Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education

1-A Lasip Chico, De Venecia Highway

Dagupan City

ACTIVITY SHEET IN MATHEMATICS 10

1st QUARTER (WEEK 1-2)
Content: SEQUENCES AND SERIES
Content Standard: Demonstrates understanding of key concepts of factors of polynomials,
rational algebraic expressions, linear equations and inequalities in two variables, systems of
linear equations and inequalities in two variables and linear functions.
MELC: Generates patterns.
Illustrates an arithmetic sequence
Determines arithmetic means, nth term of an arithmetic sequence and sum of the terms of a
given arithmetic sequence.
K to 12 BEC CG: M10AL-Ia-b-1, M10AL-Ib-2

Objectives:

1) Identify patterns
2) Generate patterns
3) Determine finite and infinite sets
4) Illustrate an arithmetic sequence
5) Determine arithmetic means
6) Find the nth term of a sequence
7) Find the sum of the given arithmetic sequence

Prepared by:

MARVELOUS C. VILLAFANIA
Teacher I
SEQUENCES
A sequence may be generated from shapes, patterns, or rules. Each number in a sequence is
called a term. Each term is identified by its position in the ordered list. The terms are usually denoted
by a1, a2, a3, … or t1, t2, t3, … . For the sequence of numbers:
1, 3, 6, 10, 15
the first term: t1 = 1,
the first term: t2 = 3,
the first term: t3 = 6,
the first term: t4 = 10, and
the first term: t5 = 15,
A number sequence is a list of numbers having a first number, a second number, a third
number, and so on called the terms of the sequence.
A sequence having a finite number of terms is called finite sequence.
A sequence having an infinite number of terms is called an infinite sequence.
Example:
Find the next two terms of each sequence.
a. 5, 8, 11, 14, …
b. 15, 7, –1, –9, …
c. 7, 14, 28, 56, …
Solution:
a. In the given sequence:
5, 8, 11, 14, …

+3 +3 +3
A term is obtained by adding 3 to the previous term
5th term = 14 + 3 = 17
6th term = 17 + 3 = 20

b. Observe the sequence:

15, 7, –1, –9, …

-8 -8 -8
A term is obtained by subtracting 8 to the previous term
5th term = –9 – 8 = –17
6th term = –17 – 8= –25

c. In the sequence:
7, 14, 28, 56, …

x2 x2 x2
A term is obtained by multiplying the previous term by 2.
5th term = 56 x 2 = 112
6th term = 112 x 2 = 224

d. In the given sequence:

24, –12, 6, –3, …

÷2 ÷2 ÷2
A term is obtained by dividing the previous term by –2.
3
5th term = –3 ÷ –2 =
2
3 3
6th term = ÷ –2 = –
2 4

ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
A sequence which consecutive terms have a common difference is an arithmetic sequence.
The sequence a1, a2, a3, …, an, is arithmetic if there is a number d such that:
a2 – a1 = d, a3 – a2 = d, a4 – a3 = d and so on.
The number d is the common difference in the arithmetic sequence.

Formula for finding the nth term of an Arithmetic Sequence

The nth term, an, of an arithmetic sequence with the first term, a1, and common difference,
Example:
Write a formula for the nth term of the given arithmetic sequence.
a. 11, 18, 25, 32, 39, …
b. 9, 1, –7, –15, –23, …
Solution:
a. Each term is 7 more than the previous term, so d = 7. Since a = 11, the nth term is
an = a1 + (n – 1)d Check: Substitute a few terms
= 11 + (n – 1)7 a1 = 7(1) + 4 = 11
= 11 + 7n – 7 a2 = 7(2) + 4 = 18
an = 7n + 4 a3 = 7(3) + 4 = 24

