PUBLIC POLICY, LAW AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF FILIPINOS

What is Public Policy?

Public Policy is an attempt by a government to address a public issue by instituting
laws, regulations, decisions, or actions pertinent to the problem at hand. Numerous issues
can be addressed by public policy including crime, education, foreign policy, health and
social welfare.

Three Major Types of Public Policy

1. REGULATORY PUBLIC POLICY is conceived to preserve orderliness in a community

by prohibiting behaviours perceived negatively by the general society. It is about
achieving government’s objectives through the use of regulations, law and other
instruments to deliver better economic and social outcomes and thus enhance the life
of citizens and business
Examples:
 Highway Speed Limit
 Consumer Protection Policy
 Environmental Protection Policy

2. DISTRIBUTIVE PUBLIC POLICY provides incentives to citizens, groups or

corporations to encourage them and inherently provide positive economic impacts.
Furthermore, it refers to the provision of benefits to citizens, groups or corporations
Examples:
 Public education
 Subsidies
 Social insurance

3. REDISTRIBUTIVE PUBLIC POLICY purposely created to promote equality

Examples:
 Equal pay for equal work
 Voting rights
 Health care programs

The Policy-Making Process

The Philippine policy-making process can be viewed in a legislative and executive
perspective.
Two Stages:
1. Pre-policy stages
2. Policy stages

PRE-POLICY STAGES
 problem definition
 policy demands
 agenda formation

POLICY STAGES
 policy adoption
 policy implementation
 policy evaluation’
 problem redefinition

Public Policy in the Philippines

Institutional built-in systems of policy-making in the Philippines:
 National Economic Development Authority (NEDA) – for socio-economic policies
  National Security Council (NSC) – for security and defense
 Legislative Executive Development Advisory Council (LEDAC) – general
legislative agendas
 Metro Manila Development Authority (MMDA) – local level agencies for
concerns affecting basic services

Legislative Process: How a Bill Becomes a Law

Prepared by: Jenebeth Velasco

REFERENCES:
https://www.csub.edu/~rdaniels/ppa_503_lecture6a.ppt
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332864241_The_Philippine_Context_of_Public_
Policy_and_Policy-Making
https://www.slideshare.net/mobile/jobitonio/public-policy-23310782
http://www.congress.gov.ph/legisinfo/
http://www.oecd.org/gov/regulatory-policy/
https://www.quora.com/What-are-the-concepts-of-distributive-public-policy