SRM INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

18MEE305T - FINITE ELEMENT

METHOD

UNIT : I
SESSION : 4
PREPARED BY : K.RAVIKUMAR
 CONTENTS

• Introduction
• Weighted Residual Method
• Example Problem
 INTRODUCTION
Weighted residual approaches
•It is a powerful approximate method
applicable to many problems.
•This type approach is mainly suitable for
non-structural problems, where the
differential equation of the phenomenon was
formulated without any difficulty.
•This method is very useful for differential
equation based problems.
 INTRODUCTION
• The important types of weighted residual
methods are as follows.
• A. point collocation method
• B. sub-domain collocation method
• C. galerkin's method
Weighted Residual Method
 GENERAL PROCEDURE
Y – solution for differential equation.
If it is unable to find solution, we have to assume
approximate function for y.
This approximate function when substituted in
differential equation, will get residual, expressed as
follows;
R(xi ; a1, a2, a3) = 0
Where a1, a2 are unknown parameters in trial function.
 GENERAL PROCEDURE

•
 PROBLEMS
•
PROBLEM 1 CONTINUATION
• To find: f(x)
solution: assume the trial function as, y(x) = a0 + a1x +
a2x2…..(1)
applying first boundary condition, when x=0, y=0 in
equation (1)
0 = a0 + 0 + 0
a0 = 0 …. (2)
applying second boundary condition, when x=L, dy/dx
= 0 in (1)
y(x) = a0 + a1x + a2x2
dy/dx = a1 + 2a2x
0 = a1 + 2a2L
a1 = - 2a2L …. (3)
 PROBLEM 1 CONT.

•
 PROBLEM 1 CONT.
AE (2a2) + q0 = 0
AE 2a2 = -q0
a2 = -q0/2AE ….(5)
substitute (5) in (4)
y(x) = -q0/2AE [x2 – 2xL]
y(x) = q0/2AE [2xL - x2]………….
Final solution
 PROBLEM
2. The governing differential equation for fully
developed laminar flow is given by µ d2u/dx2 + ρ g
cosϴ = 0. If boundary conditions are
du/dx = 0, at x = 0 and u(L) = 0, find the velocity
distribution u(x).
Given: differential equation, µ d2u/dx2 + ρ g cosϴ = 0
boundary conditions, i) at x=0, du/dx =0
ii) at x=L, u(L) = 0
To find: velocity distribution, u(x)
 PROBLEM 2 CONT.
Solution: assume trial function,
u(x) = a0 + a1x + a2x2 …. (1)
du/dx = a1 +2 a2x
applying first boundary condition;
at x=0, du/dx = 0
du/dx = a1 +2 a2x
0 = a1 + 0
a1 = 0 ……. (2)
 PROBLEM 2 CONT.
applying second boundary condition:
at x = L, u(x) = 0
but u(x) = a0 + a1x + a2x2
0 = a 0 + a 1L + a 2L 2
substitute a1 = 0, then
0 = a 0 + a 2L 2
a0 = -a2L2 …… (3)
 PROBLEM 2 CONT.
substitute (2) and (3) in (1)
u(x) = -a2L2 + 0 + a2x2
= a 2 [x2 – L2]
u(x) = a2 [x2 – L2] …….
(4)
du/dx = a2 [2x]
d2u/dx2 = 2a2
wkt, residual, R = µ d2u/dx2 + ρ g cosϴ = 0
 PROBLEM 2 CONT.
µ (2a2) + ρ g cosϴ = 0
µ 2a2 = - ρ g cosϴ
a2 = - ρ g cosϴ /2μ ……..(5)
substitute (5) in (4)
u(x) = - ρ g cosϴ /2μ [x2 – L2]
velocity distribution,
(x) = ρ g cosϴ /2μ [L2 – x2]……final solution
 REFERENCES
• Hutton, D.V., “Fundamentals of Finite Element Analysis”, McGraw Hill,
International Edition, 2004.
• Chandrupatla, T.R., Belegundu, A.D., “Introduction to Finite Elements in
Engineering”, Prentice Hall of India, 1997.
• P.Seshu, “Text book of Finite Element Analysis”, PHI learning Private
Ltd., 2012.
• S,S,Rao, “The Finite Element method in Engineering”, Elsevier Science
&Technology Books, 2004
• Cook R.D., Malkus, D.S., Plesha, M.E., Witt, R.J., “Concepts and
Applications of Finite Element Analysis”, 4th Edition, John Wiley & Sons,
2001.
• J.N Reddy, An introduction to the Finite Element Method, 2005, Mcgraw
Hill
• Jacob Fish & Ted Belytschko, “A first course in Finite Elements” , 2007,
Wiley
Course Committee Members
Course faculty /
S.No Members campus
Coordinator
1 Mr.S.Balamurugan Course Coordinator Kattankulathur
2 Dr.Sandipan Roy Course faculty Kattankulathur
3 Dr. Srihari Dodla Course faculty Kattankulathur
4 Mr.D.Raja Course faculty Kattankulathur
5 Dr.P.V.Jeyakarthikeyan Course faculty Kattankulathur
6 Mr.J.Daniel Glad Stephen Course faculty Kattankulathur
7 Mr.K.Jegadeesan Course faculty Kattankulathur
8 Mr.P.Susai Manickam Course faculty Kattankulathur
9 Mr.M.Sachidhanandam Course faculty Kattankulathur
Mr. Esakkiyappan alias
10 Course Coordinator Ramapuram
Gurusamy S
11 D.K.Mohan Kumar . Course faculty Ramapuram
12 Mr. Arunraj Course faculty Ramapuram
13 Mr.Ravikumar Course Coordinator Vadapalani
14 Mr. Arunnath Course faculty Vadapalani
Thank you