In the Name of the Most High

University of Tehran

Faculty of Engineering

Academic Word List

(AWL)

Prepared by

Dr. M. Ahmadi Shirazi

November 2021
1. Analyze (Verb)

e.g., The data was recorded and analyzed by computer.

2. Approach (Noun)

e.g., We need a whole new approach to the job.

3. Area (Noun)

e.g., The storms resulted in flooding over a large area.

4. Assess (Verb)

e.g., Damage to the boat was assessed at $5,000.

5. Assume (Verb)

e.g., Harry assumed a role as sales director of the company.

6. Authority (Noun)

e.g., Local authorities are investigating the accident.

7. Available (Adjective)

e.g., The government intends to make more land available for development.

8. Benefit (Noun)

e.g., A benefit of museum membership is that purchases are discounted.

9. Concept (Noun)

e.g., She is familiar with basic concepts of psychology.

10. Consist (Verb)

e.g., Coal consists mostly of carbon.

11. Constitutional (Adjective)

e.g., Therefore, we emphasize our support for a constitutional amendment to require a balanced
budget.

12. Context (Noun)

e.g., The book puts these events in their proper historical and social contexts.

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13. Contract (Noun)

e.g., Have you signed the contract yet?

14. Create (Verb)

e.g., The President has announced a plan to create new jobs.

15. Data (Noun)

e.g., Evaluation is the systematic collection and analysis of relevant data to inform decision
making.’

16. Definition (Noun)

e.g., Mrs. Murray made him write down the definition for all the words in the dictionary that
began with the letters Y and X and then put each word in a sentence correctly.’

17. Derive (Verb)

e.g., Healthy rivers and lakes are vital not only because we derive our drinking water from these
sources but they are also a means where we and our children pass the time through walks,
fishing, swimming, canoeing etc.’

18. Distribution (Noun)

e.g., The government released about 74,000 tons of rice for distribution among people affected
by the storm.

19. Economic (Adjective)

e.g., At present, the United States is the dominant world economic and technological power.’

20. Environment (Noun)

e.g., We're trying to create a better business environment.

21. Establish (Verb)

e.g., The company has established itself as a leader in the industry.

22. Estimate (Verb)

e.g., The cost of the project has been estimated at about 10 million dollars.

23. Evidence (Noun)

e.g., He has been unable to find evidence to support his theory.

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24. Export (Verb)

e.g., Many countries export oil to the U.S.

25. Factor (Noun)

e.g., Poor planning was a major factor in the company's failure.

26. Financial (Adjective)

e.g., I would like some financial advice before I buy this house.

27. Formula (Noun)

e.g., The formula for water is H2O.

28. Function (Noun)

e.g., The function of the heart is to pump blood through the body.

29. Identify (Verb)

e.g., We need to identify the causes of unemployment.

30. Income (Noun)

e.g., Farming is his main source of income.

31. Indicate (Verb)

e.g., The general used a long ruler to indicate on the map exactly where the troops would land.

32. Individual (Adjective)

e.g., The doctor carefully evaluates the individual needs of her patients.

33. Interpretation (Noun)

e.g., The truth will only be found by careful interpretation of the evidence.

34. Involve (Verb)

e.g., She remained involved with the organization for many years.

35. Issue (Noun)

e.g., Water purity is a public health issue.

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36. Labor (Noun)

e.g., Getting the job done will require many hours of difficult labor.

37. Legal (Adjective)

e.g., “Is it legal to fish in this river?” “Yes, it's perfectly legal.”

38. Legislation (Noun)

e.g., One of the important functions of government is legislation.

39. Major (Adjective)

e.g., Butter is one of the major ingredients in the recipe.

40. Method (Noun)

e.g., He claims to have developed a new method for growing tomatoes.

41. Occur (Verb)

e.g., The disease tends to occur in children under the age of five.

42. Percent (Noun)

e.g., Ten percent of the class failed the test.

43. Period (Noun)

e.g., The period between Christmas and New Year's Eve is a very busy one for us.

44. Policy (Noun)

e.g., What is the store's return policy?

45. Principle (Noun)

e.g., His investment strategy is based on the principle that the stock market offers the best returns
for long-term investors.

46. Procedure (Noun)

e.g., Installing a car battery is a simple procedure.

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47. Process (Noun)

e.g., Learning a foreign language can be a long process.

48. Require (Verb)

e.g., Please indicate how many tickets you require.

49. Research (Noun)

e.g., Recent research shows that the disease is caused in part by bad nutrition.

50. Response (Noun)

e.g., I am writing in response to your letter of July 17.

51. Role (Noun)

e.g., After her husband left her, she had to take on the dual role of mother and father for her
children.

52. Section (Noun)

e.g., Do you want to sit in the nonsmoking section?

53. Sector (Noun)

e.g., Data is stored on the disk in 512-byte sectors.

