Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

INTRODUCTION

Rationale of the Study

Tourism is one of the world's fastest growing industries as well as the

major source of foreign exchange earnings and employment for many

developing countries. It is a recreation movement which includes a discretional

utilization of money and time (Haque, et.al 2015). However, due to the threat of

COVID-19 pandemic, tourism industry has been greatly affected.

Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is a contagious disease brought about by

extreme intense respiratory disorder Covid 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus has

been followed back on November 2019 by the principal case recognize in China.

Coronavirus characterized as an irresistible infection brought about by a new

infection. This infection was spread quick.

The tourism industry involves the exercises of individuals traveling to and

remaining in places outside their standard lasting spots of living arrangements

for not more than one continuous year for recreation, business, and different

purposes. In view of this expansive definition, the tourism industry incorporates

all socio-economic activities that are directly or in a roundabout way associated

with offering types of assistance to sightseers (Ghosh, 2001).

However, coronavirus has had a significant impact on global economic

development. Isolation, travel restrictions, and social-distancing measures all

1
 2

contribute to a substantial drop in customer and business consumption. This

situation resulted in a worldwide financial downturn. Regardless, the government

has made various steps to reduce the spread of COVID-19 illness. For example,

a few countries were experimenting with a lockdown strategy for mobility control

(MCO). As a result of this strategy, shoppers stay at home, firms lose money and

lay off people, and unemployment rates skyrocket.

From the third and fourth weeks of March 2020, when various government

agencies, schools, public and private colleges, as well as commercial firms,

notably the tourism industry, began to allow its workers to work from home or

from the office in rotation, Covid-19 grew fast. Employees in the tourist business,

such as those in hospitality, tourism destinations, airlines, tours, and travel,

began to work alternate or shifting shifts to accommodate the needs of one day

in and one day out.

In the Philippines, 88 percent of respondents expect to lose more than half

of their revenue in 2020 as a result of travel restrictions and business closures.

Sixty-three percent of respondents also expect their firms to return to normal in

the next six months to a year. These findings are concerning because the tourist

industry accounted for 12.7 percent of the country's GDP in 2019 and supported

5.71 million employment. Many firms have seen a decrease in production as a

result of remote working. The epidemic also resulted in layoffs and changes in

staffing. (https://www.pwc.com/ph/en/publications/tourism-pwc-

philippines/tourism-covid-19.)
 3

Tourists who enjoy swimming and snorkeling go to the municipality of

Daanbantayan. This has also developed into a significant dive destination, well-

known for the large numbers of harvester sharks that use the maritime highway

connecting Cebu and the Leyte Islands, which might be exploited for tourism

development. The stakeholders of the Municipality of Daanbantayan have

established modern-day rest homes, inns, youth motels, and cafés to make use

of natural resources. The concept of tourism has now taken on a greater

importance among the authorities, development planners, and residents of

Daanbantayan Municipality. Monad Shoal, thresher sharks, and white sand

beaches; these rich natural and cultural attractions are valuable ingredients to

promote tourism in the island (Widera, 2019).

From those relevant bits of information on tourism industry and the local

discussion on the tourism sectors in Municipality of Daanbantayan and the great

effects of COVID-19, this study generally aimed to investigate the present

problems of tourism industry in Municipality of Daanbantayan due to COVID-19

pandemic as perceived by the selected employees among hotels and resorts.

Thus, this study is worthy and relevant in the current tourism situation.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

This chapter includes a discussion of various literature and studies

pertaining to tourism industry in the Philippines and COVID-19 that is relevant to

this study.
 4

Coronavirus 2019. Research regarding COVID-19 suggested that SARSCoV-2

started by bats before moving into pangolins, and then into humans. Current

research concluded that snakes might be the missing link. However, the latest

paper refutes this theory, adding more evidence that pangolins are the link. Most

scientists agree that bats are a reservoir for SARS-CoV-2. They also agree that

to reach humans, the virus needs an intermediate host (Medical News Today,

2020). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) are responsible in

monitoring the outbreak of a new COVID-19.

The first identified of COVID-19 virus is a person from Wuhan, China.

