GLOBAL WARMING

CONTENTS:

 What is global warming

 Greenhouse effect
 Human impact on greenhouse effect
 Reduction of Greenhouse effect on Earth
 Causes of Global warming and its effects on atmosphere
 Coping with global warming
 GLOBAL WARMING;
It is the slow increase in the average temperature of the Earth’s atmosphere because
an increased amount of energy (heat) striking the Earth from the Sun is being trapped
in atmosphere and not radiated out into space. It is resulting from the enhancement of
Green House Effect. UN intergovernmental Panel on climate change forecasted in
2007 that; by the year 2100 global average temperature would increase 1.8-4.0 ºC
depending on a range of scenarios for greenhouse gas emissions.

Top 10 warmest years (NOAA)(1880–2020)

Rank Year Anomaly °C Anomaly °F
1 2016 1.00 1.80
2 2020 0.98 1.76
3 2019 0.95 1.71
4 2015 0.93 1.67
5 2017 0.91 1.64
6 2018 0.83 1.49
7 2014 0.74 1.33
8 2010 0.72 1.30
9 2013 0.68 1.22
10 2005 0.67 1.21
1920 1940

1960 1980

2000 2020
 GREENHOUSE EFFECT

➢ The greenhouse effect is a process that

occurs when gases in Earth's atmosphere
trap the Sun's heat. This process makes
Earth much warmer than it would be without
an atmosphere. Greenhouse is a building
with glass walls and a glass roof.
➢ A greenhouse stays warm inside, even
during the winter. In the daytime, sunlight
shines into the greenhouse and warms the
plants and air inside. At nighttime, it's colder
outside, but the greenhouse stays pretty
warm inside. That's because the glass walls
of the greenhouse trap the Sun's heat.
 The greenhouse effect works much the
same way on Earth. Gases in the
atmosphere, such as carbon dioxide, trap
heat similar to the glass roof of a
greenhouse. These heat-trapping gases
are called greenhouse gases.
 During the day, the Sun shines through the
atmosphere. Earth's surface warms up in
the sunlight. At night, Earth's surface cools,
releasing heat back into the air. But some
of the heat is trapped by the greenhouse
gases in the atmosphere.
 How are humans impacting the greenhouse effect?

Human activities are changing Earth's natural greenhouse effect. Burning

fossil fuels like coal and oil puts more carbon dioxide into our atmosphere.
NASA has observed increases in the amount of carbon dioxide and some other
greenhouse gases in our atmosphere.
Too much of these greenhouse gases can cause Earth's atmosphere to
trap more and more heat. This causes Earth to warm up.
WHAT REDUCES THE GREENHOUSE EFFECT ON EARTH?

➢ Just like a glass greenhouse, Earth's greenhouse is also full of plants! Plants
can help to balance the greenhouse effect on Earth. All plants — from giant
trees to tiny phytoplankton in the ocean — take in carbon dioxide and give off
oxygen.
➢ The ocean also absorbs a lot of excess carbon dioxide in the air. Unfortunately,
the increased carbon dioxide in the ocean changes the water, making it more
acidic. This is called ocean acidification.
 CAUSES OF GLOBAL WARMING

➢ Burning Fossil Fuels; When we burn fossil fuels like

coal, and gas to create electricity, to produce luxury accessories
or power our cars, we release CO2 pollution into the
atmosphere.

➢ Deforestation; Plants and trees play an important role in

regulating the climate because they absorb carbon dioxide from
the air and release oxygen back into it. Forests and bushland
act as carbon sinks and are a valuable means of keeping global
warming to 1.5°C.
Up to one-fifth of global greenhouse gas pollution comes from
deforestation and forest degradation.
➢ Transport;
Green gas emission from the transport sector
have more than doubled since 1970, with around
80% of this increase coming from road vehicles.
Currently, the transport sector is almost
completely dependent on fossil fuels. It
contributes approximately one quarter of all
energy-related carbon dioxide emissions

➢ Waste;
Every year, an estimated 11.2 billion tonnes of
solid waste is collected worldwide, and decay of
the organic proportion of solid waste is
contributing about 5% of global greenhouse gas
emissions.
From 2010 to 2019, waste generated
globally grew from 5.3 to 7.3 kilograms per capita
annually
 EFFECTS OF GLOBAL WARMING

➢ Increase in average temperature;

Most immediate and obvious effect of global warming. As the global temperature has
increased by 0.8ºC over past 100 years
➢ Ice melt;
it is one of the primary manifestation of climate change. According to the National
Snow and Ice Data Center, there is now 10 percent less permafrost, or permanently
frozen ground, in the Northern Hemisphere than there was in the early 1900s.
➢ Increase sea levels;
In 2014, the World Meteorological Organization reported that sea-level rise
accelerated 0.12 inches (3 millimeters) per year on average worldwide. This is around
double the average annual rise of 0.07 in. (1.6 mm) in the 20th century. According
to an IPCC report, if greenhouse gas emissions remain unchecked, global sea
levels could rise by as much as 3 feet (0.9 meters) by 2100.
Increased drought;
Water is becoming scarcer in more regions.
Droughts can stir destructive sand and dust
storms that can move billions of tons of sand
across continents. Deserts are expanding,
reducing land for growing food. Many people
now face the threat of not having enough water
on a regular basis

Loss of species;
Climate change poses risks to the survival of
species on land and in the ocean. These risks
increase as temperatures climb. Forest fires,
extreme weather and invasive pests and
diseases are among many threats. Some
species will be able to relocate and survive,
but others will not.
 1984 Cape Cod’s ever-changing Coast 2020

July 13th 2019 Drought shrinks California’s Shasta lake June 16 20221
 WAYS TO REDUCE GLOBAL WARMING
➢ Prevent deforestation and
tree-clearing; plant more
trees through reforestation

➢ Relying on energy from bio-

fuels; minimize the burning of
fossil fuel resulting in the less
emission of Carbon traces

➢ Obtaining electrical energy

from clean, renewable energy
source like solar and wind.
➢ Switching to electric engine
vehicles;
Fossil fuel engines emits an
enormous amount of greenhouse gases
but these can be replaced by hybrid
electric engines

➢ Replanning Towns;
Towns, cities and industrial sites should
be redeveloped considering global
challenges in mind.

➢ Reduce waste; Minimize the use of

plastic and to adapt the habit of
recycling the waste
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