54. Significant (Adjective)

e.g., There is a significant difference in prices between the two stores.

55. Similar (Adjective)

e.g., Our cats are similar in size.

56. Source (Noun)

e.g., The college had its own power source.

57. Specific (Adjective)

e.g., We were each given a specific topic to talk about.

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58. Structure (Noun)

e.g., They studied the compound's molecular structure.

59. Theory (Noun)

e.g., There are a number of different theories about the cause of the disease.

60. Variable (Noun)

e.g., Understand that in college admissions, grades are only one of the many variables that are
factored into the selection process.

61. Achieve (Verb)

e.g., With much practice, she has achieved a high level of skill.

62. Acquisition (Noun)

e.g., The big company's newest acquisition is a small chain of clothing stores.

63. Administration (Noun)

e.g., She has a degree in business administration.

64. Affect (Verb)

e.g., The oceans are affected by the moon.

65. Appropriate (Adjective)

e.g., The movie is perfectly appropriate to people of all ages.

66. Aspect (Noun)

e.g., Depending on what aspect of college life you consider most important, there are several
colleges which might be good for you.

67. Assistance (Noun)

e.g., I'll be happy to provide you with whatever assistance you may need.

68. Category (Noun)

e.g., She competed for the award in her age category.

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69. Chapter (Noun)

e.g., Chapter three deals with the country's economy.

70. Commission (Noun)

e.g., She gets a commission for each car she sells.

71. Community (Noun)

e.g., Many communities are facing budget problems.

72. Complex (Adjective)

e.g., The situation is more complex than you realize.

73. Computer (Noun)

e.g., He works all day on a computer.

74. Conclusion (Noun)

e.g., They haven't yet arrived at a conclusion.

75. Conduct (Verb)

e.g., The police are conducting an investigation into last week's robbery.

76. Consequence (Noun)

e.g., The decrease in sales was a consequence of some bad publicity about the company.

77. Construction (Noun)

e.g., Construction of the new bridge will begin in the spring.

78. Consumer (Noun)

e.g., Many consumers are still not comfortable making purchases on the Internet.

79. Credit (Noun)

e.g., You need to have a strong credit history and a good job in order to get a mortgage.

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80. Cultural (Adjective)

e.g., We studied our cultural heritage.

81. Design (Verb)

e.g., A team of engineers designed the new engine.

82. Distinction (Noun)

e.g., There are no obvious distinctions between the two designs.

83. Element (Noun)

e.g., Water is composed of the elements hydrogen and oxygen.

84. Equation (Noun)

e.g., These laws are very precise and can be expressed by exact mathematical equations.

85. Evaluation (Noun)

e.g., It all ends with oral examinations, evaluations, and a graduation ceremony.

86. Feature (Noun)

e.g., This year's models include several new safety features.

87. Final (Adjective)

e.g., They won their final four games.

88. Focus (Noun)

e.g., He's successful, but he feels that his life lacks focus.

89. Impact (Noun)

e.g., We need to be concerned about the environmental impacts of all this construction.

90. Injury (Noun)

e.g., She fell and suffered an injury to her arm.

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91. Institute (Noun)

e.g., The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is one of the high ranking universities in the
world.

92. Invest (Verb)

e.g., The company is to invest £12 m in its manufacturing site at Linlithglow.

93. Item (Noun)

e.g., I need to buy a few household items like soap.

94. Journal (Noun)

e.g., I've been keeping a journal for several years.

95. Maintain (Verb)

e.g., He has found it difficult to maintain a healthy weight.

96. Normal (Adjective)

e.g., He had a normal childhood.

97. Obtain (Verb)

e.g., We obtained a copy of the original letter.

98. Participate (Verb)

e.g., Most people joined the game, but a few chose not to participate.

99. Perceive (Verb)

e.g., I perceived a change in her attitude.

100. Positive (Adjective)

e.g., He has been a positive role model for his brother.

101. Potential (Adjective)

e.g., Critics say the factory poses a potential threat to the environment.

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102. Previous (Adjective)

e.g., The previous owners of the house were our relatives.

103. Primary (Adjective)

e.g., The family is the primary social unit of human life.

104. Purchase (Verb)

e.g., He purchased a new suit for a hundred dollars.

105. Range (Verb)

e.g., The selection of food ranged from mild to very spicy.

106. Region (Noun)

e.g., He's the company sales manager for the entire Southwest region.

107. Regulation (Noun)

e.g., Each agency has its own set of rules and regulations.

108. Relevant (Adjective)

e.g., Make sure your comments during the interview are short and relevant!

109. Resident (Noun)

e.g., Only four of the 10 houses on the street are now owned by long-term residents.

110. Resource (Noun)

e.g., Oil is essentially their only resource.