b. d = 1 – 9 = –8 and a1 = 9
The nth term is: Check a few terms
an = a1 + (n – 1)d a1 = 17 – 8(1) = 9
= 9 + (n – 1) –8 a2 = 17 – 8(2) = 1
= 9 – 8n + 8 a3 = 17 – 8(3) = –7
an = 17 – 8n
Example:
1. Find the 15th term of the arithmetic sequence 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, …
Solution:
Note that a1 = 16, d = 20 – 16 = 4, n =15
an = a1 + (n – 1)d
a15 = 16 + (15 – 1)4
= 16 + 14(4)
= 72
2. In the arithmetic sequence 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, … , which term is 120?
Solution:
Find n when an = 120
Let a1 = 6, d = 6, and an = 120
an = a1 + (n – 1)d Formula for the nth term of an arithmetic sequence
120 = 6 + (n – 1)6 Substitute the known quantities
120 = 6 + 6n –6 Apply the Distributive Property
120 = 6n Combine like terms
n = 20 Divide both sides by 6.
Therefore, 120 is the 20th term.

3. Find the 18th term of the arithmetic sequence which first term is 11 and which seventh term is
59.
Solution:
Find the common difference, d, by substituting a1 = 11 and a7 = 59 into the formula
an = a1 + (n – 1)d.
a7 = a1 + (7 – 1)d Replace a7 with 59 and a1 with 11
59 = 11 + (7 – 1)d Simplify
59 = 11 + 6d Subtract 11 from both sides
48 = 6d Divide both sides by 6
d=8
Find a18 by substituting a1 = 11 and d = 8 in an = a1 + (n – 1)d
a18 = 11 + (18 – 1)8
a18 = 11 + 136
a18 = 147
SUM OF THE FIRST N TERMS OF AN ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE
Given an arithmetic sequence where a1 is the first term and an is the nth term, the sum of the first
n
n terms is given by: Sn = (a1 + an)
2
Example:
Find the sum of the following:
1. first 25 terms of the arithmetic sequence 18, 23, 28, 33, 38, …
2. first 50 terms of the arithmetic sequence if the first term is 21 and the 20th term is 154
3. first 18 terms of the arithmetic sequence which general term is an = 15 + 8n
Solution:
1. an = a1 + (n – 1)d
a25 = 18 + (25 – 1)5 Substitute all the known values.
 = 18 + 24(5)
= 18 + 120
= 138

Solve for S25:

n
Sn = (a1 + an) Substitute all the known values
2
25
S25 = (18 + 138) Simplify
2
= 1,950
Therefore the sum of the first 25 terms of the arithmetic sequence is 1,950

2. Solve for d using the formula an = a1 + (n – 1)

a20 = a1 + (n – 1)d Substitute the known values
154 = 21 + (20 – 1)d Simplify
154 = 21 + 19d Subtract 21 from both sides
154 = 19d Divide both sides by 19
d=7

Find a50 :
a50 = 21 + (50 – 1)7
= 21 + 343
= 364

Thus,
50
S50 = (21 + 364)
2
= 25(385)
= 9,625
Therefore, the sum of the first 50 terms is 9,625

3. Solve for a1 and a18:

a1 = 15 + 8(1) = 15 + 18 = 23
a18 = 15 + 8(18) = 15 + 144 = 159

Find S18 :
n
Sn = (a1 + an) Substitute the known values
2
18
S18 = (23 + 159) Simplify
2
= 9(182) Simplify
= 1,638
Name: __________________________________________ Date: _____________

Grade/Section: ____________________________________ Score:____________

Title of the Activity: PATTERN IT UP!

MELC: Generates patterns.

Illustrates an arithmetic sequence
Determines arithmetic means, nth term of an arithmetic sequence and sum of the terms of a
given arithmetics sequence.
K to 12 BEC CG: M10AL-Ia-1, M10AL-Ib-1
Objectives: Identify and generate patterns

Direction: Find the next two terms of each sequence.

