LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

CHAPTER 3

TECHNICAL ASPECT

The technical aspect is a crucial component of this research as it tackles the

technical aspects of the project and the overall framework of the project. This element

covers the location of the business, materials, logistics, and technology, that are

involved in the creation, transportation, and tracking of the things or services that are

being developed. An evaluation of the technical aspects of a feasibility study assists

users in determining the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed project.

3.1 Business Location

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 3.1.1 Greenhouse
LYCEUM OF THEandPHILIPPINES
Warehouse andUNIVERSITY
Building Location
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SITE
BRGY 76, PASAY CITY,
METRO MANILA

Figure 3.1.1: Greenhouse and Office and Warehouse Building Location Map
Source: Google Earth Pro

Figure 3.1.2: Site Analysis

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 The proposedOF
LYCEUM greenhouse and office building
THE PHILIPPINES for the Philia
UNIVERSITY CAVITEcorporation will be

located at 1st District of Pasay City, Barangay 76, Zone 10 along the intersection of Pea

Rd 1 and Coral Way Drive in Pasay City, Metro Manila, and is adjacent to Oceanaire

Condominium. It is situated on a 3,952 square meter parcel of land, among a

greenhouse building with a floor space of 2,048 square meters and an office and

warehouse structure with a floor area of 907.625 square meters. Several residential

buildings, commercial establishments, amusement parks, and restaurants may be viewed

from the north, east, west, and south portions of the site. Some of the major businesses

such SM Mall of Asia, with foreign chain stores, electronics stores, movie theaters, and

an ice-skating rink, is in Barangay 76.

3.1.2 History of Pasay, Metro Manila

Pasay has a lengthy and illustrious history that extends back to the pre-colonial

period. Many legends surround the origin of the name "Pasay," but the most popular is

that it was named after Princess Dayang-Dayang Pasay of the Namayan Kingdom,

which extended from Manila Bay to Laguna de Bai. The areas that are now the regions

of Culi-culi, Pasay, and Baclaran were inherited by Dayang-Dayang Pasay. The

kingdom's royal capital was erected at Sapa, which is now known as Santa Ana. The

Augustinian order had a significant role in the evangelizing of Pasay under Spanish rule.

In 1727, the former capital of Sta. Ana de Sapa, which had been under the

Franciscan fathers' authority, was moved to the Augustinians' Nuestra Seora de Los

Remedios parish in Malate. Pasay was renamed Pineda in honor of Don Cornelio

Pineda, a Spanish gardener, in the same year. On her deathbed, Dayang-Dayang Pasay

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is supposed to have given
LYCEUM her huge
OF THE land to the Augustinians.
PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY TheCAVITE
majority of Pasay was

donated or purchased by friars. While many residents were compelled to sell their

homes, a group of notable Pasay citizens petitioned the civil and ecclesiastical

authorities for the right to conduct their own political and religious affairs. Pasay was

established as a pueblo in 1863, following the advice of Archbishop Gregorio Martinez

of Sta. Cruz.

Subsequently, the friars' lands were subdivided that led Pasay Real Estate

Company to offer foreign investors the friar lands for sale or lease. In 1907, a first-class

road connected Pasay with Camp Nichols. Others, like the old Avenida Mexico (now

Taft Avenue), were restored. By 1908, Pasay had mass - transit lines to Intramuros,

Escolta, San Miguel, San Sebastian, and San Juan. In 1907, a first-class road connected

Pasay with

Camp Nichols. Others, like the old Avenida Mexico (now Taft Avenue), were restored.

Real estate was inexpensive. The bayside land beyond Luneta was still marsh, but

American ex-soldiers leaped at the chance to develop it. Pasay had 18,697 residents in

1918 due to the influx of significant Filipino families and government leaders, including

Manuel L. Quezon.

3.1.3 Quick Facts

Pasay's innovative perspective on city life has made it a well-known leisure and

cultural destination. In Pasay City, there are several methods to keep oneself

entertained. Pasay City has it everything, whether it's exhilarating excursions, gaming,

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or relaxation and pleasure.
LYCEUM OF THESome of its major establishments
PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY are CAVITE
Upside Down Museum,

Manila Ocean Park, Dampa, Sun Cruises Day Tour, and SM Mall of Asia.