Then, this virus has spread worldwide, leading WHO to declare this situation as

a pandemic phenomenon, which means this new disease was spread worldwide

(Medical News Today, 2020). The symptoms of COVID-19 are varying from

person to person that may produce few or no symptoms. However, it can also

lead to severe illness and may be fatal. Common symptoms including fever,

breathlessness, cough and potential loss of taste or smell. This symptom may

take 2–14 days.

COVID-19 can spread from person to person through small

droplets from the nose or mouth which are spread when a person with COVID-

19 coughs or exhales. These droplets land on objects and surfaces around the

person. Other persons then catch COVID-19 by touching these objects or

surfaces, then touching their eyes, nose or mouth. Persons can also catch

COVID-19 if they breathe in droplets from a person with COVID-19 who coughs

out or exhales
 5

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

PRESENT PROBLEMS OF TOURISM INDUSTY IN

DAANBANTAYAN, CEBU DUE TO COVID-19

NEGATIVE EFFECTS

COPING MECHANISMS
 6

Figure 1. Conceptual Framework of the Study

droplets. Therefore, it is very important to stay more than 1 meter away from a

person.

According to WHO (2020) for avoid infection and to slow transmission of

COVID-19, persons are encouraged to follow the following suggestions:

• Wash hands regularly with soap and water or clean them with alcohol-

based hand rub. • Maintain at least 1-meter distance between you and

others persons coughing or sneezing.

• Avoid touching your face.

• Cover mouth and nose when coughing or sneezing and stay home if

you feel unwell. • Refrain from smoking and other activities that weaken

the lungs.

• Practice physical distancing by avoiding unnecessary travel and staying

away from large groups of persons.

According to World Health Organization (2020), the highest cases of

COVID-19 is United State of America that are 163,199 cases and the second

country is Italy with the total cases are 105,792 (2nd April 2020). Thus, it is

important for all people to prevent and slow down transmission COVID-19 virus

by follow the suggestions by WHO.

The COVID-19 give impact on the demand and supply of the products

worldwide. The domestic consumers demand in most countries probable to drop

 7

sharply. Demand for food, medical assistance and other essential items may

rise, but this would be more than offset by lower demand for non-essential goods

such as apparel and various services.

Demand would also fall due to other factors such as foreign buyers

delaying or withdrawing orders; tourists, both local and foreign, cancelling trips;

and the declines in the stock market which erodes peoples’ wealth and their

willingness to spend. Lower overall domestic consumer demand will have a

negative impact on production and employment. The drop-in consumer demand

may have a lower effect in manufacturing, where companies could, if they have

access to credit, build up stocks of finished goods rather than reduce production

and lay off staff. However, the effects on the small-scale services sector are

likely to be dramatic (Khan and Yasmine Khan, 2020)

Effects to Employees
In realization that majority of employees are now being faced with the

possibility of job losses as a result of the pandemic, some governments have

stepped in to assist private companies (employers)to shoulder their contractual

obligations (Johny, 2020). For instance, on 20 th March 2020, the United Kingdom

government established Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme (Kelly 2020). The

scheme will cover 80% of the wages of employees who would otherwise have

been laid-off subject to an overall cap of 2,500 pounds per month

(FieldfisherCOVID-19). Further on the 27th of March 2020, the government

announced that it would also cater for the employees’ insurance and pension

(Gov. UK: Further details of coronavirus job retention scheme announced:

 8

see:https://www.gov.uk/government/news/furtherdetails-of-coronavirus-job-

retention-scheme-announced). Employers are first required to declare an

employee furloughed before an employee can access the scheme.

Hotel Employees (Central Bureau of Statistics, 2020) most hotel workers

in Jakarta are permanent employees. Hotel employees’ indicator consist of

permanent employees, unpaid employees, contract employees and foreign

employees. The number of hotel employees consist of: permanent employees

65.35%; unpaid employees 0.59%; contract employees 42.72% and foreign

employees 0.34%. When observed from the level of education completed, in

2018, hotel workers in Jakarta have varying levels of education, but in general

are still dominated by high school graduates who reach 47.30% of the total

accommodation workers in DKI Jakarta. In addition to high school, there are also

many workers who graduated from vocational tourism which is 16.05%. Next, the

workers with the latest Diploma education in DI, DII, or DIII reached 16.89%, with

details of 7.45% graduating from the tourism diploma and 9.44% from other

diplomas. While for university graduates at 15.59%, where workers graduated

from the university majoring in Tourism at 7.67% and other majors at 8.92%

(Soehardi, S., Untari, D., & Raya, U. J., 2020).

