8

Unification of Germany:
Prussia and Bismark ]

O a E A Í `CA Srs (Base of German

Unification up to 1815) 3

RC Confederation of Rhinc) TATE CS SR IE TSR 5CY

T AT6 PAI 47 RTE 4 (tabula rasa) soa CBST

 German unity was in itself a question big with discord and in the
disunion,
case of cetain evantualilies, even civil war". 2 9UZE, affATT TOTUaR I

Loose Confederation) sa 1 I T 2fA1 ZATTA

("States there were in Germany but there was no state.")|

A f A 4T311 gd f a f ('an infamous object'") ITS1R

o R I O TATOR TDe AE"("The unification Germany

S of
the princes and other
had therefore be won in a struggle not only against
powers; o r alternatevely
enemies in the country but also against the fareign
with the help of the foreign powers. ") 1

oR AUA (J. P. T.
Bury) fCRTA, TÁA SOONIA T A
() T-R s ANaKAN STS_9 () TA o (Native)
I. Europe in the 19th & 20th Centuries
(1972). E. Lipsen, P -
46
2 Revolution and Counter Revolution (1904) Karl Marx. P - 30
1. The Rule of Force in History F. Engels, P - 23
RT¥TA CETSAI CIUS7 (Gorres) 3 CSTRA Jahn) T 9 9fst8
a11 1 P 77T 1
Ue 9 CAATÁT RaN TAA (Naturally German) ITA1 (New Germany) AT Tatao
SUN Fa qae
O b8b -ICATaca s (Base of the
Unity upto 1848)

A E A T Rv I 7VA (E. J. Hobsbawm)

CeiC T I TUA (Luden)-93 URMR TNC G (Burschenschafi) AA

AT 7KTEE UA RTG | So R T * (John Browning)

TL NTA
("the genaral feeling in Germany towards the
Zollverin is that it is the first
step towards what is called
Germanization of the people.") I (cSTTRAT S

all politica
(Droz)-93 SAN "Particularism and reaction made virtually

lite impossible." a aRA, TANG AIAI OA FUP

" ("it first found its national identitry in the cultural sphere of
literature and philosophy, that this was
secondly followed by economic
 union of 1834, while its political unification had
unification in the customs
to wait untill 1871 ")1' 2AI5A
A C E I R Í2EIUR d1 Neo Hegelian' AT ÍDGTGAN (Bauer)
fa7| TAA, F I (Bruno),
a- ccd s f a a a , "I have no misgivings about the union gG1
of Germany: our good roads and future railways will do their share." dia
dM 3FY AIAI E 7A1 (Feucrbach) 77 (Marx) A

TT (JIAA) 1* (Rotteck) 4 sP

7197 R7 (United Landtag) TTTFAIO ITS TETT 9ASIA

ToNAtK A AI Landtag (ETA CRSI

CTITT TY RETM (L. Camphausen)g7 AYY gTSI 11ðS

O 3PEG °ÍG (The Frankfurt
Parliament) 3

1. 'Germany 1700-1914' an article in The Fontana Economic History of Europe.

 A E Te"('i was the voice ofthe embryonic German nation...
but it was a voice crying in a void. ") 1

CaTTDOJOAI MPATS AYcy 4 uaTT 7 CA A (Little German)

4R CÍY MC *91 9RA (Convention of Olmuz) 71*

O et-RTA t a
Bismark german unity)3
aaa s s (Base of Pre-

fry RU7A (W. O. Henderson) UL, "

71f -s1 6P OF A77 YT

to
R="("Germany
work at all ") 12TUTT YOIA
was united before Bismark began
, St-yo Patd AfAA
A
1.Rerolution and Counter Revolution Mark. P
53
-
-

2 "The Zollvercin",
History. vol - 19, 1934, P -
18
98

(Bismark and the Prussian

etfaA T ots f t 6
Politics)

FHT f_o T| T (Alfred krupp) ACE -MU

ought to unite with Austria, in order to crush the common enemy, the

TN- (Von Roon) R 5¥ OR A ATC (Moltke) I P

1. J.A. S. Grenville
1. F. Engles Ibid, P -30 Europe Reshaped. P - 28
OGerman
a iaa
Unif+cation) 3
(Bismark and the

fao R AAIRz1, The German unification is the result of three

wars produced by the diplomacy
of Bismark. *sMA SURPT 7RTA4A

F R A"("Not by speeches and majority votes are the greal que

of the day decided, that was the great blunder of 1848 and 1849, b
C*
blood and iron.") /7SAR AN6a HTa TAT7 TATTa 7rTTE CRI
C I T SerG T07 T1 (London
Protocol) aoTTR TF
 PRI , AAIGT
1 NT4CATS1 (La Marmora)-93 T f7A 9 r 7

prs (Convention of Gastein)T31 Ors MGafI agakTA

a 5 STI JTCRI 31 A 7 9 (Sadow or

Ts ORTICTA TRNCH asaw (Austroslavism) afT AIC T

1. The course of German History - Taylor, P - 17 - 118

80 8

7 t 3sA (Marshal Randon) F A , "It was France, who was defeated at with France lay in the logic of History. ") /PAA TA TAS TSAI
("A war