Pasay is a city in central Luzon, Philippines, on the eastern bank of Manila

Bay. It is also known as Rizal City. It is widely known for the nightclubs that line the

shoreline along Roxas (previously Dewey) Boulevard. It is a prominent residential

neighborhood of Manila (immediately north).

Pasay is a heavily inhabited and commercialized city. The city is home to

Araneta University, which was founded in 1946. The domestic and international airports

are both located on the outskirts of the city. Inc. city founded in 1947, with a population

of 354,908 in 2000 and 392,869 in 2010.

3.1.4 Barangays in Pasay City

According to the latest report of Philippine Statistics Authority, there are 201

barangays grouped under 20 zones; and these political zones are divided into 2

Congressional districts. The number of barangays may be too large for management

purposes; there being very large barangays and very small ones, which, for efficiency,

could be geographically grouped into larger ones. An ordinance to this effect has been

adopted by the Pasay City Council (Pasay City Ordinance No. 1837, s. 2000) but

remains unimplemented to date.

3.1.5 Geography

Pasay is located on the western shore of Metro Manila, often known as the

National Capital Region (NCR). Pasay City is bounded to the north by the city of

Manila, to the northeast by Makati and the municipality of Taguig, to the west of the

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town of Paranaque,
LYCEUMand OFthe
THEsouthwest by the Manila
PHILIPPINES Bay. The city
UNIVERSITY is roughly located at
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l14°32'14.9'' N 121°0.086' E. Pasay is the third smallest political entity in terms of area

among the NCR's towns and municipalities. The city covers 13.97 square kilometers

(5.39 square miles) of land. Based on the Pasay City Comprehensive Land Use Plan

(2014-2022), the City covers 1,831.98 hectares (has.). Barangay 76 occupies 158.50

hectares of the Cultural Center Complex, and 259.00 hectares of the reclaimed Central

Business Park Island-A. NAIA 3 is 223.00 hectares, and the runway is 391.64 hectares

in Barangay 183.

3.1.7 Economy

Pasay City serves as a vital local link between large urban areas. Its western

section connects Manila to towns such as Paranaque, Las Pinas, and Cavite. The

southeastern section links Pasay City to Manila, Makati, Mandaluyong, and Quezon

City. In other words, Pasay City facilitates commerce amongst its surrounding LGUs.

With

domestic and international airports under its jurisdiction, the city also acts as an

international gateway to Metro Manila and the Philippines.

The prominence of the Baclaran Church in adjacent Paranaque City has

inspired religious devotion and increased business activity in Pasay City. This has

resulted in advantages for Pasay City, such as more job and livelihood prospects, a more

robust local economy, and increased property prices. These benefits, however, are

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accompanied by urban
LYCEUM OFissues
THEsuch as car trafficUNIVERSITY
PHILIPPINES congestion, blight, service breakdown,
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and an increase in the urban poor as economic activity grows.

Pasay City's strategic position and relatively flat terrain are critical to its

growth prospects. Reclamation might be used to extend the city's western shoreline. A

large portion of the town is already built up of reclaimed grounds, on which prominent

landmarks and national government offices are now located. Policy decisions made by

neighboring LGUs are recognized to have an impact on the city's economy. The

apparent increase in business tax receipts was the outcome of Paranaque City's anti-

Baclaran vendor campaign. Similarly, the city has profited from the inflow of local

investors previously discouraged by Makati City's ordinance.

Pasay City has the essentials to preserve its economic machinery. It has highly

educated and competent workers and management; enough energy and water supply;

excellent access by light rail transit systems, excellent communication facilities, road

networks, airports; and some land for growth.

