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HIGH SCHOOL COMMERCIAL MATH

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© Prof Iyer

From
Prof.Iyer
Teaching IB, A level and AP past 15 years.
Head of dept-Author Examiner- Curriculum Manager- Moderator-IB Math
Teachers’ Worldwide
ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com

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PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

LIST OF TOPICS PLANNED

1. RATIO
2. PROPORTION
3. PERCENTAGE
4. PROFIT AND LOSS
5. TAX
6. INTEREST
7. DISCOUNT
8. APPRECIATION AND DEPRECIATION
9. SIMPLE AND COMPOUNT INTEREST
10.SHARES AND DIVIDENDS
11.LOANS
12.EQUATED MONTHLY INTEREST
13.ANNUITY AND MORTGAGING
14.EQUITY
15.SAVINGS AND CURRENT ACCOUNT

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

COMMERCIAL MATH

TOPIC 1 : RATIO

Problem 1
Ratio is the measure of comparing 2 quantities of same units

Liesha is given Rs 200 and Kavish is given Rs 500 as Pocket money for Nov 2021
Liesha is given Rs 300 and Kavish is given Rs 600 as Pocket money for Dec 2021
Liesha is given Rs x and Kavish is given Rs 800 as Pocket money for Dec 2021
a) Find the ratios of their pocket money between L and K for Nov 2021
b) Find the ratios of Nov Pocket Money to Dec Pocket Money
c) Find x if the ratio between Kavish and Liesha is
(i) 2:1
(ii) 1:3
(iii) 3:2

Solution

a) Liesha Nov 2021 = Rs 200 and Kavish Nov 2021 = Rs 500

Ratio 2: 5
b) Nov 2021 = Rs 700 and Dec 2021 = Rs 900
Ratio 7: 9
c) (i) 2 Parts = 800 => 1 part = 400
Therefore x= Rs 400
(ii)1 Part = 800 => 3 part = 2400
Therefore x= Rs 2400
800
(iii) 3 Part = 800 => 1 part = 3
1600
2 parts = 3
= 533.33

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

Problem 2

Liesha sells 20 Laptops @ Rs 30,000 each laptop in Sep 2021

Liesha sells 2 Laptops less @ Rs 32,000 each laptop in Oct 2021
(a) Find the ratio of the sales of Sep 21 and Oct 21
If Liesha sells 10 more laptops of her Sep 2021 count at Oct 2021 laptop price in Nov 2021 ,
(b) Find the Nov 21 sales

Solution

(a) Sep 2021 : 20 laptops X Rs 30000 = Rs 600,000 ( Six Lakhs only )

Oct 2021 : 18 laptops X Rs 32000 = Rs 576,000 ( Five Lakhs, Seventy six thousand only )
Ratio ; 600 : 576 => 300: 288 => 150 : 144 => 75 : 72 :=> 25:24

(b) Nov 2021 : 30 laptops X Rs 32000 = Rs 960,000 ( Nine Lakh Sixy thousand only )

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

Problem 3
Kavitha is given Rs 400 as pocket money each month for July 2021, Aug 2021 and Sep 2021
July 21 ratio of spending in first 15 days to second 15 days is 3:2
Aug 21 ratio of spending in first 15 days to second 15days is 2:3
Sep 21 ratio of spending in first 15 days to second 15 days is 7:3

a) Find the money spent in the first half of July Month

b) Find the money spent in the Second half of Aug Month
c) Find the money spent in the first half of Aug and Sep Month
d) Find the ratio of total money spent in first half of all 3 months to second half

Solution
Kavitha is given Rs 400 for July 2021
Let the money spent be 3x in first half of July 2021
Let the money spent be 2x in second half of July 2021
Total money spent in July 2021 =5x
5x = 400
x = 80
a) Money spend in first half = 3x = 3( 80) = 240 Rs

b) Kavitha is given Rs 400 for Aug 2021

Let the money spent be 2x in first half of July 2021
Let the money spent be 3x in second half of July 2021
Total money spent in Aug 2021 =5x
5x = 400
x = 80
b) First half of Aug 21 , Month = 2x = 2( 80) = 160 Rs

c) Kavitha is given Rs 400 for Sep 2021

Let the money spent be 7x in first half of Sep 2021
Let the money spent be 3x in second half of Sep 2021
Total money spent in Aug 2021 =10x
10x = 400
x = 40
c) First half of Sep 21 , Month = 7x = 7( 40) = 280 Rs Total first half money of Aug + Sep =Rs 440

d) First half July 21=Rs 240 . Second Half = 400 -240 =160
First half Aug 21=Rs 160 Second Half = 400 -160 =240
First Half Sep 21 = Rs 280 Second half = 400-280= 120
______________________________________________________
Total = Rs 680 Total = Rs 520
Ratio 680 : 520 = 34 : 26 = 17 : 13

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

Problem 4
Liesha Walks for 2 miles, runs for 4 miles and drives double of the distance that she covered by
foot on Day 1
Liesha Walks for 4 miles, runs for 2 miles and drives thrice of the distance that she covered by
foot on Day 2

a) Find the ratio of her walking distance of day 1 to day 2

b) Find the ratio of her distance travelled by foot of day 2 to day 1
c) What proportion of driving distance Liesha drives on day 1
d) How much more she has to run and walk to make the ratio between
walking , running and driving 1: 1 : 1 on day 2

a) 2 : 4 = 1 :2
b) Day 1 : 6 miles Day 2 : 6 miles Ratio 1:1
c) Liesha drives 12 miles out of total 18 miles travelled = 12/ 18 = 2 /3
d) She has to walk 14 more miles and 16ore miles to make It
all equal to 14 : 14: 14 = 1: 1: 1

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

Problem 5
Liesha has Rs 500
it has to be divided with 3 of her friends
• Friend A gets 2 parts of the whole sum
• Friend B gets 3 parts of the whole sum
• Friend C gets Rs 100 from the whole sum
If Liesha money is increased by Rs 300 and if her friends A and B get same ratio as earlier
and C gets thrice than the earlier case
a) Find how much A and B gets in first case
b) Find how much A, B and C gets in second case

solution
Liesha has Rs 500. It has to be divided with 3 of her friends
• Friend A gets 2 parts of the whole sum
• Friend B gets 3 parts of the whole sum
• Friend C gets Rs 100 from the whole sum
From above A and B together should get Rs 400
2 parts of 400 goes to A
3 parts of 400 goes to B
5 parts is equivalent to Rs 400
1 part is equivalent to Rs 80
From above
2 parts = Rs 160
3 Parts = Rs 240

b) From above C will get Rs 300

A and B together should get Rs 500
2 parts of 500 goes to A
3 parts of 500 goes to B
5 parts is equivalent to Rs 500
1 part is equivalent to Rs 100
From above
2 parts = Rs 200
3 Parts = Rs 300

A gets 200 B gets 300 and C gets 300

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

Problem 6
Liesha works for a Project organization
She is paid a fixed money for her services and a variable pay as per the project completion status
Her company pays a fixed money of $ 2000 per month and a variable pay @ $ 1000 for each 10% of the
project completion work . This is calculated each month
Liesha completes the full work on 30tH Nov 2021

SN Project completion Status Money Liesha receives end of

month
January 2021 0%
February 2021 10%
March 2021 10%
April 2021 5%
May 2021 0%
June 2021 20%
July 2021 5%
Aug 2021 15%
Sep 2021 5%
Oct 2021 0%
Nov 2021 X%

a) Find the value of x

b) Find the money Liesha makes each month by filing the table
c) Find the 2021 total amount earnt in 11 months
d) If Liesha ‘s savings to expenditure in 11 months is in the ratio of 2 : 3 , find the
amount spent by Liesha in 2021 ( 11 months )

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005

Solution :
a) x = 30
b)

SN Project completion Status Money Liesha receives end of

month
January 2021 0% $ 2000
February 2021 10% $ 3000
March 2021 10% $ 3000
April 2021 5% $ 2500
May 2021 0% $ 2000
June 2021 20% $ 4000
July 2021 5% $ 2500
Aug 2021 15% $ 3500
Sep 2021 5% $ 2500
Oct 2021 0% $ 2000
Nov 2021 30% $ 5000

c) On adding all the figures, Liesha gets $ 32, 000 for 11 months pay
d) 5 parts is equivalent to $ 32, 000
1 part = $ 6400
Savings 2 parts = $ 6400 x 2 = $ 12800
Expenditure 3 parts = $ 6400 x 3 = $ 19200

Problem 7
Liesha’s marks of Math, Physics and Chemistry are in the ratio 5 : 3: 2
If each exam is for 100 marks, find the actual score of each subject

Solution
Lliesha scores 50 marks in Math
Lliesha scores 30 marks in :Physics
Lliesha scores 20 marks in Chemistry

PROF IYER ib.mathfaculty@gmail.com Teaching IB, AP and Freshmen since 2005