Republic of the Philippines

PHILIPPINE STATE COLLEGE OF AERONAUTICS

Piccio Garden, Villamor, Pasay City

AE 212
BASIC ELECTRONICS MODULE

I. Module 1: Introduction to Electrical and Electronics

II. Learning Outcomes:

Course Learning Outcomes [CLO]

Module Learning Outcomes [MLO]

CLO 1. Identify the basic principle of
electronics;
Topic Learning Outcomes [TLO]
CLO 2. Explain the concepts involving the MLO 1. Classify what are electrically and
fundamentals laws and theories of electronically operated circuits. TLO1. Distinguish the difference between
electronics; Electrical and Electronics
MLO 2. Explain how electron are being TLO2. Discuss how electrons behave in
CLO 3. Demonstrate mastery of manipulated in electronics compared to electronics and electrical circuits
identifying electronic components using its electrical.
schematic symbols;

III. Table of Contents

Time Allotment
Title Page
(mins)
1 25
Introduction
Comparison Chart 2 15
Definition of Electrical Devices 3 20
Definition of Electronic Device 4 20
Key Differences Between Electrical and Electronics 15
5
Devices
References 6
Activities 6 60

IV. Core Content

Introduction
The major difference between the electrical and electronic devices is that the
electrical devices convert the electrical energy into the other form of energy like
heat, light, sound, etc. whereas the electronic device controls the flow of
electrons for performing the particular task. The other differences between the
electrical and electrical devices are illustrated below in the comparison chart.

1
The electrical and electrons both are interrelated with each other. The electrical is
the flow of electrons, and the electronics is the technique of controlling the flow
of electrons for doing the particular work. The working principle of both of them
are same, i.e., uses the electrical energy for doing work.

In the engineering and technical communities, the terms electrical and electronic
are often conflated due to the poor understanding of the subtle yet significant
distinctions between them. Understanding the difference is important not only
because the two terms have differing meanings, but because of the tendency to
abstract or abbreviate very particular language during technical conversation. A
misunderstanding or miscommunication to an engineer could mean the
difference between building an electrical toaster or an electronic toaster.

In 1893, Alan MacMaster invented the first electric toaster in Edinburgh, Scotland.
The heating elements in a toaster turn electrical energy into heat so you can burn
your toast. Herein lies the distinction between electric and electronic devices—
the manipulation of energy in technology.

Electrical devices take the energy of electrical current, the flow of electrons in a
conductor, and transform it in simple ways into some other form of energy—most
likely light, heat, or motion. An electric device is one that directly uses electrical
energy to perform a task.

In contrast, electronic devices do much more. Instead of just converting electrical

energy into light, heat, or motion, electronic devices are designed to manipulate
the electrical current in ways that adds meaningful information to the current.

For example, an electronic toaster uses the same heating elements, springs, and
bread racks as an electric toaster, but may include a variety of more complex
components such as an electronic display panel that shows you the progress of
your toasting, or an electronic thermostat that attempts to keep the heat at just
the right temperature. Electronics refers to technology that works by controlling
the motion of electrons in ways that go beyond electrodynamic properties like
voltage and current.

Typically, if something uses electricity merely as energy, it is electrical. If it uses

electricity as the medium for manipulating information, it is almost surely
electronic. Electrical and Electronic devices are comprised of different but
overlapping categories but, in short, all electronic devices are also electrical
devices, it is a subset.

Comparison Chart
Basis For Comparison Electrical Device Electronics Device
Definition It is defined as the device The device which
which uses the electrical controls the flow of
energy for performing electrons for performing

2
 the work. the particular task is
known as the electronics
devices.
Material Used Metals like copper and Semiconductor material
aluminum are used for like silicon, germanium
the conduction of etc.
current.
Operating Principle Convert the electrical Uses the electrical
energy into other forms energy for performing
of energy. the particular task.
Current Alternating Current Direct Current
Voltage Works on high voltage. Works on low voltage
Power consumption More Less
Manipulation Do not manipulate the It manipulates the data.
data
Response Time Fast Slow
Required Space More Less
Safe Less More
Uses For doing mechanical For amplifying the weak
work. signal or for coding and
decoding the
information.
Examples Transformer, motor, Transistor, diode,
generator etc. microprocessor, flip-flop,
amplifier, etc.

Definition of Electrical Devices

The devices which convert the current into other forms of energy or work such
type of devices is known as the electrical devices. It uses the metal for
conduction. The electrical devices mainly work on the high alternating current.
The power consumption of the electrical devices is also very high.

The electrical devices are more dangerous and less reliable because it causes the
hazardous electrical shock. The size of the electrical devices is very large, and
hence it requires more space.

Example – The fan is the electrical devices which convert the electrical current in
the form of rotational motions. The electric bulb, lamp, tube light, converts the
current into light. The heater converts the current into heat, etc.

The answer lies in how devices manipulate electricity to do their work. Electrical
devices take the energy of electric current and transform it in simple ways into
some other form of energy — most likely light, heat, or motion. The heating
elements in a toaster turn electrical energy into heat so you can burn your toast.

3
And the motor in your vacuum cleaner turns electrical energy into motion that
drives a pump that sucks the burnt toast crumbs out of your carpet.

Definition of Electronic Device

The devices which control the flow of electrons for performing the particular task
such type of devices is known as the electronic devices. The word electronics
means the study of the behaviour of electrons under the effect of electric field.
The electronic components are mainly classified into two types; they are the
active component and the passive component.

The component which delivers energy is known as the active component, and the
devices which receive energy is known as the passive component. The electronics
have three main active components and the two main passive components. The
resistor, capacitor and inductor are the names of the active components while the
tube devices and the semiconductor are the passive components of the
electronics devices.

