles so you can more effectively apply the results to real
life situations.
The following are basic terms and their definitions:
1. Analysis is a method of organizing, sorting, and scrutinizing data in such a way that a research question can be
answered or meaningful inferences can be drawn.
2. Bibliography is a list of all the sources used in the process of researching.
3. Concept refers to a mental idea of a phenomenon. These are words or terms that symbolize some aspects of reality.
e. g. love, pain.
4. Conclusion provides a summary of the research.
5. Data is an information that can be words or numbers.
6. Data Gathering Tools refer to the devices/ instruments used to collect data such as questionnaire or computer-
assisted interviewing system.
7. Data Presentation involves the use of a variety of different graphical techniques.
8. Descriptive study is a research design that describes “what is”( e.g. a survey).
9. In-Text Citation is the brief form of the reference included in the body of one’s work.
10. Limitations are restrictions in a study that may decrease the credibility and generalizability of the research
findings.
11. Literature review is a critical summary or research on a topic of interest, generally prepared to put a research
problem in context or to identify gaps and weaknesses in prior studies so as to justify a new investigation.
12. Plagiarism is the unethical practice of using words or ideas of another author/researcher without proper
acknowledgement.
Assessment
13. Quantitative Research is the process of collecting and analyzing numerical data.
I. Directions: Write TRUE if the statement is correct, and write FALSE if it is incorrect. Write your answer on a
14. Questionnaire is a set of questions used to gather information in a survey.
separate sheet of paper.
15. Research Topic is a subject or issue that a researcher is interested in when conducting a research.
1. Technical terms are important in all technical and scientific writing.
16. Respondents are those persons who have been invited to participate in a particular study and have actually
2. Technical terms are special terms in each field and specialty.
taken part in the study.
3. Technical terms have nothing to do with research writing.
17. Research Question is the question around which a researcher centers his/ her research.
18. Sample is a part or subset of population selected to participate in the research study. 4. There are several technical terms in research writing, but very few are used in research.
19. Socio Demographic Profile includes age, sex, education, migration, background and ethnicity, religious 5. There are foreign and non-English terminologies in research.
affiliation, marital status, household, employment, and income.
20.Variables are attributes or characteristics that can have more than one value, such as height or weight. These II. Directions: Read each item carefully, then answer what is being asked by choosing the letter of the correct
answer. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
are qualities or quantities, properties or characteristics of people, things, or situations that change or vary.
1. It involves the use of a variety of different graphical techniques.
• Independent variable- variables that are purposely manipulated or changed by the researcher. It is also
A. data presentation C. data gathering
called as “Manipulated Variable”.
B. data interpretation D. data preparation
• Dependent variable- variables that depend on other factors that are measured. These variables are
2. It refers to the unethical practice of using words or ideas of another author/ researcher without proper
expected to change as a result of an experimental manipulation of the independent variable or variables.
acknowledgement.
However, there are terms in research that are abbreviated, these are the Latin words and Non-English structures.
A. graft C. plagiarism
Some of these commonly used Latin terminologies in research are the following:
B. libel D. plagiarized
• Etc. et cetera- It means “and so on”.
• E.g. exempli gratia- It means “for example”, literally, it means “free as an example”. Key to Correction
• et al. et alii- It means “and others”.
• ib/ibid. ibedem. It means “in the same passage or page quoted above.” Literally, it means “in the same place”.

What’s More
Directions: Match the terms in Column A with their corresponding keywords in Column B. Write the letter of the
correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Quarter 4 – Module 2: What’s More
A. Directions: Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks with the technical terms of the words
Giving Technical and Operational Definitions in the parentheses. Write the correct answer on a separate sheet of paper.
Methodology Validity Measurement Data Framework Hypothesis
LESSON 1: TECHNICAL DEFINITIONS
What Is It 1. The report provides a _____ (skeleton) for further research.
A technical definition states or describes exactly the nature, scope, or meaning of something.
Guidelines for Writing Technical Definitions 2. Their _____ (theory) explains so many facts.
1. Be accurate. Use precise terms. 3. We believe this is the first systematic review to investigate the _____ (dimension) of quality of data in primary care.
Examples: 4. The _____ (procedure) and findings of the research team have been criticized.
Weak definition: Data is an information in digital form that can be transmitted or processed. 5. This research seems to give some _____ (credibility) to the approach that it might not deserve.
Accurate and precise definition: Data are the quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are
performed by a computer, being stored and transmitted in the form of electrical signals and recorded on
magnetic, optical, or mechanical recording media.
B. Directions: Underline and label the term, class, and differentiating characteristics in the following sentences. Write the
2. Be objective. Use facts, not opinions. answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Examples: Example: Respondent is a person who replies to something.
Opinionated definition: A questionnaire is not valid and reliable for the study. Term Class Differentiating Characteristics
Factual definition: A questionnaire is a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers,
devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. 1. A theory is a set of accepted beliefs or organized principles that explain and guide analysis.
2. A person, place, thing, or phenomenon that researchers are trying to measure in some way is called variable.
3. The sum of a set data divided by the number of data is called average.
4. Ethnography is a study that explores cultural phenomena from the point of view of the subject of the study.
5. A parameter is a numerical quantity or attribute that is estimated using data collected from the population.

Assessment

Key to Correction

LESSON 2: OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS