CHAPTER ONE ANWER H.

MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

1.5 PARTIAL DERIVATIVES:

DEFINITION:
The partial derivatives of with respect to x at the
point is:

Similarly :
The partial derivatives of with respect to y at the point
is:

⌉ .

So , if To find

, we consider y & z are constant.

, we consider x & z are constant.

, we consider x & y are constant.

Examples: Find , for the following functions:

a)

, and

b) ∫

Sol.
]
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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

c)

Sol.

(Implicit diff.)

Example: Find and for the fn.

1) Find

………

2) Find

…………

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

Second and higher order partial derivatives:

1- ,

2- ( )

3-

4-

5- ( ) ( )

Example(1): Let Find

a- , b- , c- , d-

Sol.

a- ,

b-

c-

d-

Example(2): Show that the function ,

satisfies the Laplace equation

Sol.

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

So
satisfy given the Laplace equation.

Example(3): Let show that

at (x, y)

Sol.

…….(1)

……..(2)

From 1 &2 at (x, y)

H.W : Find and

1.
2.

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

1.6 Chain Rule:

Theorem: If has continuous partial derivatives
and if are differential functions of (t)
then : is a differential function of (t)

Example(1):

If , , .Find at

Sol.

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

Example(2):
Use the Chain Rule to find the derivative of with respect
to t along the path .What is the derivative’s
value at ?

Sol.

H.W
1. , ,
2. , and at

Theorem: If is differential and x, y, z are

differential functions of (t) then w is differential function of (t)
and

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

Example(3):
Use the Chain Rule to find the derivative of with
respect to t along the path and .What
is the derivative’s value at ?
Sol.

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

Example(4):

Find for , where: y ,

Sol.

THEOREM :
Chain Rule for Two Independent Variables and Three
Intermediate Variables Suppose that , ,
and .If all four functions are differentiable,
then w has partial derivatives with respect to r and s, given by the
formulas

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

Example(5): Express and in terms of r and s if

, ,
Sol.

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

H.W:

1. Find and as fn. of u and v if ,

, .

2. Find and at if and

√

Implicit differentiation:
Suppose that is a diff. fn. And that the eqn.
define y as a diff. fn. Of x. Then at any point where we
have .

Example: Suppose that the eqn.

Define y as a diff. fn. Of x .Find at the point

Sol.
,

At the point .

Note:
If define z as fn. of x and y and if then

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CHAPTER ONE ANWER H. MJILY
PARTIAL DERIVATIVES Petroleum &Gas Engineering Department

Example: Let . Find ,

…….. , ……. , ……

and ,

In general :
Suppose that is a differentiable function of
the variables( x, y, z, ………v) (a finite set) and the( x, y, z,
………v) are differentiable functions of (p, q, …......... t) (another
finite set). Then w is a differentiable function of the variables (p)
through (t), and the partial derivatives of (w) with respect to these
variables are given by
equations of the form:

The other equations are obtained by replacing (p) by(q ,…….,t)

one at a time.

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