Question 1:

Applying the Heisenberg Uncertainty principle, it stated that: the product of the
uncertainty in position of a particle and the uncertainty in its momentum can never be
less than one-half of the reduced Planck constant:
Δx .Δp ≥ ℏ/2.
h
Where: ℏ = 2 π and h is the Planck’s constant (h = 6.625 x 10-34 J.s)

Δx  is particle’s position; Δp is particle’s momentum.

From the content’s box, we have an uncertainty in speed Δu =1.0×10-3 m/s. First of all,
we have to calculate the uncertainty in momentum by applying this formula:
Δp = m Δu
and then plug Δp into equation to determine the uncertainty in position:
ℏ
Δx = 2 Δp

a) The minimum uncertainty in the positions of the electron:

m m
(
Δp e =m e Δu= ( 9.1× 10−31 kg ) 1.0× 10−3
s )
=9.1 ×10−34 kg ⋅
s

ℏ h
Δx e = = =0.058 m .
2 Δp e 4 π × 9.1× 10−34 kg

b) The minimum uncertainty in the positions of the bowling ball:

m m
(
Δp b=m b Δu=( 6.0 kg ) 1.0 ×10−3
s )
=6.0 × 10−3 kg ⋅
s

ℏ h
Δx b= = =8.8 × 10−33 m.
2 Δpb 4 π ×6.0 × 10 kg
−3

c) Comparing with the position uncertainty for the electron from the results above,
we observed that the position uncertainty for the bowling ball is significantly
smaller than the position of election. We know that the Planck’s constant is
extremely small, hence the limitations imposed by the uncertainty principle are
inconspicuous, not obvious in macroscopic systems like a bowling ball.