3.2 Building Design Plan

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3.2.1 Vertical
LYCEUM OF Greenhouse Floor PlanUNIVERSITY CAVITE
THE PHILIPPINES

Figure 3.2.1: Vertical Greenhouse Ground Floor Plan

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Figure 3.2.2: Vertical Greenhouse Typical 2nd to 6th Floor Plan

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Figure 3.2.3: Vertical Greenhouse Typical 3rd to 6th Floor Plan

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

A. Greenhouse Building Perspective

Figure 3.2.4: Vertical Greenhouse Building

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 Figure
LYCEUM OF3.2.5:
THEVertical Greenhouse
PHILIPPINES Interior Perspective
UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Figure 3.2.6: Vertical Hydroponic Farming System

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Figure
LYCEUM 3.2.7:OF
Greenhouse Lagoon and UNIVERSITY
THE PHILIPPINES Walkway Exterior Perspective
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Figure 3.2.8: Greenhouse Exterior Perspective

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3.2.2 Office and Warehouse
LYCEUM OF THEFloor Plan
PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Figure 3.2.9: Office and Warehouse Ground Floor Plan

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 FigureOF
LYCEUM 3.2.10:
THEOffice and Warehouse
PHILIPPINES Second Floor
UNIVERSITY Plan
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 Figure
LYCEUM OF THE 3.2.11: WarehouseUNIVERSITY
PHILIPPINES Third Floor Plan
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LYCEUMFigure
OF THE3.2.12: Warehouse Basement
PHILIPPINES Floor Plan
UNIVERSITY CAVITE

B. Office and Warehouse Building Perspective

Figure 3.2.13: Office and Warehouse Building

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LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Figure 3.2.14: Office and Warehouse 2 Point Perspective

Figure 3.2.15: Warehouse Facility

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 Figure
LYCEUM OF THE 3.2.16: Conference
PHILIPPINES Room CAVITE
UNIVERSITY

Figure 3.2.17: Typical Office Room

3.3 List of Assets

Depreciable Assets Total Amount Useful Depreciation

Life Method
Greenhouse Building ₱ 14,000,000.00 15 Straight Line

Office Building 4,900,000.00 12 Straight Line

Machineries and 3,000.000.00 13 Straight Line

Equipment - Greenhouse
Furnitures and Fixtures - 1,000,000.00 9 Straight Line

Greenhouse
Machineries and 1,800,000.00 9 Straight Line

Equipment – Office and

Warehouse
Furnitures and Fixtures - 900,500.00 7 Straight Line

Office and Warehouse

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 VehiclesLYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES
1,800,000UNIVERSITY
6 Straight Line
CAVITE

Leasehold improvements 2,500,000.00 15 Straight Line

3.3.1 List of Depreciable Assets

Table 3.1: List of Depreciable Assets

3.3.2 List of Non-Depreciable Assets

Depreciable Assets Total Amount

Land ₱ ___.00

Investments 2,500,000.00

Table 3.2: List of Non-Depreciable Assets

3.4 Product Description

3.4.1 Label or Packaging

Figure 3.3: Product’s Packaging

As part of Philia's unwavering commitment to promoting greener spaces in

urban areas, the company supports an ingenious solution that involves the use of banana

leaves with bamboo strings for the packaging of products, which are specifically

designed only for individual items. To ensure that the vegetables remain fresh while in

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transit, cardboard
LYCEUMboxes are PHILIPPINES
OF THE used as packaging to keep CAVITE
UNIVERSITY them protected from

contamination.

3.4.2. Product

1. Spinach

Spinach is a nutritious and antioxidant-rich leafy green vegetable. It is

carbohydrate-free but abundant in insoluble fiber, which may aid digestion. It

is a vegetable that is exceptionally highly nutritious, containing high levels of

carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin K, folic acid, iron, and calcium. This vegetable

has been proved to be beneficial to the body in a variety of ways. Spinach has

been shown to reduce oxidative stress, promote eye health, and aid in the

prevention of heart disease and cancer.

2. Lettuce

It's no secret that Filipinos love samgyupsal. Its main dish is lettuce. It wraps

the grilled pork cutlet. According to Philia Corporation, this tendency has

increased consumer demand and expense for lettuce. Nowhere else but high-

altitude locales like Baguio City can this vegetable be grown. Its cost is

prohibitive. It is not surprising that it has several health benefits. It helps

reduce dehydration in the Philippines, where it is usually hot. It also helps

build bone strength. It also improves vision and sleep. This product is aimed at

samgyupsal eateries in Manila and nearby cities. In addition to clients who like

to pick their own vegetables.