Tourism Industry: An Overview

The tourism industry is comprised of the activities of individuals recognized

as guests to a place. A guest is not just somebody who is going for recreation. A

guest is likewise somebody who is making a visit for not exactly a year to the

primary goal outside of their typical condition for any fundamental reason including
 9

occasions, relaxation, and diversion, business, wellbeing, training, or different

purposes. The tourism industry is, without question, one of the significant social

and monetary wonders of current time (Jennings, 2001).

In 2013, Shawon defined the tourism industry as individuals who travel "the

aggregate of the wonders and connections emerging from the movement and

remain of non-occupants, to the extent that they don't prompt lasting habitation

and are not associated with any procuring action. The tourism industry is the

impermanent, transient development of individuals to goal outside the spots

where they regularly live and work and their activities during the stay at every

place. It incorporates movements for all reasons.”

In 1998, Zulfikar characterized the tourism industry as far as specific

activities embraced outside the home. The term tourism industry is now and then

utilized reciprocally. In this unique situation, travel has a comparative definition to

the tourism industry however infers a progressively deliberate excursion. The

terms tourism industry and vacationer are some of the time utilized derogatorily,

to infer a shallow enthusiasm for the way of life or areas visited by sightseers.

Tourism Industry in the Philippines

The Philippine tourism industry is to be sure one of the significant supporters

of our Gross Domestic Product. History shows that there are now long haul

advancements of the travel industry in the Philippines that have been affected by

the communication of both inner and outer components. A portion of these

elements incorporates the overall engaging quality of the nation after some time,

its nearness to business sectors, the accessibility of traveler framework and

 10

superstructure, and the degree to which its job as an advertiser of financial and

social improvement is perceived.

The Philippines is a nation with rich customs, regular excellence, fined

beaches, timberlands, lakes, slopes, wild carries on with, archeological attractions,

landmarks, crafted works, havens, strict celebrations, social legacy, innate culture

and design, mind-boggling greenery, powerful waterways, and alluring stream

travels, bright seashores, brilliant ancestral life and appealing social capacities

that offer incredible vacation spots (Euromonitor, 2006).

The tourism industry includes going for delight, pleasure, and instruction. It

is additionally a business of drawing in vacationers and accommodating their

convenience and diversion. In the Philippines, the travel industry is an industry

for procuring income and outside trade. The numerous organizations that

develop simultaneously with the advancement of the travel industry incorporate

aircraft, delivery, lodgings and eateries, money organizations, visit

administrators, trip specialists, vehicle rental firms, food providers and retail

foundations and together, they contribute fundamentally to the general

improvement of a nation's economy and to its social b roadening and adjustment

(Euromonitor, 2006).

Related Studies

The study of Hoque et. al., on the Effect of Coronavirus(COVID-19) in the

Tourism Industry in China shows that this pandemic has brought downfall to the

economic development.
 11

Coronavirus the deadly virus has almost taken half of China's lives.

Beijing has postponed all of its tour groups from leaving China. Moreover,

Singapore, U.S, and Australia have restricted foreign national entry to the

country for those who had been in China. There are many domestic as well as

international flights in china, which forced to be canceled because of the panic

related to the emergence of Corona Virus. The airline industry is severely

affected due to the cancellation of the flights from and to china due to

coronavirus (World Economic Forum 2020).

Cancellations of flights have severely impacted the industry, as the sales

and revenue of the Airlines Company have been reduced significantly.

Furthermore, many cruise lines like Norwegian Cruise Line and Royal Caribbean

have suspended sailing from and to China. Since the outbreak has begun the

Cruise lines have limited passengers (Nytimes 2020).

Also if the 52 Asian Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies Vol. 3, No. 1,

(2020) ISSN 2651-6691 (Print) ISSN 2651-6705 (Online) ISSN 2651-6691 (Print)

| ISSN 2651-6705 (Online) | asianjournal.org suspension of travel continues for

the long term then it is expected that the company will get financially weak. It will

hamper the company financially which is difficult for the company to survive. The

coronavirus has attacked China in one of its busiest seasons especially when

millions of people are traveling both out and in of the country. More than 10

percent of global tourists are comprised of Chinese tourists (Koe 2020). This

helps out the international travel companies carry out business with the Chinese

people (Airport Technology, 2020).