111. Restrict (Verb)

e.g., She was told to restrict the amount of salt she uses.

112. Secure (Adjective)

e.g., We need to make our network more secure against attacks by hackers.

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113. Seek (Verb)

e.g., The office is seeking a salesperson.

114. Select (Verb)

e.g., Please select one item from the list.

115. Site (Noun)

e.g., Hard hats must be worn on the construction site.

116. Strategy (Noun)

e.g., The government is developing innovative strategies to help people without insurance get
medical care.

117. Survey (Noun)

e.g., We conducted an opinion survey on the issue and found that most people agree.

118. Text (Noun)

e.g., You can find the full text of his speech on his Web site.

119. Tradition (Noun)

e.g., It is their tradition to give thanks before they start eating.

120. Transfer (Verb)

e.g., The patient was transferred to a different hospital.

121. Alternative (Adjective)

e.g., He developed an alternative design for the new engine.

122. Circumstance (Noun)

e.g., We wanted to marry but circumstances didn't permit.

123. Comment (Noun)

e.g., Comments or suggestions can be sent to our main Web address.

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124. Compensate (Verb)

e.g., His enthusiasm compensates for his lack of skill.

125. Component (Noun)

e.g., He sells spare computer components.

126. Consent (Noun)

e.g., No one may use the vehicle without the consent of the owner.

127. Considerable (Adjective)

e.g., She was in considerable pain.

128. Constant (Adjective)

e.g., He suffers from constant headaches.

129. Contain (Verb)

e.g., The room was barely big enough to contain everyone who came to the meeting.

130. Contribute (Verb)

e.g., The volunteers contributed their time towards cleaning up the city.

131. Convene (Verb)

e.g., We convened at the hotel for a seminar.

132. Coordinate (Verb)

e.g., Since his illness, he has had trouble coordinating his arms and legs.

133. Core (Noun)

e.g., Managers can concentrate on their core activities.

134. Corporate (Adjective)

e.g., The business is a corporate entity.

135. Correspond (Verb)

e.g., Each number corresponds to a location on the map.

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136. Criteria (Noun)

e.g., What were the criteria used to choose the winner?

137. Deduce (Verb)

e.g., I can deduce from the simple observation of your behavior that you're trying to hide
something from me.

138. Demonstrate (Verb)

e.g., Each student must demonstrate mastery of the subject matter in order to pass the class.

139. Document (Noun)

e.g., It is important to keep all of your financial documents in a safe place.

140. Dominate (Verb)

e.g., One company has dominated the market for years.

141. Emphasis (Noun)

e.g., Our candidate's plan has a different emphasis.

142. Ensure (Verb)

e.g., They took steps to ensure the safety of the passengers.

143. Exclude (Verb)

e.g., The prices on the menu exclude tax.

144. Framework (Noun)

e.g., The book provides a general framework for understanding modern politics.

145. Fund (Noun)

e.g., Some student unions make small funds available in grant form, so call the resident welfare
officer to apply.

146. Illustrate (Verb)

e.g., Please give a few examples to illustrate your point.

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147. Immigrate (Verb)

e.g., A country surely has the right to decide who is permitted to immigrate and become a citizen
of that country - that is not the issue.

148. Imply (Verb)

e.g., Early reports implied that the judge's death was not an accident.

149. Initial (Adjective)

e.g., you've resolved my initial complaint, but now I have a new question.

150. Instance (Noun)

e.g., These delays are just another instance of bureaucratic inefficiency.

151. Interact (Verb)

e.g., They're quiet children who don't interact much.

152. Justify (Verb)

e.g., He tried to justify his behavior by saying that he was being pressured unfairly by his boss.

153. Layer (Noun)

e.g., The cake has three layers.

154. Link (Noun)

e.g., Is there a link between dinosaurs and birds?

155. Locate (Verb)

e.g., Can you locate your town on the map?

156. Maximize (Verb)

e.g., I rearranged the furniture to maximize the space in my small apartment.

157. Minor (Adjective)

e.g., I'm not worried about minor details.

158. Negate (Verb)

e.g., The fact that she lied about her work experience negated the contract.

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159. Outcome (Noun)

e.g., There are two possible outcomes: Failure or success.

160. Partner (Noun)

e.g., Singapore's most important trading partner is Indonesia.

161. Philosophy (Noun)

e.g., Her degree is in philosophy and religion.

162. Physical (Adjective)

e.g., The program is designed to address both physical and emotional health.

163. Proportion (Noun)

e.g., The size of the window seems out of proportion with the height of the wall.

164. Publish (Verb)

e.g., It's a small company that only publishes about four books a year.

165. React (Verb)

e.g., When I told her what happened, she reacted with anger.

166. Register (Verb)

e.g., He registered the birth of his child.

167. Rely (Verb)

e.g., His friend did not believe in chances nor did he believe in relying on anyone else.