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 3. SilingOF
LYCEUM Labuyo
THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Siling labuyo grows to a height of.5 to 1.2 meters. It has woody branches with

3-8 cm long oblong leaves with a pointy tip. Chili pepper has many health

benefits including improving digestion and metabolism, reducing cancer risk,

fighting fungal infections, colds, and flu, relieving joint pain, reducing

inflammation, supporting cardiovascular health, promoting red blood cell

growth, improving ocular health, and maintaining healthy hair and skin. Chili

peppers are known for their fiery flavor that enhances any meal. But chili

peppers are more than just a little spicy. A spice, chili peppers can be cooked

or powdered and dried.

4. Basil

Basil comes in over 60 kinds, with sweet basil being the most often used. The

herb has rounded, frequently pointed leaves. Basil crops vary slightly in flavor

that has vibrant and tasty complement to a wide variety of meals. Additionally,

it may bring some significant health benefits. It is a good source of vitamins

and minerals, as well as antioxidants like lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-carotene, and

beta-cryptoxanthin. Basil's antioxidants, as well as its essential oils, contribute

to many of its health advantages. These compounds are largely destroyed

during the drying process, so wherever possible, go for fresh basil to reap the

greatest advantages.

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 5. Fennel
LYCEUM OF THE PHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Fennel is an herb that yields fennel bulbs and seeds that has excellent market

demand. This herb is often used for medicinal purposes. It treats various

digestive issues including heartburn, intestinal gas, bloating, lack of appetite,

and newborn colic. It's also used to treat upper respiratory infections, coughs,

bronchitis, cholera, backache, bedwetting, and vision difficulties. Because of

its unique, refreshing flavor is utilized in various cuisines for flavoring

purposes, making it a favorite with chefs and homemakers alike.

3.5 Production Process

3.5.1 Hydroponic Plant Production Process

Preparation NFT Pest Management

Harvesting
System Inspection

Greenhouse HVAC
Growing Sorting
and Lighting

Germination of
Transplanting Packaging
Seeds

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 Figure
LYCEUM OF THE3.4: Hydroponic Plant
PHILIPPINES ProductionCAVITE
UNIVERSITY Process

A soil-less growing system, whether commercial or residential, is referred to as

"hydroponics." These systems aid plant growth by supplying water and nutrients to

plants through non-soil media such as coconut coir, peat moss, and clay pellet. Nutrients

mixed into water include phosphorus, nitrogen, and calcium. There are six different

types of hydroponic systems, however the corporation will only use the Nutrient Film

Technique (NFT).

Preparation of NFT System

The PVC Tubes NFT Channel Hydroponic Pipe through which the nutrients

will be delivered before the actual production can begin must be first prepared. It is also

necessary to conduct leak testing after 24 hours of drying. Positioning the reservoir, air

pump’s stone and water pump must be done in this phase. Likewise, the preparation of

nutrient solution to be poured onto the mediums shall be completed.

Lighting, Heating, ventilation and air-conditioning of Greenhouse

The most important thing to point when it comes to vertical farming is how

much cooling, dehumidification, and heating is required to keep the temperature and

humidity of the grow space under control. Dehumidification is also necessary

continuously to remove the moisture from the air that has been added by

evapotranspiration (Et) from the plants and the irrigation system. When using artificial

light to develop plants, it is important to have a balance of warm and cool light that is

like that of natural sunlight. Hence, these must be regulated for the growing process to

begin.

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 Germination
LYCEUM OF of THE
SeedsPHILIPPINES UNIVERSITY CAVITE

Water and oxygen are essential for seed germination. To germinate a seed, it

must be kept at a consistent temperature of 25-30°C. During germination, the embryo

expands rapidly, rupturing the seed coats and allowing the cotyledons or roots to

protrude. The cotyledons develop as proof of germination. The seeds that have

germinated are ready to be transferred in hydroponic setups.

Transplanting

Transplanting is the stage that comes after seed germination; it’s when young

seedlings are moved into the NFT system. One must avoid causing too much “transplant

shock” while transplanting. Plants are shocked when moved from one setting to another

and take many hours to recover. The plugs and roots must be intact while removing the

plants from the trays. This should be done only when the plant needs to be watered

again.