1. 1, 4, 7, 10, ... ____________________
 2. 4, 1, 4, 1, ... ____________________

3. 5, 2, 8, 3, ... ____________________

4. 0, 2, 8, 18, ... ____________________

5. 4, 8, 16, 32, ... ____________________

2 2 4
6. , 0, - ,- , ... ____________________
3 3 3

3 4 5 6
7. , , , , ... ____________________
4 9 16 25

1 1 1 1
8. , , , , ... ____________________
2 6 12 20

9. , , , ____________________

10. , , , ____________________

Name: __________________________________________ Date: _____________

Grade/Section: ____________________________________ Score:____________

Title of the Activity: PATTERN IT UP!

MELC: Generates patterns.

Illustrates an arithmetic sequence
Determines arithmetic means, nth term of an arithmetic sequence and sum of the terms of a
given arithmetics sequence.
K to 12 BEC CG: M10AL-Ia-b-1, M10AL-Ib-2

Objectives: Illustrate an arithmetic sequence

Direction: Fill in the blanks to make each statement true.

 1. A sequence which consecutive terms have a common difference is a/an _______________.
2. The number d in an = a1 + (n – 1)d is called the __________________ of any two
consecutive terms in an arithmetic sequence.
3. The indicated sum of an arithmetic sequence is called a/an _____________________.
4. The sum, Sn, of the first n terms of an arithmetic series with first term, a1, and nth term, an,
is given by __________________.
5. The common difference of the arithmetic sequence 3, 1, -1, -3, -5, ... is ______________.
Write the formula for the nth term of the given arithmetic sequence.

6. 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, ... __________________

7. 4, 10, 16, 22, 28, ... __________________

8. -2, 1, 4, 7, 10, ... __________________

9. -15, -11, -17, -3, ... __________________

10. 7, 15, 23, 31, 39, ... __________________

Name: __________________________________________ Date: _____________

Grade/Section: ____________________________________ Score:____________

Title of the Activity: PATTERN IT UP!

MELC: Generates patterns.

Illustrates an arithmetic sequence
Determines arithmetic means, nth term of an arithmetic sequence and sum of the terms of a
given arithmetics sequence.
K to 12 BEC CG: M10AL-Ia-b-1, M10AL-Ib-2

Objectives: Find the nth term of a sequence

Direction: Find the indicated term for each sequence.

 1. 9, 12, 15, ... (12th term)

2. 1, -4, -9, ... (15th term)

3. 4, 7, 10, ... (10th term)

6 7
4. 1, , , ... (9th term)
5 5

5. 20, 12, 4, ... (12th term)

Solve for the missing term.

6. a1 = 2 d=3 a7 = ?

7. a1 = -4 d=? a12 = -26

8. a1 = 9 d=? a10 = 45

9. a1 = ? d=5 a6 = 28

10. a1 = -1 d=5 an = 34 n=?

Name: __________________________________________ Date: _____________

Grade/Section: ____________________________________

Score:_____________

Title of the Activity: PATTERN IT UP!

MELC: Generates patterns.

Illustrates an arithmetic sequence
Determines arithmetic means, nth term of an arithmetic sequence and sum of the terms of a
given arithmetics sequence.
K to 12 BEC CG: M10AL-Ia-b-1, M10AL-Ib-2

Objectives: Find the sum of the given arithmetic sequence

Direction: Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the following arithmetic sequence.

1. a1 = 10 and d = 7

2. a1 = 25 and d = 4

3. a1 = 101 and d = 3

4. a1 = 12 and a10 = 38

5. a1 = 15 and a10 = 55

6. a1 = 10 and a4 = 31

7. a1 = 21 and a5 = 81

8. a1 = 28 and a10 = 91

9. Find S24 for the sequence 2, 14, ..., 12n – 10, ...

10. Find S25 for the sequence -8, 7, ..., 15n – 23, ...

References:

A. Books
Orlando A. Oronce & Marilyn O. Mendoza. 2019. E-Math. Manila, Philippines: REX Book
Store. pp. 1-32

B. Government Publications
Government of the Philippines. 2010. Philippine Statistics. Series No. 13. Manila.

C. Online and Other Sources

Department of Education. http://www.deped.gov.ph/
Math is Fun. http://www.mathisfun.com/sets
Math Goodies. http://www.mathgoodies.com/lesson/sets