The resistor opposes the flow of current and the capacitor store the electrical
energy. The inductor produces the inductances. The tubes devices and the
semiconductor are the platforms used for the movements of electrons. When the
electric field applied across the tube and semiconductor, the electrons are
energized and start accelerating.

For example – The transistor is an electronic device used for amplifying the weak
signal. The photodiode converts the light energy into electrical energy etc.

In contrast, electronic devices do much more. Instead of just converting electrical

energy into heat, light, or motion, electronic devices are designed to manipulate
the electrical current itself to coax it into doing interesting and useful things.

That very first electronic device invented in 1883 by Thomas Edison manipulated
the electric current passing through a light bulb in a way that let Edison create a
device that could monitor the voltage being provided to an electrical circuit and
automatically increase or decrease the voltage if it became too low or too high.

One of the most common things that electronic devices do is manipulate electric
current in a way that adds meaningful information to the current. For example,
audio electronic devices add sound information to an electric current so that you
can listen to music or talk on a cellphone. And video devices add images to an
electric current so you can watch great movies until you know every line by heart.

4
 Key Differences Between Electrical and Electronics Devices

The following are the key differences between the electrical and electronic
devices.

1. The electrical device changes the current into another form of energy like heat,
light, etc. whereas the electronic device controls the movement of electrons for
performing the operation.
2. The electrical devices use copper and aluminium wires for the flow of electrical
current whereas the electronics devices use the semiconductor material.
3. The electrical devices mainly work on the alternating current whereas the
electronics device works on the direct current.
4. The electrical devices work on high voltages whereas the electronics devices
work on low voltages.
5. The power consumption of the electrical devices is more as compared to the
electronics devices.
6. The conductivity of the electrical devices is high whereas it is low for electronics
devices.
7. The electrical devices do not manipulate the data whereas the electronic devices
manipulate the data.
8. The electrical device directly works on the current due to which it gives the quick
response.The electrons are the only moving charge of the electronic device and
hence their response time is less.
9. The electrical device is heavy and larger in size and hence requires more space
whereas the electronics components are very smaller and placed on the single
chip or we can say it requires very less space.
10. The electrical device is more dangerous as compared to the electronic device
because in electric devices heavy short circuit occurs because of the fault which
is very dangerous for life.
11. The fan, transformer, motor, generators are the examples of the electrical
device whereas the transistor, thyristor, microcontroller are the examples of the
electronics device.

Similarities

The electrical and electronic devices both depend on the flow of electrons for
performing the operation. Both the devices use the transformer for transmitting
the voltages. The electrical devices use both instrumental, and power transformer
and the electronic devices only use the instrumental transformer.

5
Reference:
Difference between Electrical and Electronic Devices, Retrieved from:
https://circuitglobe.com/difference-between-electrical-and-electronic-
devices.html

V. Enrichment/ In-text activities

Answer the following questions. Turn in your answers in google

classroom in PDF or Document format.

1. What is the main difference of electrical and electronic devices?

Discuss their unique features.
2. Look for 5 electrical and 5 electronic devices in your household.
Identify their functions and take a photo of it.
Rubrics
Criteria Inadequate Adequate Above Exemplary Score
65%-74% 75%-84% Average 93%-100%
85%-92%
Organization Writing lacks Writing is Writing is Writing shows
logical coherent and coherent and high degree of
organization. Itlogically logically attention to
shows some organized. organized with logic and
coherence but Some transitions reasoning of
ideas lack unity.
points remain used between points. Unity
Serious errors. misplaced and ideas and clearly leads
stray from the paragraphs to the reader to
topic. create the conclusion
Transitions coherence. and stirs
evident but Overall unity thought
not of ideas is regarding the
used present. topic.
throughout
essay.
Level of Shows some Content Content Content
Content thinking and indicates indicates indicates
reasoning but thinking and original synthesis of
most ideas are reasoning thinking and ideas, indepth
underdeveloped applied with develops ideas analysis and
and unoriginal. original with sufficient evidences
thought on a and firm original
few ideas. evidence. thought and
support for
the topic.
Development Main points lack Main points Main points Main points
detailed are present well well
development. with limited developed developed
Ideas are vague detail and with quality with high
with little development. supporting quality and
evidence of Some critical details and quantity
critical thinking. thinking is quantity. support.
present. Critical Reveals high
thinking is degree of
weaved into critical
points thinking.

6
Format Fails to follow Meets format Meets format Meets all
format and and and formal and
assignment assignment assignment assignment
requirements; requirements; requirements; requirements
incorrect generally margins, and evidences
margins, correct spacing, and attention to
spacing and margins, indentations detail; all
indentation; spacing, and are correct; margins,
neatness of indentations; essay is neat spacing and
essay needs essay is neat and correctly indentations
attention. but may have assembled. are correct;
some essay is neat
assembly and correctly
errors. assembled
with
professional
look.
Grade:

Honesty Clause
This honesty clause establishes a fundamental social contract within which
the College community agrees to live. This contract relies on the conviction
that the personal and academic integrity of each individual member
strengthens and improves the quality of life for the entire community. It
recognizes the importance of honesty, trust, fairness, respect, and
responsibility and wishes these principles to be a defining part of Philippine
State College of Aeronautics
The Institute of Engineering and Technology values and fosters an
environment of academic and personal integrity, supporting the ethical
standards of the engineering profession, where we design and build for the
benefit and safety of society and our environment.
I agree that the submission of any academic work shall constitute a
representation on my part both that such work has been done, and its
submission is being made, in compliance with honesty and integrity.
Furthermore, my responsibility includes taking action when I have
witnessed or am aware of another’s act of academic dishonesty.

Students Name and Signature