168. Remove (Verb)

e.g., Trees help to remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.

169. Scheme (Noun)

e.g., The company has a new scheme for insurance coverage.

170. Sequence (Noun)

e.g., He listened to the telephone messages in sequence.

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171. Sex (Noun)

e.g., The form asks for your name, age, and sex.

172. Shift (Verb)

e.g., Public opinion has shifted dramatically in recent months.

173. Specify (Verb)

e.g., Can you specify the cause of the argument?

174. Sufficient (Adjective)

e.g., There must be sufficient funds in your bank account to cover the check.

175. Task (Noun)

e.g., Our first task is to review the budget.

176. Technical (Adjective)

e.g., If you have any problems with your new computer, we offer 24-hour technical support.

177. Technique (Noun)

e.g., The players need to practice in order to improve their technique.

178. Technology (Noun)

e.g., Recent advances in medical technology have saved countless lives.

179. Valid (Adjective)

e.g., The agreement is no longer valid under international law.

180. Volume (Noun)

e.g., We measure the items by weight, not by volume.

181. Access (Noun)

e.g., We have Internet access at the library.

182. Adequate (Adjective)

e.g., Your grades are adequate but I think you can do better.

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183. Annual (Adjective)

e.g., We had more snow this year than the average annual amount.

184. Apparent (Adjective)

e.g., From the beginning, it was apparent that she was not an ordinary child.

185. Approximate (Adjective)

e.g., Can you give me the approximate cost of the repair?

186. Attitude (Noun)

e.g., He has a positive attitude about the changes.

187. Attribute (Noun)

e.g., Both candidates possess the attributes we want in a leader.

188. Civil (Adjective)

e.g., As civil society is steadily developing, some of its elements continue to affect foreign
policy.

189. Code (Noun)

e.g., Everyone in the organization has to follow its code of ethics.

190. Commit (Verb)

e.g., The massacre was committed by the rebel army.

191. Communicate (Verb)

e.g., She communicated her ideas to the group.

192. Concentrate (Verb)

e.g., All that noise makes it hard to concentrate.

193. Confer (Verb)

e.g., The lawyer and judge conferred about the ruling.

194. Contrast (Verb)

e.g., Her black dress and the white background contrast sharply.

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195. Cycle (Noun)

e.g., We have to wait for the dishwasher's wash and dry cycles to end.

196. Debate (Noun)

e.g., The candidates participated in several debates before the election was held.

197. Despite (Preposition)

e.g., We went to the party despite the bad weather outside.

198. Dimension (Noun)

e.g., She carefully measured each dimension of the room.

199. Domestic (Adjective)

e.g., The company hopes to attract both foreign and domestic investors.

200. Emerge (Verb)

e.g., The facts emerged after a lengthy investigation.

201. Error (Noun)

e.g., I made an error in my calculations.

202. Ethnic (Adjective)

e.g., The U.S. has a wide variety of ethnic groups made up of immigrants or their descendants.

203. Goal (Noun)

e.g., Her primary goal is to get a college degree.

204. Grant (Verb)

e.g., We haven't yet been granted access to the archive.

205. Hence (Adverb)

e.g., The company lost a great deal of money. Hence, the CEO was asked to resign.

206. Hypothesis (Noun)

e.g., The results of the experiment did not support his hypothesis.

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207. Implement (Verb)

e.g., Due to high costs, the program was never fully implemented.

208. Implicate (Verb)

e.g., His business partner was implicated in the theft.

209. Impose (Verb)

e.g., The judge imposed a life sentence.

210. Integrate (Verb)

e.g., The car's design successfully integrates art and technology.

211. Internal (Adjective)

e.g., The patient is experiencing internal bleeding.

212. Investigate (Verb)

e.g., The police are still investigating the murder.

213. Job (Noun)

e.g., He took a job as a waiter.

214. Label (Verb)

e.g., He labels his photographs with the date and place they were taken.

215. Mechanism (Noun)

e.g., Scientists are studying the body's mechanisms for controlling weight.

216. Obvious (Adjective)

e.g., Her doctor immediately noticed the obvious signs of the disease.

217. Occupy (Verb)

e.g., They have occupied the apartment for three years.

218. Option (Noun)

e.g., You have the option of staying home or coming with us.

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219. Output (Noun)

e.g., The computer's output is shown on this screen.

220. Overall (Adverb)

e.g., He made a few mistakes but did well overall.

221. Parallel (Adjective)

e.g., Notice the parallel development of the two technologies.

222. Parameter (Noun)

e.g., However, I can't get away from the fact that my guiding parameters are somewhat limited
by my lack of motoring knowledge.

223. Phase (Noun)

e.g., The project will be done in three phases.

224. Predict (Verb)

e.g., All the local forecasters are predicting rain for this afternoon.

