SHARON L.

GONDALES, MAT-Math
Teacher III
LESSONS AND COVERAGE
In this module, you will learn more
about sequences.

LESSON 1: Arithmetic Sequence

LESSON 2: Geometric and Other
Sequences
LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
Generate and describe patterns
Find the next few terms of a sequence
Find the general or nth term of a sequence
Illustrate an arithmetic sequence

LESSON 1 Determine the nth term of a given arithmetic sequence

Find the arithmetic means between terms of an

arithmetic sequence

Determine the sum of the first n terms of a given

arithmetic sequence

Solve problems involving arithmetic sequence

LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
Illustrate a geometric sequence
Differentiate a geometric sequence from an
arithmetic sequence
Determine the nth term of a given geometric
sequence
Find the geometric means between terms of a
LESSON 2 geometric sequence
Determine the sum of the first n terms of a geometric
sequence

Determine the sum of the first n terms of an infinite

geometric sequence
Illustrate other types of sequences like harmonic
sequence and Fibonacci sequence
Solve problems involving geometric sequence
MODULE MAP
SEQUENCES

ARITHMETIC GEOMETRIC
SEQUENCES SEQUENCES OTHER TYPES

Finding the Next Term

Finding the nth Term
Finding the Arithmetic/Geometric Means
Finding the Sum of the First n Terms
Solving Real-Life Problems
ACTIVITY 1:

What’s next?
___
0, 4, 8, 12, 16, _____
20

What is the 10th number? 36

9, 4, -1, -6, -11, _____
-16

What is the 8th number? -26

ABSTRACTION: LESSON 1
A sequence is a function whose domain is the
finite set {1, 2, 3, …,n} or the infinite set
{1, 2, 3, …}.
The members in the sequence are called
terms.
A sequence may be determined through:
a. Listing the members
Example:
(1) 1, 5, 9,…denote a sequence.
(2) 50, 47, 43, 38,… is a sequence.
 ABSTRACTION

Is 2, 4, … denote a sequence?
Is it possible that the third term for the
sequence is 6? 7? 8? 12?
Suppose we add 3 more terms to each of
the following sequences.
2, 4, 6, 8, 10,…
2, 4, 7, 12, 19,…
2, 4, 8, 16, 32,…
2, 4, 12, 48, 240,…
ABSTRACTION

This situation tells us that in the list,

two terms are not enough to specify a
sequence. Hence, at least there should
be three terms before one can
determine the defining rules which
generates the sequence.
Activity 2 : Term after Term.

Find the first five terms of the

sequence given the nth term.
1.an = n + 4
2. an = 2n – 1
3. an = 12 – 3n
4. an = 3n
5. an = (-2)n
ABSTRACTION

b. Word description
Example:
(1) Set of angle sizes that are multiple
of 300. e.g. 300, 600, 900,…
(2) The maximum number of
intersections produced by one line, two
lines, by three lines and so on.
ABSTRACTION
c. General term
Example:
(1) If an = 2n2, find the first three
terms.
If n = 1, a1 = 2(1)2 = 2
If n = 2, a2 = 2(2)2 = 8
If n = 3, a3 = 2(3)2 = 18
Thus, the first three terms are 2, 8 and 18.
ABSTRACTION
d. Recursive definition
Example:
(1) List three terms of the sequence given
that a1 = 5 and an+1 = 3an.
If n = 1, the relation an+1 = 3an results to
a1+1 = 3a1 or
a2 = 3a1 since a1 = 5 Thus, the terms are
a2 = 3(5) = 15 5, 15, 45,…
a3 = 3a2
a3 = 3a2 = 3(15) = 45
ACTIVITY Getting to know you
TERM AFTER TERM
A. Find the first 5 terms of B. What is the nth term for
the sequence given the each sequence below?
nth term.
1. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,…
1. an = n + 4 2. 3, 5, 7, 9, 11,…
2. an = 2n – 1 3. 2, 4, 8, 16, 32,…
3. an = 12 – 3n 4. -1, 1, -1, 1, -1,…
4. an = 3n 5. 1, ½ , 1/3 , ¼ , 1/5 ,…
5. an = (-2)n
ABSTRACTION
An arithmetic sequence is a sequence where
every term after the first is obtained by adding a
constant called the common difference.
The sequence 1, 4, 7, 10, and 15, 11, 7, 3 are
examples of arithmetic sequence since each one has a
common difference of 3 and – 4 respectively.
In general, the first n terms of an
arithmetic sequence with a1 as the first term
and d as common difference is

