Educ 601

Methods of Research

Name: NEWMAR G. ROMERO MAT-ENGLISH

I. Identification. Write your answer on the blank.

Research 1. It is a systematic inquiry that utilizes a formal method of studying a
problem with the ultimate goal of expanding the existing body of knowledge.
Systematic 2. It is a characteristics of a research Study that follows a series of stage
that start with the identification of problem.
Empirical 3. It is a characteristics of a research study that is based on experiences or
anchored upon actual experiments.
Data Analysis 4. It is a characteristics of a research study that tends to manifest
careful, precise judgements and analytical evaluations which may prompt other
researcher look into the realm of related problems.
Scientific Research 5. It is a type of research aimed to discover fundamental truth or
principles of the unravelled boundaries of nature for purpose of exploring new
knowledge as basis for declaring new learning theory or law.
Action Research 6. It is a type of research that calls for a study on a problem that
needs an immediate action.
SOP/ Research Questions 7. It is precisely a question that needs an answer or
solution.
Purpose of the study 8. It is a plan, the scheme or the pattern which shows the
intention of the researcher.
Historical Method 9. It is a method of research that is also known as documentary
method. The researcher should avail himself of the use of documents on recorded
information and facts.
Descriptive Method 10. It is a method which is otherwise known as normative survey,
it is concern with the prevailing or existing status of an event or problem.
Experimental Method 11. It is a method that focus on the outcome of the study from
the point of view of the future with the manipulation of one independent variable on one
or more dependent variable.
Participatory Method 12. It is a method that requires that researchers the researchers’
participation in undergoing that activities within the bounds of the problem sought for
investigation.
Statistical 13. It is a method where researcher make use of quantitative, measurement
where data are communicated in form of mathematical figures and quantities.
Population 14. It refers to the whole group that comprises the number of the defined
class of people, events or objects.
Sample 15. It refers to the members of the group or of the class which are subjects of
observation and also drawn from the same population.
Respondents 16. It refers to the individuals involved in the study who answers
questionnaires from which the needed data are obtained.
Random Sampling 17. It is a method of choosing a sample that each member of the
population has an equal chance to be included in the sample.
Purposive Sampling 18. It is method of choosing a sample that each member of the
population has an equal chance to be included in the sample.
Non-random Sampling 19. It is a sampling that uses no method of sampling or
selecting respondents.
Cluster Sampling 20. It is the process of choosing the samples in cluster.

II. TRUE or FALSE

False 1.The title of research study is generally in the form of a sentence which
expresses a problem that calls for an explanation.
True 2. Research problem is SMART.
True 3. For brevity, advance sources apparently recommended that a research title as
much as possible should not be in excess of fifteen (15) content words.
True 4. Research is defined as a scientific study or investigation conducted purposely to
discover facts only.
True 5. One who contemplates to work on a research study most first of all be able to
identify a specific problem.

III. ENUMERATION

1-5 Guidelines on assessing a problem

Personal Inclination. The chief motivation in the way of selecting research problem is
the personal inclination of the researcher. If a researcher has personal interest in the
topic, he would select that problem for his research work.

Resources Availability. During the selection, a researcher will see to the resources
available. If these resources like money, time, accommodation and transport are
available to the selection place, then the selection of the problem is easy.

Relative Importance. The importance and the problem also play a vital role in the
selection of research problem. If the problem is relatively important, then the researcher
tends towards the selection of the problem.

Researcher Knowledge. The researcher knowledge should play a vital role in the
selection of the research problem. The wisdom and experience of an investigator is
required for well collection of the research data. He can bitterly select a problem.

Practicality: Practicality is also responsible for the selection. The practical usefulness
of the problem is the main motivation for a researcher to attend it.

Time-lines of the Problem. some problems take little time for its solution while others
take more time. So, it depends on the time in which we have to complete his research
work.
Data Availability. If the desired data is available to the researcher, then the problem
would be selected.

Urgency. Urgency is a pinpoint in the way of the selection of research problem. Urgent
problem must be given priority because the immediate solution can benefit the people.

Feasibility. Feasibility is also an important factor for the selection of the research
problem. The researcher qualification, training and experience should match the
problem.

Area Culture. The culture of the area for which a researcher conducts his research is
also responsible for the selection of research problem.

6-8Research Report Requirements

6. Summary
7. Conclusion
8. Recommendation

9-10 Two general form of sampling technique

9. Probability Sampling
10. Non-probability Sampling

11-15 Characteristics of Research Problem

11. Research topic must be very clear and easy to understand. It should not distract
people.
12. If a topic is well define is the only way to successful research. The topic should
not create doubt and double impression.
13. Easy language is a key to success. Use technical words if necessary otherwise
focus of simplicity.
14. Research title should be according to the rules of titling. There are different
rules of titling, a researcher must aware before writing a research title.
15. While selecting a research topic current importance of a researcher should also
be considered.

IV. Explanation

1. Differentiate Research Design vs. Research Method

Research design is a plan to answer your research question. A research method is a
strategy used to implement that plan

Research methods are concerned with the various research processes, procedures,
and tools – techniques of gathering information, various ways of analyzing them.
Research problems can be categorized into two basic sections: qualitative research and
quantitative research. Researchers may use one or both of these methods (mixed
method) in their research studies. The type of research method you choose would
depend on your research questions or problem and research design.

The main aim of a research study is to produce new knowledge or deepen the existing
understanding of a field. This can be done by three forms.

Exploratory research – identifies and outlines a problem or question

Constructive research – tests theories and suggests solutions to a problem or
question

Empirical research – tests the viability of a solution using empirical evidence

On the other side of the coin, Research design is the overall plan or structure of
the research project. It indicates what type of study is planned and what kind of results
are expected from this project. It specifically focuses on the final results of the research.
It is almost impossible to proceed with a research project without a proper research
design. The main function of a research design is to make sure that the information
gathered throughout the research answers the initial question unambiguously. In other
words, the final outcomes and conclusions of the research must correspond with the
research problems chosen at the beginning of the research.

A research design can be,

Descriptive (case study, survey, naturalistic observation, etc.)

Correlational (case-control study, observational study, etc.)

Experimental (experiments)

Semi-experimental (field experiment, quasi-experiment, etc.)

Meta-analytic (meta-analysis)

Review (literature review, systematic review)

Thus, Research design is a plan to answer your research question while a research
method is a strategy used to implement that plan

2. Differentiate quantitative and qualitative

Quantitative research

 It is numerical, non-descriptive, applies statistics or mathematics and uses

numbers.
 It is an iterative process whereby evidence is evaluated.
 The results are often presented in tables and graphs.
 It is conclusive.
 It investigates the what, where and when of decision making.

Qualitative research

 It is non-numerical, descriptive, applies reasoning and uses words.

 Its aim is to get the meaning, feeling and describe the situation.
 Qualitative data cannot be graphed.
 It is exploratory.
 It investigates the why and how of decision making.