1. What are Moral Dilemmas? Examples of dilemmas?

Moral dilemmas occur when a decision-maker creates moral harm by analyzing

two or more moral standards or responsibilities but only being able to honor one of
them; as a result, regardless of the decision, the individual will violate at least one
major moral concern.

Examples of Dilemmas

● You have to decide who to save in a burning house.

You're with your nephew and son at your home. You're preparing dinner when
you get a call from your office, telling you that there's an emergency and you need to
get there as quickly as possible. Because you were in a rush, you forgot to turn off the
gas when you turned off the stove. You told your son and nephew that you would be out
for a while and that they should stay and wait for you to return. When you left home,
your son and nephew went to the kitchen to get some water, but your nephew noticed a
lighter and began to play with it. When they noticed a fire coming from the lighter, they
threw it next to the gas. The gas burst, causing a fire to burst out in your home. As you
drive down your neighborhood, you realize you haven't turned off the gas, so you decide
to return home as quickly as possible to prevent a fire. However, when you arrive at
your home, it is on fire, and your children are inside. When you step into your house,
you notice your son awake and able to move, but he is far away, and your nephew is
unconscious on the right side. Who do you think you'll save first? Is it your son, who is
still alive, or your nephew, who is unconscious?

● You have to decide to do the right thing or must stay silent

Your friend is drunk and has unintentionally committed a crime as a result of his
anger at that person. He tells you the whole story since you are the only one of his
colleagues in which he had full trust. He tells you to keep it a secret from anyone, but
you notice your friend struggling, unable to eat or sleep. You believe he is suffering from
a traumatic event and that his guilt is haunting him. You may have also heard that a
suspect has been captured in connection with the crime committed by your friends.
What are you going to do? Will you tell him that he needs to reveal the truth to the
police and admit his mistake in order for his conscience to clear him, or will you just
remain quiet and ignore the things that aren't your problem?

● Your friend takes a test ahead of you

You're having trouble in science, and your friend takes the test before you and
your classmates since she'll be competing in a school competition on the day of your
exam. She received a perfect grade on her paper. You are free to look at it, she says.
You already know that if you look at it, you can get high grades. What are you going to
do?  Will you accept to look at her exam paper, or will you refuse and study on your
own?