BangProd #4 Product Specification

FAKULTAS REKAYASA INDUSTRI
PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK - IEH3D3

by : Budhi Yogaswara – BYG 93650004
Ully Yunita Nafizah – UYZ 17920079
Lecture Note #4
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS
budhiyogas@telkomuniversity.ac.id, ullyyunita@telkomuniversity.ac.id
BYG 2018 - PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK - IEH3D3 TEL U – FAK. REKAYASA INDUSTRI
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT : FRONT END PROCESS
Mission Development
Statement Identify Establish Generate Select Plan Plan
Set Final
Customer Target Product Product Downstream
Specifications
Needs Specification Concepts Concept(s) Development
Perform Economic Analysis
Benchmark Competitive Products
Build and Test Models and Prototypes
budhiyogas@telkomuniversity.ac.id
SPEC VS. SPECS
• A spec consists of a metric, a unit, and a value

• Specs has a set of specs.
SPECIFICATIONS
• Customer needs are generally expressed in the “Language of The Customer”. For example :
→ The suspension is easy to install
→ The suspension enables high-speed descents on bumpy trails
• Little specific guidance about how to design and engineer the product
• Specifications
→ Precise, measurable detail what the product has to do
• Do not tell how to address the customer needs, represent an unambiguous agreement on what to achieve
to satisfy the customer needs
→ “The suspension is easy to install”
→ The average time to assemble the fork to the frame is less than 75 seconds
• Product specifications : The precise description of what the product has to do
• Product specification : product requirements/ engineering characteristics
Specification consists of a metric and a value:
The average time to assemble the fork to the frame is less than 75 seconds
“Average time to assemble” → Metric
“Less than 75 seconds” → Value (of the metric); labeled with the appropriate unit
LATIHAN :
• Customer Needs Statement :

• “ Smart Phone“
→ Specification ?
❑ Metric ?
❑ Value ?
TARGET VS. FINAL SPECS

Target specs : the hope and aspiration of the design (ideal and marginal)
Refined specs : trade-offs among different desired characteristics.
→ Intermediate specs
Final specs
→ It is in the project’s contract book
THE PRODUCT SPECS PROCESS
2. Refine
• Based on customer needs and
benchmarks
Specifications • Critical for ongoing improvement
• Develop metrics for each need • Based on selected concept and

• Set ideal and acceptable values feasibility testing
• Technical and economic modeling
• Trade-offs are critical
3. Reflect on the
1. Set Target
Results and the
Specifications
Process
PROCEDURE FOR ESTABLISHING TARGET SPECIFICATIONS
Identify a LIST OF Set ideal and marginally

Collect the
METRICS and ACCEPTABLE TARGET
COMPETITIVE Reflect on the RESULTS
measurement units that VALUES for each metric
BENCHMARKING and the PROCESS
sufficiently address the (using at least, at most,
information
needs between, exactly, etc.)
PREPARE THE LIST OF METRICS

• Metrics should be complete
Ideally, each customer need would correspond to a single metric, and the value of the metric would correlate perfectly with satisfaction of
that need
In practice, several metrics may be necessary to completely reflect a single customer need
→ “ Is safe in crash “
✓ Japan Industrial Standard Test (Binary)
✓ Bending strength (frontal loading) <kN>
• Metrics should be dependent, not independent
What-not-how
Mass → dimensions and material choices
• By using dependent variables for the specifications, designers are left with the freedom to achieve the
specifications using the best approach possible.
• Metrics should be practical
✓ Ideally, metrics will be directly observable or analyzable properties of the product that can be easily evaluated by the team
• Some needs cannot easily be translated into quantifiable metrics
✓ Repeat the needs statement as a specification
✓ Note that the metric is subjective
✓ Evaluated by a panel of customers
• Include the popular criteria for comparison in the marketplace
✓ Many customers in various markets buy products based on independently published evaluations
✓ If the team cannot find the relationship between the criteria used by the media and the customer needs it has identified, then it should ensure
that a need has not been overlooked and/or should work with the media to revise the criteria
PREPARE THE LIST OF METRICS
• INCLUDE THE POPULAR CRITERIA FOR COMPARISON IN THE MARKETPLACE
PROCESS FOR SETTING THE FINAL SPECIFICATIONS

