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7-8 Curs AIDS Grup 2020
7-8 Curs AIDS Grup 2020
1
HIV: Familia RETROVIRIDAE
ONCOVIRINAE: HTLV I , II
LENTIVIRINAE: HIV
SPUMAVIRINAE
GENOMUL HIV
env Gp160-precursor
pol P66-Rt
pol P55-Rt
env Gp41-transmembranara
pol P32-proteaza
pol p10/11-integraza
3
REPLICARE HIV CELULE TINTA-CD4+ Limfocite Th
ECLIPSA Monocite/macrofage
Celule dendritice-CD
4
FACTORI GENETICI CARE INFLUENTEAZA PROGRESIA
CCR5 32
10% din populatia < 1% din populatia
caucaziana caucaziana
Liu R, et al. Cell. 1996;86:367-367. Samson M, et al. Nature. 1996;382:722-725. Dean M, et al. Science. 1996;273:1856-1862. Huang Y, et
al. Nat Med.1996;2:1240-1243. Michael NL, et al. Nat Med. 1997;3:1160-1162. Eugen-Olsen J, et al. AIDS. 1997;11:305-310.
ECLIPSA
gp120
gp41
6
RETROVIRIDAE- ARNss +/ Reverstranscriptaza
Genom ARNss+
revertranscriere Reverstranscriptaza
NUCLEU
Vpr- import nuclear al ADN proviral –
necesar replicarii in celule in stare de
repaus
INTEGRAZA
LTR
CITOPLASMA
8
RELICAREA
FACTORI
HIV/CELULARI
FACTORI CELULARI
SI VIRALI INFLUENTEAZA
SI VIRALI INFLUENTEAZA
REPLICAREA
REPLICAREA
NUCLEU
Vpr- import nuclear al ADN proviral –
necesar replicarii in celule in stare de
repaus
INTEGRAZA
LTR
Genom ARNss+
revertranscriere Reverstranscriptaza
ADN proviral
integraza
Argumente SIV-HIV:
Parenteral
Percutan/permucos Sexual
Materno-fetal
Sange
Sperma
18,000 Fluide
11,000
Vaginale Fluid
7,000 Amniotic
4,000 Saliva
1
ARC – AIDS/SIDA
INCARCARE VIRALA (VIRAL LOAD)-
nr copii ARN HIV /ml plasma
FEREASTRA SEROLOGICA
SIGURANTA TRANSFUZIILOR.
2. INFECTIA ASIMPTOMATICA- Raspuns imun puternic
CD4
VL
Raspuns citotoxic eficient
•Productia de novo de limfocite CD4+ compenseaza liza produsa direct de virus si LT CD8+
Eficienta rãspunsului imun influenteazã nivelul încãrcãrii virale - “set-point” -
Virusul persista in rezervoare celulare
concentratie plasmaticã a virusului
Walker BD, Goulder PJ. AIDS. Escape from the immune system. Nature. 2000;407:313-4.
3. ARC-AIDS Related Complex
Replicare viralã masivã în tesutul limfoid-variabilitate virala
Populatie inalt heterogena
In stadiile tardive ale infectiei, tulpini HIV :
• Limfotrope CXCR4
• Sincitizante
• Rata ridicata a RT
In stadiile initiale ale infectiei tulpini HIV:
• Macrofagotrope CCR5
• Nonsincitizante
• Rata scazuta a RT
3. ARC-AIDS Related Complex
Translocatie Reactivare
bacteriana- virusuri latente
liganzi TLR
Productie masiva de
proteine specifice HIV
tat, nef, gp120
ARC-SIDA
CD4 >500
VIRAL LOAD
VL nedetectabil
TINTE PENTRU INHIBAREA REPLICARII HIV
Integraza 1.
Reverstranscriptaza
Proteaza
INHIBITORI AI REVERSTRANSCRIERII RA: greata, varsaturi , rash, neuropatie periferica,
acidoza lactica cu steatoza hepatica
NRTI -Nucks= Analogi nucleozidici (NRTI)-si
pancreatita
nucleotidici (ntRTI)
(NRTI-Nucleosidic ReversTranscriptase Inhibitors)
29
c
c
TINTE PENTRU INHIBAREA REPLICARII HIV
NRTI
NNRTI
2
32
TINTE PENTRU INHIBAREA REPLICARII HIV
INSTI
NRTI
NNRTI
Inhibitori de proteaza
R.a.
complicatii metabolice hiperglicemie
sau diabet, dislipidemie, lipodistrofie,
distributie anormala a tesutului
adipos
35
TINTE PENTRU INHIBAREA REPLICARII HIV
Inhibitori ai adsorbtiei
Inhibitor al internalizarii:
4. blocant gp41
inhibitor al legarii de receptorul CD4
inhibitor al coreceptorului CCR5
MARAVIROC
IBALIZUMAB
SCHIMBARI
CONFORMATIONALE ale
co-receptorilor CCR5-
tulpini macrofagotrope
PLATOU
ECLIPSA
Inhibitorii atasarii
CD4: Ibalizumab
CCR5: Maraviroc
Inhibitor al
internalizarii:
Fuzeon
Monoterapia selecteaza variante virale rezistente
2 NRTI+ 1 PI
2 NRTI+ 1 NNRTI
2 NRTI+ 1 INSTI
cART
cART recomandat pentru toate persoanele infectate HIV :
❑Reducerea riscului de progresie a infectiei
❑Prevenirea transmiterii HIV (heterosexual, MTC)
30
21%
20
11%
10 6%
1%
0
<400 400-3000 3000-40000 40000-100000 >100000
ZDV
ZDV syrup
ZDV ZDV IV: 2mg/kg q 6
100mg Load 2mg/kg
po 5x/d hr
1 mg/kg/hr x 6 wk
Target: Target: Target:
In Utero Intrapartum Postpartum
G. Hutter et al.
Long-Term Control of HIV by CCR5 Delta32/Delta32 Stem-Cell Transplantation
N Engl J Med 2009; 360:692-698; DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa0802905
Liu R, et al. Cell. 1996;86:367-367. Samson M, et al. Nature. 1996;382:722-725. Dean M, et al. Science. 1996;273:1856-1862. Huang Y, et
al. Nat Med.1996;2:1240-1243. Michael NL, et al. Nat Med. 1997;3:1160-1162. Eugen-Olsen J, et al. AIDS. 1997;11:305-310.
Hutter G et al, Long-Term Control of HIV by
CCR5 Delta32/Delta32 Stem-Cell
Transplantation, NEJM 2009; 360:692-69
Mai multe informatii:
• http//www.medscape.com/Home/Topics/ID/AIDS.html-HIV treatment.
• http://www.cdc.gov/std/program- STD, TB, HIV prevention
http://www.atdn.org/access/drugs.html- antiretroviral drugs