225. Principal (Adjective)

e.g., Vegetables are the principal ingredients in this soup.

226. Prior (Adjective)

e.g., The job requires prior experience in advertising.

227. Professional (Adjective)

e.g., Do you have any professional experience?

228. Project (Noun)

e.g., Other collaborative international projects have been less successful.

229. Promote (Verb)

e.g., Good soil promotes plant growth.

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230. Regime (Noun)

e.g., Under the new regime, all workers must file a weekly report.

231. Resolve (Verb)

e.g., They haven't been able to resolve their differences.

232. Retain (Verb)

e.g., The TV show has retained its popularity for many years.

233. Series (Noun)

e.g., Our University lecturer has published a series of articles on global warming.

234. Statistic (Noun)

e.g., The statistics show that the crime rate has increased.

235. Status (Noun)

e.g., They want to maintain the city's status as a major tourist attraction.

236. Stress (Noun)

e.g., She uses meditation as a way of reducing stress.

237. Subsequent (Adjective)

e.g., Her work had a great influence on subsequent generations.

238. Sum (Noun)

e.g., Most Japanese currently hold large sums of money in secure savings accounts that yield
zero interest.

239. Summary (Noun)

e.g., He concluded the report with a brief summary.

240. Undertake (Verb)

e.g., The researchers undertook a series of studies.

241. Academy (Noun)

e.g., After I graduated from college, I entered the police academy.

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242. Adjust (Verb)

e.g., She adjusted the car seat so she could reach the pedals.

243. Alter (Verb)

e.g., He altered his will to leave everything to his sister.

244. Amend (Verb)

e.g., The country's constitution was amended to allow women to vote.

245. Aware (Adjective)

e.g., Are you aware how important you are to me?

246. Capacity (Noun)

e.g., Does he have the capacity to handle this job?

247. Challenge (Noun)

e.g., The next major challenge for the company is to improve its distribution capabilities.

248. Clause (Noun)

e.g., The sentence “When it rained they went inside” consists of two clauses: “when it rained”
and “they went inside.”

249. Compound (Noun)

e.g., The words “rowboat” and “hide-and-seek” are compounds.

250. Conflict (Noun)

e.g., They're having serious conflicts over the budget.

251. Consult (Verb)

e.g., You should not attempt these exercises without first consulting your doctor.

252. Contact (Verb)

e.g., She contacted everyone on the list.

253. Decline (Noun)

e.g., He says that American industry is in a state of decline.

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254. Discrete (Adjective)

e.g., The report is divided into discrete sections.

255. Draft (Noun)

e.g., The published poem differs quite a bit from earlier drafts.

256. Enable (Verb)

e.g., The system enables students to access class materials online.

257. Energy (Noun)

e.g., They devoted all their energy to the completion of the project.

258. Enforce (Verb)

e.g., The duty of the police is to enforce the law.

259. Entity (Noun)

e.g., One division of the company was broken off as a separate entity.

260. Equivalent (Adjective)

e.g., I haven't taken English 202, but I took an equivalent course at another university.

261. Evolve (Verb)

e.g., Her company has evolved from a hobby into a thriving business.

262. Expand (Verb)

e.g., The coffee shop may expand into a full restaurant.

263. Expose (Verb)

e.g., At this class, every student is exposed to light coming through large windows.

264. External (Adjective)

e.g., China will not tolerate any external interference in its affairs.

265. Facilitate (Verb)

e.g., Cutting taxes may facilitate economic recovery.

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266. Fundamental (Adjective)

e.g., We need to make some fundamental changes in the way we do business.

267. Generate (Verb)

e.g., This business should generate a lot of revenue.

268. Generation (Noun)

e.g., We need to preserve these resources for future generations.

269. Image (Noun)

e.g., The law suit has negatively affected the company's public image.

270. Liberal (Adjective)

e.g., She is a liberal Democrat who married a conservative Republican.

271. License (Noun)

e.g., His job as a reporter gives him license to go anywhere and ask anything.

272. Logic (Noun)

e.g., If you just use a little logic, you'll see I'm right.

273. Margin (Noun)

e.g., Please write your name in the left margin of the page.

274. Medical (Adjective)

e.g., He has a dangerous medical condition.

275. Mental (Adjective)

e.g., Stress has an effect on both your physical and mental health.

276. Modify (Verb)

e.g., In the phrase “a red hat,” the adjective “red” modifies the noun “hat.”

277. Monitor (Verb)

e.g., We're in a good position to monitor and respond to customer concerns.

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278. Network (Noun)

e.g., Most workplaces have a local network as well as access to the Internet.

279. Notion (Noun)

e.g., The study disproves any notion that dolphins are not intelligent.

280. Objective (Noun)

e.g., She's expanding the business with the objective of improving efficiency.

281. Orient (Verb)

e.g., The program is intended to orient students toward a career in medicine.

