ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

PSDA- 02

QUESTION NO 1:

What has Dr. Ranga lost by giving up his hospital job and medical practice and what has
he gained instead?

SOLUTION:

After giving up his hospital job, Dr Ranga lost- unlimited money, a lavish house, and all the
other materialistic possessions, one could imagine. But instead of all these materialistic things he
achieved peace of mind and where his heart felt like home, which was music.

The money which he made through playing sitar was enough to fulfil his needs; his achievement
was his mental peace.

Materialistic things which act as a motivator for most of the people was no longer a motivator for
Dr Ranga. He wants to know himself better; he wants to be happy and he achieved his happiness
by fulfilling what he enjoys the most by pursuing it as a profession. For Dr Ranga happiness is
the main purpose of life rather than any other priced possession.

QUESTION NO 2:

How does Maslow model of motivation explain and justify his behavior?

SOLUTION:

According to Maslow model when a deficit need has been 'more or less' satisfied it will go away,
and our activities become habitually directed towards meeting the next set of needs that we are
yet to satisfy. These then become our salient needs. However, growth needs continuity to be felt
and may even become stronger once they have been engaged.

Growth needs do not stem from a lack of something, but rather from a desire to grow as a person.
Once these growth needs have been reasonably satisfied, one may be able to reach the highest
level called self-actualization.

Self-actualization needs are the highest level in Maslow's hierarchy, and refer to the realization

of a person's potential, self-fulfillment, seeking personal growth and peak experiences. Maslow
describes this level as the desire to accomplish everything that one can, to become the most that
one can be. Individuals may perceive or focus on this need very specifically

Just like that Dr Ranga wanted to convert his hobby of playing sitar as his profession. His self-
desire was to become happy and discover himself and he achieved the last level of Maslow’s
hierarchy need i.e., self-actualization.

QUESTION NO 3:

What do you think might have prompted Dr. Ranga to change his entire outlook on life?
Knowing what you know, do you think his change in behavior was a gradual process
building within him or is it possible that some sort of crisis situation suddenly affected this
change?

SOLUTION:

A desire “to become everything one is capable of becoming”

Every person is capable and has the desire to move up the hierarchy toward a level of self-
actualization. Unfortunately, progress is often disrupted by a failure to meet lower level needs.
Life experiences, including divorce and loss of a job, may cause an individual to fluctuate
between levels of the hierarchy

Therefore, not everyone will move through the hierarchy in a unidirectional manner but may
move back and forth between the different types of needs.

Maslow noted that the order of needs might be flexible based on external circumstances or
individual differences. For example, he notes that for some individuals, the need for self-esteem
is more important than the need for love. For others, the need for creative fulfillment may
supersede even the most basic needs.

To the best of my opinion, I believe Dr Ranga went through gradual changes and after surpassing
all the levels then achieved the level of self-actualization.

QUESTION NO 4:

How does McClelland's theory of needs fit in with this situation where McClelland's theory
emphasizes achievement, power and affiliation as the primary motivators in an
organizational setting?

SOLUTION:

McClelland's theory of needs fit in this situation because DR RANGA has high need of
achievement and according to McClelland's theory Achievers like to solve problems and achieve
goals. DR RANGA’S dominant motivation is achievement and according to McClelland's theory
people having this feature have following characteristics.

Dominant Motivator Characteristics of This Person

Achievement  Has a strong need to set and accomplish challenging
goals.
 Takes calculated risks to accomplish their goals.
 Likes to receive regular feedback on their progress and
achievements.
  Often likes to work alone.
 Achievers like to solve problems and achieve goals.
 Prefer to undertake activities with a 50/50 chance of
success – avoiding very low or high risk situations
 Be motivated in jobs that offer high degree of personal
responsibility, feedback, and moderate risk
 Don’t necessarily make good managers – too personal a
focus
 Most good general managers do NOT have a high nAch
 Need high level of nPow and low nAff for managerial
success

QUESTION NO 5:

Do you think that the fact that Dr. Ranga is from India where cultural values emphasize
harmony with God and that a man's life is predestined, as compared to American values of
individualized achievement and the belief that the man is the architect of his own fortune,
has something to do with his decision to change his lifestyle and behavior?

SOLUTION:

Through examining cultures in which large numbers of people live in poverty (such as India),
people are still capable of higher order needs such as love and belongingness. However, this
should not occur, as according to Maslow, people who have difficulty achieving very basic
physiological needs (such as food, shelter, etc.) are not capable of meeting higher growth needs.

Also, many creative people, such as authors and artists (e.g., Rembrandt and Van Gogh) lived in
poverty throughout their lifetime, yet it could be argued that they achieved self-actualization by
higher growth needs at the same time as lower-level deficiency needs (Wahba & Birdwell,
1973). According to this theory, I think Dr Ranga does not have to change his behavior as he had
achieved lower-level needs such as physiological needs before achieving the highest level of
need i.e., self-actualization.