MESIN SINKRON-1

Harrij Mukti K

Lab. Mesin Listrik 2/ 2021

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 Konstruksi
Mesin Sinkron
Belitan Utama pada Mesin Sinkron :
 Belitan Jangkar/ Armature : AC
(Ra, Ia)

 Belitan Medan/ Field : DC (Eksitasi)

(Rm, Im atau Rf, If)

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a. Mesin Kutub Luar

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b. Mesin Kutub Dalam

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 Wiring Belitan Stator

Supply 3 Phase
2 Kutub 4 Kutub
Cylindrical Rotor Salient Pole
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Cylindrical rotor dengan
jumlah kutub (p) = 2 10
Salient Pole dengan p = 2
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Salient Pole dengan p = 4
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 (Ia)
Belitan Jangkar
AC
(V,f)
Motor Mekanik
Sinkron ( T, n )
DC
(Im) Belitan Medan

Mekanik (Ia)
(T,n) Generator AC
Sinkron Belitan Jangkar
( V, f )
DC
(Im)
Belitan Medan

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Motor Induksi

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Mesin Sinkron

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 Sistem Eksitasi
Fungsi Eksitasi (DC) :
1. Membangkitkan medan magnet (Kutub U-S)
yang tetap
2. Motor Sinkron : Pengaturan Power Factor
Generator Sinkron : Kestabilan Tegangan
Output

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Generator with Exciters

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MOTOR SINKRON
 Induction Motor :
• In an induction motor the rotor must have some “slip”.
• The rotor speed must be less than, or lag behind, that of
the rotating stator flux in order for current to be induced
into the rotor.
• If an induction motor rotor were to achieve synchronous
speed, no lines of force would cut through the rotor, so
no current would be induced in the rotor and no torque
would be developed.

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MOTOR INDUKSI

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MOTOR INDUKSI

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Synchronous Motors are three-phase
AC motors which run at synchronous speed,
without slip.

Synchronous motors have the following characteristics:

• A three-phase stator similar to that of an induction
motor.
• A wound rotor (rotating field) which has the same
number of poles as the stator, and is supplied by an
external source of direct current (DC).

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MOTOR SINKRON

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MOTOR SINKRON

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 Starting Motor Sinkron

 Bila motor sinkron mempunyai Belitan Sangkar

pada rotor Self Starting

 Bila motor sinkron Tidak mempunyai Belitan

Sangkar pada rotor

Starting menggunakan Motor Bantu

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Self Starting pada Synchronous motor :

• Starts as an induction motor. The synchronous motor

rotor also has a squirrel-cage winding, known as an
Amortisseur winding, which produces torque for motor
starting.

• When the motor speed reaches approximately 97% of

nameplate RPM, the DC field current is applied to the
rotor

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Starting dengan Motor Bantu pada
Synchronous motor :

• Motor Bantu digunakan untuk memutar rotor Motor

Sinkron (Memberikan putaran awal /Torsi starting pada
motor sinkron) Motor Bantu menggantikan
fungsi Belitan Sangkar

• When the motor speed reaches approximately 97% of

nameplate RPM, the DC field current is applied to the
rotor

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 Putaran pada Motor Sinkron

nr = ns

• The rotation of a synchronous motor is established

by the phase sequence of the three-phase AC
applied to the motor stator.
• As with a three-phase induction motor, synchronous
motor rotation is changed by reversing any two
stator leads. Rotor polarity has no effect on rotation.

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PENGARUH BEBAN TERHADAP POSISI ROTOR
PADA MOTOR SINKRON

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PENGARUH BEBAN TERHADAP TORSI – KECEPATAN (T – n)
PADA MOTOR SINKRON

Tmax
nr = ns

T
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Synchronous Motor Power Factor
 An important advantage of a synchronous motor is
that the motor power factor can be controlled by
adjusting the excitation of the rotating DC field.

 Unlike AC induction motors which always run at a

lagging power factor, synchronous motors can run at
unity or even at a leading power factor.

 This will improve the over-all electrical system power

factor and voltage drop and also improve the voltage
drop at the terminals of the motor
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