282. Perspective (Noun)

e.g., The novel is written from a child’s perspective.

283. Precise (Adjective)

e.g., Be sure to take precise measurements before you cut the cloth.

284. Prime (Adjective)

e.g., The police have not yet named the prime suspect in the murder investigation.

285. Psychology (Noun)

e.g., She studied psychology in college.

286. Pursue (Verb)

e.g., He chose to pursue a college degree.

287. Ratio (Noun)

e.g., The ratio of students to teachers in the school is nine to one.

288. Reject (Verb)

e.g., My teacher rejected my excuse for being late.

289. Revenue (Noun)

e.g., The factory lost revenue because of the strike by the workers.

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290. Stable (Adjective)

e.g., Children need to be raised in a stable environment.

291. Style (Noun)

e.g., The room was decorated in modern style.

292. Substitute (Verb)

e.g., One of our teachers is sick, so we need someone to substitute.

293. Sustain (Verb)

e.g., The roof, unable to sustain the weight of all the snow, collapsed.

294. Symbol (Noun)

e.g., The symbol ¶ indicates where a new paragraph should begin.

295. Target (Noun)

e.g., Tourists are often easy targets for thieves.

296. Transit (Noun)

e.g., The goods were lost in transit.

297. Trend (Noun)

e.g., Digital technology is the latest trend in television.

298. Version (Noun)

e.g., A new version of the word processing program should be available soon.

299. Welfare (Noun)

e.g., She donates to organizations concerned about animal welfare.

300. Whereas (Conjunction)

e.g., Whereas there are many good reasons to switch to Plan B, we must stick with Plan A as
long as it is feasible.

301. Abstract (Noun)

e.g., The scientist wrote an abstract of his research and conclusions.

27
302. Accurate (Adjective)

e.g., The machines were not yet accurate enough to give useful results.

303. Acknowledge (Verb)

e.g., They readily acknowledged their mistake.

304. Aggregate (Adjective)

e.g., The university receives more than half its aggregate income from government sources.

305. Allocate (Verb)

e.g., Money from the sale of the house was allocated to each of the children.

306. Assign (Verb)

e.g., The teacher assigned us 50 math problems for homework!

307. Attach (Verb)

e.g., I attached the file to the e-mail.

308. Author (Noun)

e.g., I enjoyed the book, but I can't remember the name of the author.

309. Bond (Noun)

e.g., Recent events have helped to strengthen the bonds between our two countries.

310. Brief (Adjective)

e.g., The essay is brief but thorough enough.

311. Capable (Adjective)

e.g., Lord himself was a capable but not an outstanding player.

312. Cite (Verb)

e.g., He cited evidence suggesting she was in the area when the crime was committed.

313. Cooperate (Verb)

e.g., The country agreed to cooperate with the other nations on the trade agreement.

28
314. Discriminate (Verb)

e.g., The monkeys were easily able to discriminate between the different objects, according to
their visual appearance.

315. Display (Verb)

e.g., Students displayed their projects at the science fair.

316. Diverse (Adjective)

e.g., The category of "mammals" contains creatures as diverse as whales, elephants, and human
beings.

317. Domain (Noun)

e.g., The discovery of X-rays added to the domain of natural science.

318. Edit (Verb)

e.g., Students learn to edit their essays for grammar and punctuation.

319. Enhance (Verb)

e.g., The company is looking to enhance its earnings potential.

320. Estate (Noun)

e.g., He inherited the estate from his parents.

321. Exceed (Verb)

e.g., The demand for new housing has already exceeded the supply.

322. Expert (Noun)

e.g., The company has become expert at adapting its products for new clients.

323. Explicit (Adjective)

e.g., I don't quite understand -- could you be a bit more explicit?

324. Federal (Adjective)

e.g., Federal funding for the project was cut last year.

325. Fee (Noun)

e.g., We returned the library book late and had to pay a late fee.

29
326. Flexible (Adjective)

e.g., She's been doing exercises to become stronger and more flexible.

327. Furthermore (Adverb)

e.g., I'm not interested in what you are selling, and furthermore, I asked your company not to
contact me ever again.

328. Gender (Noun)

e.g., Please state your name, birth date, and gender.

329. Ignorant (Adjective)

e.g., Political historians are often rather ignorant of economics.

330. Incentive (Noun)

e.g., The company is offering a special low price as an added incentive for new customers.

331. Incidence (Noun)

e.g., Poverty is one of the reasons for the high incidence of crime in this district.

332. Incorporate (Verb)

e.g., The company was incorporated in 1981.

333. Index (Noun)

e.g., Look up the recipe for potato soup in the index.

334. Inhibit (Verb)

e.g., Strict laws are inhibiting economic growth.

335. Initiate (Verb)

e.g., Doctors have initiated a series of tests to determine the cause of the problem.

