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Teacher: ____Ma'am SAB_________________ Date: ___________________

Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person

Module 3: Quarter 2

Society: What Drives Human Person To Establish It

Objective:

1. define society; 
2. recognize how individuals form societies; and 
3. Lesson 1 Society: What Drives Human Person To Establish It
4. recognize how individuals are transformed by societies.

You have learned in the previous modules about the nature of man. You have also encountered the lesson about
intersubjectivity and how it defines our interactions with other persons. Now, let’s explore how it is connected with the idea
of establishing society.

WHAT I KNOW THINK & SHARE: Read the statement carefully and answer it accordingly. What comes to your mind
when you read or hear the statement below: “NO MAN IS AN ISLAND” Share your thoughts by writing it in your activity
notebook. Express it with at least 5 sentences.

WHAT’S IN?
As we have learned in the previous lessons, humans have the natural tendency to establish relationships with
other people. The ability of a person to engage in meaningful interactions with other people, or even with his/her
surroundings and the objects around him/her, is deeply rooted by one’s awareness of himself/herself and of others. This
shared awareness and understanding among persons is referred to as inter subjectivity.
Through inter subjectivity, the relationship between the self and the other enables the person to relate, establish
and to maintain meaningful relationships with others. Meaningful and beneficial human relationships are founded on the
values of acceptance, openness, and respect beyond diversity. With this prior knowledge, let us explore now the idea of
what propels human to establish society. Are you ready to embark on this journey? Let’s GO!

WHAT’S NEW?
Culture indicates the flow of relationship between society and human individuals. It is one of the human natures to desire
and to act according to some goal which is commonly the goal of survival. When one person meets another person with
the same goal, then it can be considered that they desire for the common good.

Common good may include peace within the community, clean and safe environment, efficient public service, etc. With
these common good, humans are required to work together and to establish relationships with each other, which results in
establishing forms of society. For instance, family is the basic unit of society. Through this, infants first relate with their
parents or guardians as the source of basic needs for survival. As they grow, they expand their connections and start
relating and forming bonds with people outside their family. Friendships are established starting from childhood up to
adulthood. They also learn how to deal and to interact with other superiors aside from their parents/guardians (e.g.
principal, teachers, company boss, elderly persons).

WHAT I HAVE LEARNED? Directions: Answer the following questions using your own words:

Express your answer in 5 sentences only. Write it in your activity notebook. Reflect and foresee yourself 10 years from
now, what will you become and how will you contribute towards society you have been part of? Give your insights with a
minimum of 5 sentences.

Lesson 2 Different Forms of Society

You have learned in the previous lesson about society and what urges human to establish society since no man is an
island. Now, let’s explore the different forms of societies emerged over the years.

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

In this lesson, you are expected to:
 identify different forms of societies; and
 compare different forms of societies and individualities

WHAT IS IT?

Different forms of Society

1. Hunting and gathering society: is the earliest and simplest form of society and is generally recognized by its small size,
since it consists mainly of families. They spend most of their time searching for food, thus, they are considered as
nomadic; no permanent territory. Its members are treated equally and decisions are usually derived through consensus.
As a result, the roles of its members and the distribution of labor is not clearly defined.

2.Pastoral society: is characterized by the domestication of animals served as a source for food supply. Compared to
hunting and gathering society, this form of society has a larger population and remains in one place. They also produce
surplus food and resources which they trade with other societies forming meaningful bonds. This relative prosperity
enables the people to engage in other activities apart from those necessary for survival, such as handicrafts which
eventually leads to the emergence of specialized tasks in the community.

3.Horticultural society: engages in the small-scale cultivation of plants, fruits, and vegetables and the domestication of
animals. Semi-nomadic, which means that they travel to another place when there is shortage of the resources in one
area.

4.Agrarian/agricultural society: involves in a large- scale and long-term cultivation of crops and domestication of animals.
Characterized by improved technology and usage of tools to aid in farming which results in increased production giving
rise to a growing population in agricultural societies. Large population leads to a more structured social system that helps
manage resources and its member.

5.Feudal society: is based on the ownership of land. Its members are organized based on status which consists of higher
class/ruler (people who own a land), vassal/follower (granted a right to manage a land), and peasants (workers who
cultivate the land and tend the animals in exchange of military protection). This society is mindful of the hierarchy system.
It arose during Medieval times in Western part of Europe.

6.Industrial society: is based on the use of specialized machinery in the production of goods and services. The emergence
of new production and industrial methods along with innovations in transportation and communication are results from the
advances of science and technology in the late 18th century. In this era, improved trade and commerce, public education
and better life conditions are evident for many people. However, an important factor in social relations within this form of
society is the workplace where people interact with individuals who do not come from the same family, clan, or
community, thus, cultural diversity and bureaucratic forms of organization arises.
 7.Post-industrial society: emerged by the establishment of societies based on knowledge, information, and the sale of
services. Virtual society arises where people organize themselves through communication technology and Internet. This
society is composed of members with higher educational attainment, better training, and specialized roles

Lesson 3 Interrelationship between Human Person and Society :

This lesson provides information and activities to help you grasp the concept of how human relations are transformed by
social systems and how society influences our development as persons

WHAT I NEED TO KNOW?

In this lesson, you are expected to:
 explain how human relations are transformed by social systems; and
 evaluate how social systems transform human relationships as well as how societies transform individual
human beings

WHAT IS IT?
In your Activity 1, you have guessed the definition of some keywords that you needed to know to better grasp the concept
of this new lesson. Let’s see if you’ve guessed right! It can be said that you cannot think of a person outside of society and
you cannot think of a society without a group of persons. Thus, human persons and society are interrelated to each other
in which one cannot exist without the other. Moreover, society’s role is considered important in the growth and
development of a person as well as the person’s role in transforming society. One important way wherein society
influences us, as person is, its ability to define the relationships and interactions among its members.

There are various ways that society influences our development and interactions but one way is through the
establishment of the following:

● Norms – a set of traits and behavior that society considers acceptable, thus, to be encouraged to pass unto other
members (e.g. pagmamano : Filipino’s unique gesture to greet and show respect to elders)
● Laws – more formal and stringent norms that establish and define acceptable behavior of citizens (e.g. using of
pedestrian lanes when crossing streets)
● Folkways – less formal norms that arise from tradition and do not result in punishment when violated (e.g. concept of
appropriate swimwear, others might wear T-shirt and shorts, others might wear bikini)
● Social system – organized or patterned set of relationships among individuals and groups that compose a society
● Social role – actions and behaviors expected of a certain individual
● Social groups/ Social classes – individuals who share similar backgrounds or perform similar roles
● Social institutions – certain groups that perform vital functions in society which include the family, school, government,
and religion
● Social values – actions or ideals that are considered vital in maintaining an orderly society (e.g. cooperation, obedience
to the law, concern for others, respect for diversity, etc.)

***END OF MODULE 3 Quarter 2**

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