 12

Several nations like Britain, U.S. have suspended their trade and travel

relationship with China only because of the panic of spreading the virus

(Aljazeera 2020). The impact of this deadly virus called Covid – 19is already

spread across the Asian continent. As per the country's tourism bureau, China

alone brought about $127.3 billion in the year 2019 (Jennings 2020).

The rate of cancellations of travel and tourism agreement with China and

other Asian countries is increased where this pneumonia-like virus has spread

increasingly. According to the travel agency, people were just fed up and if they

were asked regarding any tour they either say they are not interested or they will

visit in the coming year. Near about 75% of travelers of Luxury Travel agency

have suspended their tickets for Southeast Asian countries which are to be

departed by February and March (Eikstein 2020).

A lot of holiday destinations in Southeast Asia regions like Beijing,

Shanghai, Xi’an, Chengdu, in China along with various destination in Malaysia

and Singaporehad been booked by the global tourists, which were canceled and

rebooked for other destination like Southern Africa, Maldives, and Australia

(Briefing and Associates, 2020). Even many investors, who invested in the

Chinese industries like electronic and cosmetic industries have expected that the

impact of the tedious virus will last for about six to twelve months. This means

that the effect of the coronavirus has a negative impact on the tourism segments

of China. Chris Nassetta the CEO of Hilton has stated that there is a huge loss

for his company due to the coronavirus. According to him, the estimated loss that

might take place is from $25 million to $50million (Eikstein 2020).

 13

The research findings confirm that the emergence of the coronavirus

affects the Chinese tourism industry significantly as the inception of this

particular virus is in the Wuhan province in China. The critical effect of the

coronavirus on the human body that led to severe Pneumonia has grown

significant fear among the people. The data proves human to human

transmission of the coronavirus, according to the data in the middle of Dec 2019;

due to close contact human to human transmission to the coronavirus has been

occurred. Hence, the virus has emerged as a significant threat to the human as

the life of a human is at risks due to the infection of the coronavirus (Northam

2020). In this context, the Chinese people are barred by the other countries as

the panic about the coronavirus has been circulated hurriedly across the globe.

Hence, everybody fears the infection of the coronavirus. Hence, the

outbound tourist activities in China are reduced significantly which affects the

tourism industry as the tourism companies associated with outbound tourism

faces severe loss. The Chinese economy is largely reliant on the tourism

industry and every year a significant amount of global tourists come to visit the

important tourist destinations in China. The hospitality and tourism industry in

China do significant profits from the global tourist and in the current context,

maximum numbers of global tourists have postponed their visit to China, which

significantly affects the tourism industry in China (Aljazeera, 2020).

On the basis of the research findings, it is seen that the china’s tourism

industry is deeply impacted by the COVID-19. The inappropriate incidences took

place in china whose impact is seen in the form of COVID-19. The positive effect
 14

is seen to be establishing an impact on the online travelling agencies, hotels,

bars, restaurants and other travelling agencies.

The Corona virus as also enabled the tourism industry to face the huge

threat as well as the economic slowdown is seen [18]. Due to this reason it is

seen to be establishing an impact on the tourism industry. Though the

measurements were undertaken, but they are seen to be not fruitful for

prohibiting the spreading of corona virus. The tourism sector has come to a

standstill position as it is seen in this context (Briefing 2020).

Due to this reason, the tourism industry is facing a tough time which is

affecting the countries. The country’s image is seen to be more important than

earning money. Thus, it is seen that the tour operators’ association are stopping

their activities for prohibiting the spreading of corona virus. The impact is also

seen on the sales as well as the current achievements. Different foreigners are

still in the stuck down position as of COVID-19. Due to this reason, the group of

hotels and the other tourism activities are not gaining the opportunity to fully stop

the services. Due to this reason, there lies a chance of spreading of virus more

and more across the world.

From the above related literature and studies on the present problems

tourism industry due to Corona Virus (COVID-19), this study is timely and

relevant.
 15

THE PROBLEM

Statement of the Problem

This study generally aimed to investigate the present problems of the

tourism industry in Municipality of Daanbantayan due to COVID-19 pandemic as

perceived by the employees of hotels and resorts and their coping mechanisms

to survive amidst this pandemic

Specifically, this sought to answer the following questions:

1) What are the present problems of tourism industry in Municipality of

Daanbantayan due to COVID-19 pandemic as perceived by the employees?