336. Input (Noun)

e.g., The computer gets its input from a keyboard or mouse.

337. Instruct (Verb)

e.g., She instructed us that we were to remain in our seats.

30
338. Intelligence (Noun)

e.g., She impressed us with her superior intelligence.

339. Interval (Noun)

e.g., There will be a 20-minute interval between acts one and two of the play.

340. Lecture (Noun)

e.g., She's planning to give a series of lectures on modern art.

341. Migrate (Verb)

e.g., The whales migrate between their feeding ground in the north and their breeding ground in
the Caribbean.

342. Minimum (Noun)

e.g., The judge recommended that he should serve a minimum of 12 years.

343. Ministry (Noun)

e.g., That opinion was based on an interview Mary had with a foreign ministry official.

344. Motive (Noun)

e.g., The police believe the motive for this murder was jealousy.

345. Neutral (Adjective)

e.g., The two countries were neutrals while their neighbors were at war.

346. Nevertheless (Adverb)

e.g., He was born with deformities in both legs but nevertheless became a champion rider and
high jumper in his teens.

347. Overseas (Adverb)

e.g., Chris is going to work overseas.

348. Precede (Verb)

e.g., The meeting was preceded by a brief welcoming speech.

349. Presume (Verb)

e.g., The court must presume innocence until there is proof of guilt.

31
350. Rational (Adjective)

e.g., Parents need to be fully informed so they can make a rational decision.

351. Recover (Verb)

e.g., Share prices will be down until the economy recovers.

352. Reveal (Verb)

e.g., The test revealed the true cause of death.

353. Scope (Noun)

e.g., There is considerable scope for further growth in the economy.

354. Subsidy (Noun)

e.g., US farmers are having trouble coping with the reductions in agricultural subsidies.

355. Tape (Noun)

e.g., His eyeglasses are held together with tape.

356. Trace (Noun)

e.g., She seems to have vanished without trace.

357. Transform (Verb)

e.g., The old factory has been transformed into an art gallery.

358. Transport (Verb)

e.g., A van at the hotel transports guests to and from the airport.

359. Underlie (Verb)

e.g., We discussed the principles that underlay their methods last week.

360. Utilize (Verb)

e.g., we must utilize all the tools at our disposal.

361. Adapt (Verb)

e.g., She has adapted herself to college life quite easily.

32
362. Adult (Noun)

e.g., Her books appeal both to children and to adults.

363. Advocate (Noun)

e.g., Clinton was seen as a strong advocate for a variety of educational improvements.

364. Aid (Noun)

e.g., The project was completed with the aid of several students.

365. Channel (Noun)

e.g., The kids are watching cartoons on the Disney Channel.

366. Chemical (Adjective)

e.g., Kitchen chemicals, such as detergents, are bad for nails because they strip away natural oils.

367. Classic (Adjective)

e.g., She prefers classic furniture designs.

368. Comprehensive (Adjective)

e.g., We offer our customers a comprehensive range of financial products.

369. Comprise (Verb)

e.g., Each army division comprised 4,500 troops.

370. Confirm (Verb)

e.g., The award confirmed her status as one of the great movie actresses.

371. Contrary (Noun)

e.g., On the contrary, they were getting better all the time.

372. Convert (Verb)

e.g., There are mechanical devices that convert air into beautiful sounds.

373. Couple (Noun)

e.g., “Are they a couple?” “No, they are just good friends.”

33
374. Decade (Noun)

e.g., The war lasted nearly a decade.

375. Definite (Adjective)

e.g., The answer is a definite no.

376. Deny (Verb)

e.g., He denied the report that he would be quitting his job.

377. Differentiate (Verb)

e.g., The only thing that differentiates the twins is the color of their eyes.

378. Dispose (Verb)

e.g., Please dispose of trash properly.

379. Dynamic (Adjective)

e.g., Markets are dynamic and a company must learn to adapt.

380. Eliminate (Verb)

e.g., The company plans to eliminate more than 2,000 jobs in the coming year.

381. Empirical (Adjective)

e.g., They collected plenty of empirical data from their experiments.

382. Equip (Verb)

e.g., More money was needed to train and equip the troops.

383. Extract (Verb)

e.g., He extracted a credit card from his wallet.

384. File (Noun)

e.g., The FBI keeps files on former White House employees.

34
385. Finite (Adjective)

e.g., The speed at which light travels is finite.

386. Foundation (Noun)

e.g., The inspector discovered a crack in the house's foundation.

387. Globe (Noun)

e.g., His fame has spread around the globe.

388. Grade (Noun)

e.g., Her grades are up this semester.

389. Guarantee (Noun)

e.g., The washer comes with a guarantee against major defects.

390. Hierarchy (Noun)

e.g., She worked her way up through the corporate hierarchy to become president.