1. Develop technical models to assess technical feasibility. The input is design variable
and the output is a measurement using a metric.
2. Develop a cost model of the product.
3. Refine the specifications, making tradeoffs, where necessary to form a competitive
map.
4. “Flow down” the final overall specs to specs for each subsystem (component and
part).
5. Reflect on the results to see
▪ Whether the product is a winner, and/or
▪ How much uncertainty there is in the technical and cost model, or
▪ Whether there is a need to develop a better technical model.
Example :
Mountain Bike Suspension Fork
Example : Mountain Bike Suspension Fork
START WITH THE CUSTOMER NEEDS
ESTABLISH METRICS AND UNITS

Degree of Importance
• Penentuan skala importance bebas, misal skala 1-5,
skala 1-10
• Dengan angka tertinggi menunjukkan semakin
tingginya tingkat kepentingan, misalnya :
Very Important 5
Important 4
Neutral 3
Not So Important 2
Not Important 1
LINK METRICS TO NEEDS
COLLECT COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING INFORMATION

The benchmarking chart is
conceptually very simple. For each
competitive product, the values of
the metrics are simply entered down
a column.
BENCHMARK ON METRICS
SET IDEAL AND MARGINALLY ACCEPTED VALUE
• In this step, the team synthesizes the available  At least X

information in order to actually set the target
 Higher is Better : Time in spray chamber without
value for the metrics. water entry → >2300 s
• Ideal value : Best result the team could hope for
 At most X
• The marginally accepted value:Value of the
metric that would just barely make the product  Lower is Better : Total Mass → <1,4kg
commercially viable
 Between X and Y
• To set the values, the team has many
 Spring Preload : 480-800 N
considerations, including the capability of the
competing product at the time, competitors’  Exactly X
product capabilities, etc.
 A set of discrete values
 Headset diameters : 1.000, 1.125, 1.250
ASSIGN MARGINAL AND IDEAL VALUES
CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT : FRONT END PROCESS
Mission Development
Statement Identify Establish Generate Select Plan Plan
Set Final
Customer Target Product Product Downstream
Specifications
Needs Specification Concepts Concept(s) Development
Perform Economic Analysis
Benchmark Competitive Products
Build and Test Models and Prototypes
PERCEPTUAL MAPPING EXERCISE
PERCEPTUAL MAPPING EXERCISE
SPECIFICATION TRADE-OFFS
SET FINAL SPECIFICATIONS
CLASS DISCUSSION
 Make target specifications for : _________

 Start with Needs
 Establish Metrics and Units
 (Benchmark)
 (Assign Target Values)

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FAKULTAS REKAYASA INDUSTRI

PENGEMBANGAN PRODUK - IEH3D3

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT : FRONT END PROCESS

Perform Economic Analysis

Benchmark Competitive Products

Build and Test Models and Prototypes

SPEC VS. SPECS

• A spec consists of a metric, a unit, and a value

• Customer Needs Statement :

TARGET VS. FINAL SPECS

THE PRODUCT SPECS PROCESS

• Develop metrics for each need • Based on selected concept and

PROCEDURE FOR ESTABLISHING TARGET SPECIFICATIONS

Identify a LIST OF Set ideal and marginally

PREPARE THE LIST OF METRICS

PROCESS FOR SETTING THE FINAL SPECIFICATIONS

START WITH THE CUSTOMER NEEDS

ESTABLISH METRICS AND UNITS

LINK METRICS TO NEEDS

COLLECT COMPETITIVE BENCHMARKING INFORMATION

SET IDEAL AND MARGINALLY ACCEPTED VALUE

• In this step, the team synthesizes the available  At least X

ASSIGN MARGINAL AND IDEAL VALUES

CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT : FRONT END PROCESS

Perform Economic Analysis

Benchmark Competitive Products

Build and Test Models and Prototypes

PERCEPTUAL MAPPING EXERCISE

PERCEPTUAL MAPPING EXERCISE

SET FINAL SPECIFICATIONS

 Make target specifications for : _________

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