2) What are the possible coping mechanisms to survive amidst this

pandemic as perceived by the respondents?

3) Based on the findings of the study, what possible recommendations can

be proposed?

Scope and Limitations of the study

The study was limited to investigate the present problems the present

problems of the tourism industry in Municipality of Daanbantayan due to COVID-

 16

19 pandemic as perceived by the employees from chosen local hotels and

resorts and their coping mechanisms to survive amidst this pandemic

Present problems facing the development of the tourism industry due to

COVID-19 and the coping mechanisms to survive amidst this pandemic were the

variables of the study.

Only 30 employees were conveniently selected by the researchers. They

were given a survey questionnaire to determine their responses. The gathered

data were collected, tabulated, interpreted, and analyzed for conclusion, and

recommendations.

Significance of the Study

The results of the study are beneficial to the following:

Cebu Technological University – Hospitality & Management

Department, Daanbantayan Campus. The study would give another insight on

the effects of COVID-19 to the employees of Hospital Industry. In this sense, the

department can enlighten the students on the field of tourism.

Tourism Industries. They would be able to strengthen their coping

mechanisms to survive and avoid bankruptcy. They would plan to help their

employees to survive amidst this health emergency.

Employees. They would be able to adopt themselves in the new normal

and enable them to cope with the effects of this pandemic to their work.
 17

Researchers. They would be able to understand the nature of the Corona

virus, its effects on the employees of Hospital Industry and the coping

mechanisms to survive amidst this pandemic.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

This part discussed the research design, flow of the study, environment,

respondents, instrument, data gathering procedure, and statistical treatment of

data.

Research Design

This research has been conducted based on descriptive design.

Descriptive research design has been followed to provide information concerning

the current status of the tourism industry and to describe "what problems and

prospects exists" with reference to contemporary dimensions and quantity for

ensuring successful tourism industry in Municipality of Daanbantayan.

Flow of the Study

Figure 2 shows the flow of the study. This study encompassed the

following inputs to be studied: the present problems facing the development of

 18

the tourism industry of Municipality of Daanbantayan due to COVID-19 and

possible coping mechanisms to survive amidst this pandemic. To measure the

perceptions of the chosen respondents on stated inputs, a self-made

questionnaire was formulated. Then, the data were retrieved, collated,

tabulated, presented, analyzed, treated, and interpreted. The findings of the

study will be the bases for possible recommendations of the study.

FLOW OF THE STUDY

INPUT PROCESS

1. Asking permission
1. present problems of 2. Orienting residents and
tourism industry in respondents
Municipality of 3. Distributing the research
Daanbantayan due to questionnaires
COVID-19 pandemic2. 4. Collecting
2. Possible coping 5. Tabulating
mechanisms to 6. Analyzing
survive amidst this 7. Interpretation
pandemic as 8. Conclusion
perceived by the
respondents
 19

OUTPUT
Recommendations

Figure 2. Flow of the Study

Respondents

In this research undertaking, there were 30 chosen respondents. They

were conveniently chosen by the researchers. The respondents were the

employees among hotels and beach resorts in the Municipality of

Daanbantayan. They were chosen as respondents because they have been

experiencing the actual problems of the tourism sector.

Table 1

Distribution of Respondents

N = 30

Respondents Frequency Percentage

Employees 30 100%

Environment

This study was conducted at the Municipality of Daanbantayan. This

idyllic island off the north coast of Cebu is famous for its world-class diving,
 20

above all the chance to dive with thresher sharks, which are present year-round.

The location map can be seen in figure 3.

Figure 3: The Map of Cebu showing the Location of the Research Locale
 21

Data Gathering Procedures

In the commencement of the gathering of data, the researchers asked the

permission from the dean of the College of Hospitality Management to conduct

the study through transmittal letters as well as the approval of the respondents

living in the Municipality of Daanbantayan to advance conducting the study. The

researchers then proceeded with the gathering of data. The researchers

conducted the study in the Municipality of Daanbantayan.

