Demonstration of CNC machines

#LAB_7
BITS Pilani Instructor: Ayush Owhal
Pilani Campus
Naveen P. T.
Objective: To demonstrate the CNC lathe and milling with basic coding

EQUIPMENT:- CNC turning and milling machines, single point and multi
point tools.

RAW MATERIAL:- Steel rod and aluminum block

A numerical control system in which the data handling, control
sequences, and response to input is determined by an on-board
computer system at the machine tool.

Types of machine tools operated by CNC: Lathe, milling, Plasma,

Spring forming laser cutting, flame cutting, electric discharge
machine, water jet, welding, punch press.

Elements of CNC Machine:

1. Input Device
Input
2. Machine control unit Device
3. Machine tool Part Programmes

4. Driving system Machine Control Unit

Display
Unit
5. Feedback Devices Data Control
Processing Loop
6. Display unit Unit Unit
Miscellaneous Functions Velocity
Motion Data Feedback
How CNC Works?
• Controlled by G and M codes. Position
Feedback
• These are number values and co-ordinates
• Each number or code is assigned to a particular operation. Driving
System Machine
Feedback
Device
Tool
 COMMON FORMAT OF A BLOCK

Feed rate
Dimension words Spindle function
Preparatory functions Tool function

Sequence Miscellaneous
# function

N50 G90 G01 X1.40Y2.25 F10 S1000 T01 M03

Individual words
G code Functions M Code Functions
G00 Positioning (Rapid Traverse) M00 Program stop
G01 Linear Interpolation (Feed) M01 Optional stop
G02 Circular Interpolation - CW M02 Program end
G03 Circular Interpolation - CCW M03 Spindle normal rotation
G04 Dwell M04 Spindle reverse rotation
G20 Inch Data Input M05 Spindle stop
G21 Metric Data Input M06 Tool change
G28 Reference Point Return M07 Oil shot ON
G40 Tool Nose Radius Compensation Cancel M09 Oil shot/ Coolant off
G41 Tool Nose Radius Compensation Left M10 4th Axis clamps
G42 Tool Nose Radius Compensation Right M11 4th Axis unclamp
G50 Work Co-ordinate Change/Max. Spindle Speed setting M19 Spindle Orientation
G70 Finishing Cycle M20 Auto power OFF
G71 Stock Removal in Turning - X M25 Fixture Clamp
G72 Stock Removal in Facing - Z M26 Fixture Unclamp
G73 Pattern Repeating M27 Auto door open
G74 Peck Drilling in Z Axis M28 Auto door close
G75 Grooving in X Axis M29 Rapid tapping
G76 Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle M30 Program end
G81 Deep hole drilling M33 Tool storage
G90 Diameter Cutting Cycle A (Outer/Inner) M50 Oil hole drill coolant ON
G92 Thread Cutting Cycle
G94 Cutting Cycle B (End Face Cycle)
G96 Assessed Surface Speed Control
G97 Assessed Surface Speed Control Cancel
G98 Feed Per Minute
G99 Feed Per Revolution
Turning Programme
Demonstration video for CNC lathe
Milling Programme
Demonstration video for CNC lathe
Thanks