(Taylor)-93 A , Sbb-7 oi AUTTI NftcT RPAT RIR

capitalist middle classes ceased on 3rd September io demand control of the
state; they accepted junker rule and confined their liberalism to hoping for SoRUFS TB PA ZUIT" ("We have done enugh for our

liberal administration'. generation.")1

aT (Duke of Gramont)I F AST PIRS UTCUTATA

afooit arT 1311 TEN TTIBR TA (Seaman) ATEA
4R IT`S FUTÄNT G ("Magyar domination of Hungary
and Hungerian domination of Austria - Hungary was as much a product of
Bismark as junker domination of Prussia and Prussian domination of (Who bullied him (Napoleon - II1) into spineless, tearful acceptance of their
frantic notion that a war would save him.)'1

2
1. Ibid
Ibid -
Taylor.
Taylor.
P - 122
P
-

124
. From vienna to ersailles -

Seaman, P -
114
8 8

CUTA

sfdu TTfoa orIA AM 2T73 CTU (Workers republic) afd

TT GE (Count Benediti-T aFATA 3 1 cafRm a, aaAR

1413 T87APMA 9 TT gn PS (Paris commune)

S TDA17 M5sis cAc @TURiE aE (R. H. Lord) "The origins ot the
war of 1870' a t TUI AR A, >buva atR faAT T e A A, ZEAS
 8
88

AC CTAÍRTETA I TUs MCT (Bertrand Russel) 'Freedom versus organisation

devil do I care about the paty states? My only safefuard and

concern is to

increase the power of Prussia. UIT (G. Barraclough) cRATRA a,

"' SLU

a etfta 1T17 T T Fa (A By Product of

Prussia's Interest)

TT 4R S T R TAAs TE AEI" ("The unification of

Germany was incidental, a by-product of his never-ending pursuit of Prussian

B. Seaman), 5 7 (David Thomson) A

.P. Taylor) AI (L. C.
TaffAR d araTa TNIA AUT"' I a 9 dMT (Grant and Temperly)
F , "German unity was for him (Bismark) an extension of Prussian

(E. Lipson) A V AA, UIU AMA TOTI NA GTIoA RURA,

KTR ("taly absorbed Piedmont, whereas Prussia absorbed

Germany. ")1
1. Freedom versus
fAAI6a TA organisation. I1776 - 1914.- B. Russel, P
aczfcRTRA T 2 Origins of
Modern - 159
G3TT (Bruce waller) fFA' Ca, Germany- G. Barraclough. P 20 -

3. Burope in the 19th and 20th centuries- Grant and

Temperly. P -
147
 8
8

RHTAT (Pan-Germanism) 75 rafkTAIIA-aANCTA TI

RR-TAT" (Great German)-3M1 TTt oPY HCaTCTAI

(Litle German) R AT4TAIT ara Rrark A man with limited

TAPIRNTTE RTA

vicnna to versailles' gA A, "Bismark's German Empire was

not its unification. ..t was Hitler's

based on the division of Germany,
Reich that was the German Empire."TUT T (A. J. P. Taylor) aRIA

Germany with the

claimed to lave united germany; in reality he partitioned
Habspurgs. " o T (Mark Weber)-47 aro, afPaI A 4 7AST 4

f4TAR FIKN C7A1BT3 (Pseudo Constitutional absolut1sm)11

I. Europe Reshaped Grenville.

-
P - 365
A. J. P. Taylor. P- 87
: Grandeur and Decline
-

1. Europe
 8

History of Russia : 1815 - 1881I]

[

on the Eve
etteta afNT (Russia
OGA *o 3
of the 19th Century)

"...more the zollverein

AOUI e AFTI oA fATURA,
CTTIR 7ITI
home market, the m o r e the
states in this
admitted the pett their economic
expanded and to prussia a s
these states got used
burgeoning bourgeois of
TUTTATR
IYA GYe
leader."' RSA
political
and potentially their

8
P -
30
r E in tdistory F. Engels.