an = a1 + (n – 1)d
ABSTRACTION
Example 1. What is the 10th term of the
arithmetic sequence 5, 12, 19, 26,…?
Solution:
Since a1 = 5; n = 10; d = 7
Then, an = a1 + (n -1)d
Then,a10 = 5 + (10 -1)7
a10 = 5 + (9)7
Then,a10 = 5 + 63
Then,a10 = 68
Thus, the 10th term of the
arithmetic sequence is 68.
ABSTRACTION
Example 2. How many terms are there in the
arithmetic sequence – 4, - 2, 0, 2,…if the nth term is 76?
Solution:
Since a1 = -4; d = 2; an = 76
Then, an = a1 + (n-1)d
Then,76 = - 4 + (n-1)2
76 = - 4 + 2n – 2
Then,76 = -6 + 2n
Then,76 + 6 = 2n
82 = 2n
n = 41
Thus, there are 41
terms in the sequence.
ABSTRACTION
Example 3. Find the value of y so that y + 3, 4y +
1, 8y – 3 is an arithmetic sequence.

Solution:
a1 = y + 3; a2 = 4y + 1, a3 = 8y – 3
a2 – a1 = a3 – a2
4y + 1 – (y + 3) = 8y – 3 – (4y + 1)
4y + 1 – y – 3 = 8y – 3 – 4y – 1
– 2 + 3y = 4y – 4
2=y
Thus, the value of y is 2.
Evaluation
Determine the next three terms of each
sequence below.
1. 81, 27, 9, 3, 1, . . .
2. 1/5, 2/7, 4/7, 8/11, 16/13, . . .
Determine the first three terms of the given
nth term.
3. an = (1)n 2n
!
4. an = "("$!)

Find the nth term of the following

sequence.
5. 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, …
& ( )
6. , , 2,
' ' '
Assignment

Write the first five terms of the

sequence defined by the following
functions.

1. F(n) = ½ n + 1
2. F (n) = (-1) n – 1 / n3
ABSTRACTION

An arithmetic means are the terms

between two numbers such that the sequence
formed is an arithmetic sequence.
Example 1. Find three arithmetic means
between – 7 and 17.
This tells us that there are 5 terms in a
sequence. Hence, a1 = - 7 and a5 = 17.
Using the formula
an = a1 + (n – 1)d,
we can find the arithmetic means.
EXAMPLE

Hence, a5 = a1 + (n – 1)d so
Hence, 17 = - 7 + (5 – 1)d
Hence, 17 = - 7 + 4d
Hence, 24 = 4d
Hence, d = 6
Since the common difference is 6, then add
d for every obtained term.
Thus, the missing terms
are -1, 5 and 11.
EXAMPLE
Example 2. The arithmetic mean of two numbers is
12. If the greater number is decreased by 5 times the
smaller, the result is 6. Find the two numbers.
Solution:
Let x – the smaller number
y – the larger number
*$+
&
= 12; x + y = 24; y = 24 – x Eq. 1
y – 5x = 6; y = 6 + 5x Eq. 2
Equate y in Eq. 1 & 2
24 – x = 6 + 5x
x = 3; y = 21
Thus, the two numbers are
or 3 and 21.
ACTIVITY

1. Insert 3 arithmetic means between

7 and 39

2. Insert 2 arithmetic means

between 2x + 6 and 5x +9.
Evaluation

A. Insert the indicated number of arithmetic means

between the given first and last terms of an
arithmetic sequence.
1. -16 and -8 [3]
2. x+y and 4x-2y [2]

B. 3. Find the value of a when the arithmetic mean

of a+7 and a+3 is 3a+9.
4. Find the value of x if the arithmetic
mean of and 3x+5 is 8.