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 Building AI
Projects
deeplearning.ai Starting an AI project

Andrew Ng
Starting an AI project
• Workflow of projects
• Selecting AI projects
• Organizing data and team for the projects

Andrew Ng
 Building AI
Projects
Workflow of a
deeplearning.ai machine learning project

Andrew Ng
Example: Speech recognition

Amazon Google Apple Baidu

Echo / Alexa Home Siri DuerOS

AndrewNg
Andrew Ng
Key steps of a machine learning project
Echo / Alexa

1. Collect data

2. Train model
Iterate many times until
good enough

3. Deploy model
Get data back
Maintain / update model

Andrew Ng
Key steps of a machine learning project
Self-driving car
1. Collect data image position of other cars

2. Train model
Iterate many times until
good enough

3. Deploy model
Get data back
Maintain / update model
 Building AI
Projects
Workflow of a
deeplearning.ai data science project

Andrew Ng
Example: Optimizing a sales funnel

Visit website Product page Shopping cart Checkout

🡪 🡪 🡪

AndrewNg
Andrew Ng
Key steps of a data science project
Optimizing a sales funnel
User ID Country Time Webpage
2009 Spain 08:34:30 Jan 5 home.html
1. Collect data
2897 USA 13:20:22 May 18 redmug.html

4893 Philippines 22:45:16 Jun 11 mug.html

2. Analyze data
Iterate many times to get good insights

3. Suggest hypotheses/actions
Deploy changes
Re-analyze new data periodically

Andrew Ng
 Key steps of a data science project
Clay Supplier Mixing
Manufacturing line Final Batch time
# (minutes)
Mix clay Shape mug Add glaze Fire kiln inspection
001 ClayCo 35

034 GooClay 22
🡪🡪 🡪🡪 🡪🡪 🡪🡪
109 BrownStuff 28

Mug Country Humidity Temperature Duration

1. Collect data Batch
#
in kiln (F) in kiln
(hours)
2. Analyze data 301 Spain 0.002% 1410º 22
Iterate many times to get good insight
302 USA 0.003% 1520º 24
3. Suggest hypotheses/actions
Deploy changes 303 Malaysia 0.002% 1420º 22
Re-analyze new data periodically
 Building AI
Projects
deeplearning.ai Every job function
needs to learn how to use data

Andrew Ng
Sales
Data science Machine learning
Visit website Product page
Name Title Company Email Priority
size
Tayler CEO 3050 tay@a.. high
🡪 🡪
Janet Manager 230 jan@b.. medium

Shopping cart Checkout David Intern 30 dave@c.. low

🡪 🡪

Optimize sales funnel Automated lead sorting

deeplearning.ai Andrew Ng
Andrew Ng
Manufacturing line manager
Data science Machine learning
Mix clay Shape mug Add glaze

🡪🡪 🡪🡪 🡪🡪

Final
Fire kiln inspection ok ok defect

🡪🡪 🡪🡪

Optimize sales funnel Automated visual inspection

deeplearning.ai Andrew Ng
Andrew Ng
Recruiting
Data science Machine learning
Jane Doe
Personal Info
Education
Email Phone 🡪 Yes
outreach 🡪 🡪 Professional
screen
Employment

Tiffany Doe
Onsite Personal Info
🡪 🡪 Offer
interview Education 🡪 No
Professional
Employment

Optimize recruiting funnel Automated resume screening

deeplearning.ai Andrew Ng
Andrew Ng
Marketing
Data science Machine learning
Recommended for you

Take the Deep Learning Specialization

A B

A/B testing Customized product recommendation

deeplearning.ai Andrew Ng
Andrew Ng
Agriculture
Data science Machine learning

Crop analytics Precision weed killing

deeplearning.ai Andrew Ng
Andrew Ng
 Building AI
Projects
deeplearning.ai How to choose an AI project I

Andrew Ng
AI knowledge and domain knowledge

Things
What AI valuable
can do for your
business

AI experts Domain experts

Andrew Ng
Brainstorming framework

• Think about optimizing tasks rather than

automating jobs. E.g., call center routing,
radiologists.

• What are the main drivers of business value?

• What are the main points in your business?

Andrew Ng
You can make progress even without big data

• Having more data almost never hurts.

• Data makes some businesses (like web search) defensible.
• But with small datasets, you might still make progress.

Andrew Ng
 Building AI
Projects
deeplearning.ai How to choose an AI project II

Andrew Ng
Due diligence on project

Things
What AI valuable
can do for your
business

Technical Business
diligence diligence
Andrew Ng
Due diligence on project

Technical diligence Business diligence

• Can AI system meet • Lower costs current

desired performance business
• Increase revenue
• How much data is needed
• Launch new product or new
• Engineering timeline business business

Andrew Ng
Build vs. buy

• ML projects can be in-house or outsourced

• DS projects are more commonly in-house
• Some things will be industry standard – avoid building
those.

Andrew Ng
 Building AI
Projects
deeplearning.ai Working with an AI team

Andrew Ng
Specify your acceptance criteria

ok Goal: detect defects

with 95% accuracy

ok
Provide AI team a dataset on
which to measure their
performance
defect

Andrew Ng
How AI teams think about data
Training set Test set

ok ok

ok ok

ok defect

Andrew Ng
Pitfall: Expecting 100% accuracy
Test set
• Limitations of ML
ok ok • Insufficient data
• Mislabeled data
ok • Ambiguous label

defect ok

Andrew Ng
 Building AI
Projects
deeplearning.ai Technical tools for
AI teams (optional)

Andrew Ng
Open-source frameworks
Machine learning frameworks: Research publications
• TensorFlow • Arxiv
• PyTorch
• Keras
• MXNet Open source repositories:
• CNTK • GitHub
• Caffe
• PaddlePaddle
• Scikit-learn
• R
• Weka
Andrew Ng
CPU vs. GPU
CPU: Computer processor (Central Processing Unit)

GPU: Graphics Processing Unit

Cloud vs. On-premises

Andrew Ng