Power Electronics

College of BVC institute of Science and Technology

 Introduction
Outline
 What is power electronics?
 The history
 Applications
 About this course
I. What is power electronics?

1) Definition
Power Electronics: is the electronics applied to conversion and
control of electric power.
Range of power scale :
milliwatts(mW) megawatts(MW) gigawatts(GW)
A more exact explanation:
The primary task of power electronics is to process and control the
flow of electric energy by supplying voltages and currents in a
form that is optimally suited for user loads.
 Conversion of electric power
Other names for electric
power converter:
-Power converter
-Converter Electric
Power Power
-Switching converter Power
input output
Converter
-Power electronic circuit
-Power electronic converter Control
input
 Power electronic system
Generic structure of a power electronic system

Power Power Power

input Converter output

Control input
Feedforward Feedback
( measurements Controller (measurements
of input signals ) of output signals )
Reference

Control is invariably required.Power converter along with its controller

including the corresponding measurement and interface circuits, is
also called power electronic system.

A typical power electronic system
Power input Power output
Source Power Load
Vi ii io Vo
Converter
Electric Motor
Electric utility
light
battery Measurements
heating
other electric energy source Controller other electric equipment
power converter
Reference power converter

The task of power electronics has been recently extended to

also ensuring the currents and power consumed by power
converters and loads to meet the requirement of electric
energy sources.
 2) Relation with information electronics

A Classification of electronics by processing object

Information electronics: to process information
Electronics
Power electronics: to process electric power

Other classifications of electronics

Vacuum electronics: using vacuum devices,

Electronics e.g, vacuum tubes devices
Solid (Solid state) electronics: using solid state devices,
e.g, semiconductor devices
Physical electronics: physics,material,fabrication,
Electronics and manufacturing of electronic devices
Applied electronics: application of electronic
devices to various areas
3) The interdisciplinary nature
William E. Newell’s description
Electronics Power
Devices,circuits Static & rotating
学
power equipment
Power
Electronics

学
Continuous,
discrete

连Control
续、离

Power electronics is the interface between electronics and

power.
 Relation with multiple disciplines

Systems& Signal
Circuit Ct Control theory processing
theory
Control Simulation &
computing
Electric theory Power
machines electronics electronics

electr oni
Power Solid state
systems cs physics
Electromagnetics
electr
Power electronics is currently the most active discipline in electric power
engineering.
 4) Position and significance in the human society

Electric power is used in almost every part and everywhere of modern

human society.
Electric power is the major form of energy source used in modern
human society.
The objective of power electronics is right on how to use electric power,
and how to use it effectively and efficiently, and how to improve the
quality and utilization of electric power.
Power electronics and information electronics make two poles of
modern technology and human society: information electronics is the
brain, and power electronics is the muscle.
III. Applications
 Industrial applications
Motor drives
Electrolysis
Electroplating
Induction heating
Welding
Arc furnaces and ovens
Lighting
 Transportation applications
Trains & locomotives
Subways
Trolley buses
Magnetic levitation
Electric vehicles
Automotive electronics
Ship power systems
Aircraft power systems
 Utility stems applications
High- voltage dc transmission(HVDC)
Flexible ac transmission(FACTS)
Static var compensation & harmonics
suppression: TCR, TSC, SVG, APF
Custom power & power quality control
Supplemental energy sources :
wind, photovoltaic, fuel cells
Energy storage systems
Telecommunication Applications

 Battery charges
 Power supplies
 SMPS
 UPS
 Cell phone charges
 Power supplies for electronic equipment
Computers
Office equipment
Electronic instruments
Portable or mobile
electronics
 Residential and home appliances
Lighting
Heating
Air conditioning
Refrigeration & freezers
Cooking
Cleaning
Entertaining
 Applications in space technology
Spaceship power systems
Satellite power systems
Space vehicle power systems
 Other applications
Nuclear reactor control
Power systems for particle accelerators
Environmental engineering
TYPES OF LED’S
 APPLICATIONS OF LED’S
PHOTOGRAPHY WITH LED’S
 Because LEDs are cheap.
Having a ton of LEDs allows you
to position a huge amount of
light sources on any miniature
detail oriented given setup that
the setup is small enough.
LED’S WIYH SHOES
 Since LEDs are so small
and so focused you can
have full control on
where you want light
and where you want
dark. In the image to
the left (click for more
info) I used a restricted
LED light to throw light
on the edges and white
portions of the shoe.
LED’S ARE EASY TO DESIGN
THE 1$ RING LIGHT
 Trends
It is estimated that in developed countries now 60% of the electric
energy goes through some kind of power electronics converters before
it is finally used.
Power electronics has been making major contributions to:
--better performance of power supplies and better control of electric
equipment
--energy saving
--environment protection
reduction of energy consumption leads to less pollution
reduction of pollution produced by power converters
direct applications to environment protection technology
IV. A simple example
A simple dc-dc converter example
I
10A
+
Vg
+
Dc-dc R V
100V - converter 5Ω 50V
-

Input source:100V
Output load:50V, 10A, 500W
How can this converter be realized?
 Major issues in power electronics
How to meet the requirement of the load or gain better control of the load
How to improve the efficiency
-- for reliable operation of power semiconductor devices
-- for energy saving
How to realize power conversion with less volume, less weight, and less
cost.
How to reduce negative influence to other equipment in the electric power
system and to the electromagnetic environment.
Thank you
 For giving this opportunity
.

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