Before the questionnaires were given to the respondents of the study,

they were informed about the title and purpose of this study. After the

researchers had given the instructions, the respondents were given at least 10 -

15 minutes to answer the an online survey questionnaire. All instruments

gathered were given to the leader to keep utmost confidentiality of the

respondents.

In tabulating the data, the researchers provided the accurate, precise, and

detailed interpretations of the collected numerical data and are supported with

the identified theories and concepts from previously conducted research studies.

In such a way that the researchers may be able to justify the data and be able to

provide the statistical information of the tourism industry sufficiently and

appropriately in Municipality of Daanbantayan.

Statistical Treatment of Data

This research study utilized this statistical measure to facilitate the

verification of the above-mentioned inquiries:

 22

Weighted Mean. This was used in determining the perceived present

problems affecting the tourism industry due to COVID-19 pandemic and coping

mechanism to survive amidst this pandemic as perceived by the selected

residents and business owners.

The formula in getting the weighted mean is as follows:

Σ fw
WM=
N

where,
WM = weighted mean
f= frequency of the responses
w= weight in the rating scale
N = number of respondents

Scoring Procedure

Table 2

Scoring System on Descriptive Mean of the Level of Agreement to the Perceived

Present Problems affecting the tourism industry due to COVID-19 and coping

mechanism to survive amidst this pandemic using 4-Likert Scale

Weight Category/Scale Verbal Description

4 3.26 - 4.00 Strongly Agree
3 2.51 - 3.25 Agree
2 1.76 - 2.50 Disagree
1 1.00 - 1.75 Strongly Disagree

DEFINITION OF TERMS
 23

To further understand the study, the following terms were operationally defined:

Coping mechanisms. These refer to the strategies of the local tourism

industry to survive their business ventures.

COVID-19. This has been a threatening and contagious virus that

originated from Wuhan, China. There have been negative effects of this virus

such as economic downfall. One of these breakdowns is the tourism industry

due to long quarantine.

Employees. They are the workers of hotel industries and have been

affected by COVID-19 that lost their income.

Negative effects. These refer to the undesirable results of the COVID-19

to the employees of hospitality industries.

Pandemic. It is referred as global epidemic. COVID-19 is considered a

pandemic disease because it spreads to more than one continent.

Perception. It is the process of understanding the situation brought by

COVID-19. Respondents’ perceptions enable them to agree or disagree the

given items.

Survive. This refers to the ability of the employees of hospitality

industries.to continue to exist despite the pandemic.

 24

Development. This refers to the growth on the local tourism industry of

Municipality of Daanbantayan.

Problems. These are present challenges facing the development of the

local tourism industry of Municipality of Daanbantayan.

Tourism. The commercial organization and operation of holidays and

visits to places of interest.

Chapter 2
 25

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

This chapter presents the results of the gathered data from the 30

employees and business owners on their perceived present problems facing the

development of the tourism industry of Municipality of Daanbantayan due to

COVID-19 and possible coping mechanisms to survive amidst this pandemic.

The data gathered were tallied and presented in tabulated and textual

form, analyzed, and interpreted in the light of the problems posed in this study.

Table 3

Descriptive Mean of the Perceived Present Problems of COVID-19 to

the Tourism Industries in the Municipality of Daanbantayan

N = 30

Present Strongly Agree Disagree Strongly Weighted Verbal

Problems Agree Disagree Mean Description
(4) (3) (2) (1)
1. Down 20 10 3.67 Strongly
and Agree
frustrated
2. Unemployment 20 5 5 3.33 Strongly
Agree
3. Less 25 5 3.83 Strongly
income Agree

According to the results above, the respondents strongly agreed that the

pandemic has had a negative effect on their income, as evidenced by the mean

score of 3.83. Similarly, they substantially agreed on the following current issues:

down and frustrated and unemployment, as evidenced by mean ratings of 3.67

and 3.33, respectively.

 26

Employees have faced issues as a result of COVID-19. They were fired

because they were dissatisfied. Some people were terminated, which made it

difficult for them to live.

Table 4

Descriptive Mean of the Perceived Coping Mechanisms of Tourism

Industries in Daanbantayan amidst COVID-19 pandemic

N = 30

COPING Strongl Agre Disagre Strongly Weighte Verbal

MECHANISMS y e e Disagre d Descriptio
Agree e Mean n
(4) (3) (2) (1)
1. To have a 15 10 5 3.33 Strongly
very Agree
comprehensi
ve future
action plan to
overcome
this
pandemic
2. Be 24 6 3.80 Strongly
responsible Agree
enough to
find ways to
have extra
income.