Growing

a. Lettuce and spinach grow well in cool conditions. It thrives in

temperatures between 45 and 70 degrees, rising throughout the day and

falling at night, and does not require long or intense light to grow.

These greens need 10-14 hours of light every day. The pH level for

hydroponic lettuce and spinach should be 5.5-6.5. It thrives on nutrition

sources heavy in nitrogen and phosphorus, but low in potassium.

b. Hydroponically grown ‘Siling Labuyo’ Chilis are quite sensitive to

hydroponic growth conditions. Note that the plant needs nutrients with

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 a pH OF
LYCEUM levelTHE
of 5.5-6.0 to grow properly.
PHILIPPINES It needs 73°-79°F
UNIVERSITY CAVITEduring the day

and 70°F at night to keep its hot flavor. And, because they grow

indoors, they need roughly 18 hours of light each day. During the

fruiting stage, the amount of water applied should be minimized.

c. There are different ideal conditions needed for a parsley planted using

the hydroponic method. It requires a pH level around 5.5 to 6.0 and a

temperature requirement around 60° to 75°F, very cold hardy. High-

intensity discharge lights are also needed for extra supplementation

especially that it is planted indoors. The commended duration of lights

for herbs are around 10 to 12 hours. It is also believed that the herbs

grown hydroponically has 20% to 40% greater amount of aromantic

oils compared to the ones grown normally.

d. Fennel prefers a lower EC of approximately 1.0 to 1.4 and a moderate

pH of 6.4-8.8. It grows best in a cooler climate. Even though fennel is a

drought- and heat-tolerant plant that can endure freezing temperatures,

it is not frost-resistant. Fennel requires an operating temperature of 60

to 70 degrees Fahrenheit to be properly grown. If fennel is kept in good

health, it rarely has problems with pests, though pest infestations can be

detrimental to the crop.

Pest Management Inspection

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 Vertical
LYCEUM and OF
green
THEpatches are damaged
PHILIPPINES by sucking insects
UNIVERSITY CAVITE such as Hoppers

and Aphids. Pest control is required to protect the plants. Philia Company undertakes

extensive inspection, which requires frequent work and commitment to detect pests.

These are the two most reliable scouting methods. Sticky cards in the crop catch insects

like flypaper. Sticky cards help growers identify insects in their greenhouse when seen

regularly. Pests are looked for on the underside of leaves, flower buds, leaf axils and

even root systems. They sample plants from a variety of areas, not only along aisles.

They also assess the pest vulnerability of various plant types and growth areas in the

greenhouse.

Harvesting

The leafy vegetables under hydroponic method, such as lettuce and spinach,

usually takes 35 to 45 days to grow before harvest. Philia has two different styles in

harvesting this kind of products: the "cut and come again" style, wherein they will only

harvest the outer leaves; and the other one where they will include the roots. The fennel

plant, on the other hand, takes 6 to 8 weeks to achieve the appropriate harvesting size.

Fennel plants can be harvested twice, once for the greens and once for the greens and

bulbs together. Using hydroponic method on siling labuyo usually takes 3 to 4 months

to grow but once they showed ripeness, whether in green or red color, they are ready to

harvest. Lastly, parsley grows around 3 weeks before harvesting. They can be harvested

anytime if they become large enough as well as the leaves are ready to use, fresh or

dried.

Sorting

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 InLYCEUM
this stage,OF
after
THE thePHILIPPINES
harvesting procedure has beenCAVITE
UNIVERSITY done, the production

workers would inspect or check if the products are fully developed within the cycle of

its growth. This stage would be done to double check or verify the quality of the

harvested products before offering it to the market. Likewise, in this stage, this is where

the five different products would be sent and designated to their own packaging sites.

Packaging

Philia Corporation have various ways to offer the products to the consumers.

First, the customers could come directly to the greenhouse and straight off buy some of

the products. In that case, the packaging of the vegetables are banana leaves wrapper

and jute strings to secure the wrap. Second way is they could buy the cardboard box

hydroponics set if the customer wants to buy in bulk and wants to preserve the

vegetable products for more days. Thus, the consumer could still consume the products

in its fresh state.

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