As seen in the table above, they believe and firmly agree that in order to

cope with the epidemic, they must be responsible enough to discover ways to

generate additional revenue, as demonstrated by the mean score of 3.80. As

one coping method, a detailed action plan to combat the pandemic was next. As

evidenced by the 3.33 mean score, they firmly agreed.

Employees might use a variety of coping methods to help them survive

the pandemic.
 27

Chapter 3
 28

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION, AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary of findings, conclusion, and

recommendations which were analyzed and interpreted in the previous chapter

after which this summary formed the basis in inferring conclusions, deriving

implications and offering recommendations. The recommendations are offered

and the implications inferred with the objectives of determining the perceptions of

employees of the present problems affecting the tourism industries of the

Municipality of Daanbantayan due to COVID-19 and the coping mechanisms to

survive amidst this pandemic.

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS

Anchored on the results of this study, the findings are summarized as

follows.

1. Present Problems. They have less income, down and frustrated and

unemployed.

2. Coping Mechanisms. To survive, they have to be responsible

enough to find ways to have extra income and future action plan.

CONCLUSION

Anchored on the preceding findings of the study, the conclusion is drawn:

The COVID-19 has brought negative effects or present problems to the

employees of tourism industries. They have lost their jobs making them
 29

unemployed. Sense of responsibility in looking for extra income is one coping

mechanism to survive.

RECOMMENDATIONS

The following recommendations are hereby presented based on the

findings and conclusion of the study:

1. that the given negative effects or present problems be added in order

to further understand the situation brought by the pandemic;

2. that the government under the tourism sector be able to aid the

affected employees due to COVID-19; and

3. that the future researchers be able to improve the study to add other

important variables.
 30

REFERENCES
 31

REFERENCES

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Cox’s bazar Tourist Spots. International Journal of Science and Business, 2(4),
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Euromonitor. (2006). Travel and Tourism: Philippines. London, Euromonitor

International.

Ghosh, B. (2001). Tourism and Travel Management, New Delhi: Vikas

Publishing House Pvt. Ltd.

Jennings, G. (2001) Tourism Research, Queensland: John Wiley & Sons

Australia Ltd. Retrieved from http://www.ukessays.com/essays/tourism/the-
problems-and-prospec
ts-of-tourism-in-tourism-essay.php#ixzz3nFiPFnob

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Philippines: Essential Features In Selected Destinations and Its Complementing
Visitor Attractions. International Conference on Trade, Tourism and
Management. Bangkok: Thailand. Retreieved from
https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/7b15/9a1dcbe69ff246ebc3
19bcf8f77ab4f3cacb.pdf

Shawon, S. S. (2013). Exploring the Issues & Challenges in Tourism

Business: A Study Based on Sylhet. Dept. of Business Administration, Shahjalal
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Widera, Barbara. (2019). COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY FOR

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACTION FOR
MALAPASCUA. 153-161. 10.32008/GEOLINKS2019/B2/V1/15.
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ACTION_FOR_MALAPASCUA
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Zulfikar, M. (1998). Tourism and Hotel Industry, New Delhi: Vikas Publishing
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and_DEVELOPMENT
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APPENDICES
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Appendix A

Questionnaire

Instructions: Answer it with all honesty.

Part A. Problems in Tourism Industry in Daanbantayan due to COVID-19

Note: Please rate the degree to which you agree or disagree with each of the following
statements.

Strongly Neutral or Strongly

Suggested Problems Agree Agree Uncertain Disagree Disagree
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
1) Down and frustrated

2) Unemployment

3) Less income

PART B. Possible Coping Mechanisms to Survive amidst the pandemic

Note: Please rate the degree to which you agree or disagree with each of the following
possible coping mechanisms in improving the tourism industry at Municipality of
Daanbantayan, Daanbantayan, Cebu.

Strongly Neutral or Strongly

Coping Mechanisms Agree Agree Uncertain Disagree Disagree
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
1) To have a very comprehensive
future action plan to overcome
this pandemic
2) Be responsible enough to find
ways to have extra income.

Thank you for your time and participation in this research project!!! :)
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