391. Identical (Adjective)

e.g., The sisters were identical in appearance and character.

392. Ideology (Noun)

e.g., Economic ideology is most strongly predicted by income and other indicators of economic
class position.

393. Infer (Verb)

e.g., From the evidence, we can infer that the victim knew her killer.

394. Innovate (Verb)

e.g., The company innovated a new operating system.

395. Insert (Verb)

e.g., You need to insert a comma between these two words.

35
396. Intervene (Verb)

e.g., The military had to intervene to restore order.

397. Isolate (Verb)

e.g., When he wants to work, he isolates himself in his office and won't talk to anyone.

398. Media (Noun)

e.g., The group owns newspapers, TV stations and other media companies.

399. Mode (Noun)

e.g., Commercial airlines have the lowest accident rate of all transportation modes.

400. Paradigm (Noun)

e.g., Much of modern sociology lacks a paradigm and consequently fails to qualify as science.

401. Phenomenon (Noun)

e.g., Homelessness is not a new phenomenon.

402. Priority (Noun)

e.g., The club’s priority is to win the League.

403. Prohibit (Verb)

e.g., Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the factory.

404. Publish (Verb)

e.g., They are publishing the dictionary on CD-ROM.

405. Quote (Verb)

e.g., He began his speech by quoting Shakespeare.

406. Release (Verb)

e.g., The judge released the prisoner.

36
407. Reverse (Noun)

e.g., Can anything reverse the trend toward higher prices?

408. Simulate (Verb)

e.g., Interviews can be simulated in the classroom.

409. Sole (Adjective)

e.g., The company has the sole rights to market Elton John’s records.

410. Somewhat (Adverb)

e.g., The price is somewhat higher than I expected.

411. Submit (Verb)

e.g., All applications must be submitted by Monday.

412. Successor (Noun)

e.g., Two weeks after the death of Pope John Paul, the cardinals met to elect his successor.

413. Survive (Verb)

e.g., Many businesses are struggling to survive in today's economy.

414. Thesis (Noun)

e.g., He wrote his doctoral thesis on contemporary French literature.

415. Topic (Noun)

e.g., The environment is a popular topic these days.

416. Transmit (Verb)

e.g., The system transmits information over digital phone lines.

417. Ultimate (Adjective)

e.g., Complete disarmament was the ultimate goal of the conference.

37
418. Unique (Adjective)

e.g., Each person’s fingerprints are unique.

419. Visible (Adjective)

e.g., The sign was clearly visible to passing motorists.

420. Voluntary (Adjective)

e.g., She does a lot of voluntary work for the Red Cross.

421. Abandon (Verb)

e.g., How could she abandon her own child?

422. Accompany (Verb)

e.g., Children under 14 must be accompanied by an adult.

423. Accumulate (Verb)

e.g., Sand had accumulated at the mouth of the river and formed a bank which boats could not
pass.

424. Ambiguous (Adjective)

e.g., The document's ambiguous wording makes it very difficult to follow.

425. Append (Verb)

e.g., The results of the client survey are appended to this document.

426. Appreciate (Verb)

e.g., He did not fully appreciate the significance of signing the contract.

427. Arbitrary (Adjective)

e.g., I don't know why I chose that one; it was a completely arbitrary decision.

428. Automate (Verb)

e.g., The company recently automated its filing process.

38
429. Bias (Noun)

e.g., The company was accused of racial bias.

430. Chart (Noun)

e.g., This chart shows last year's sales figures.

431. Clarify (Verb)

e.g., The report aims to clarify how these conclusions were reached.

432. Commodity (Noun)

e.g., Time is a precious commodity.

433. Complement (Noun)

e.g., In ‘John is cold’ and ‘John became chairman’, ‘cold’ and ‘chairman’ are complements.

434. Conform (Verb)

e.g., Students can be expelled for refusing to conform to school rules.

435. Contemporary (Adjective)

e.g., Since its opening in 1978 the gallery has been seen as the main centre for contemporary art
in the city.

436. Contradict (Verb)

e.g., The witness statements contradict each other and the facts remain unclear.

437. Crucial (Adjective)

e.g., The conservation of tropical forests is of crucial importance.

438. Currency (Noun)

e.g., The bank can supply you with foreign currency.

439. Denote (Verb)

e.g., Crosses on the map denote villages.

39
440. Detect (Verb)

e.g., The system is so sensitive that it can detect changes in temperature as small as 0.003
degrees.

441. Deviate (Verb)

e.g., The plane had to deviate from its normal flight path.

442. Displace (Verb)

e.g., Coal has been displaced by natural gas as a major source of energy.

443. Drama (Noun)

e.g., John graduated from drama school in 1997.

444. Eventual (Adjective)

e.g., Sweden were the eventual winners of the tournament.

445. Exhibit (Verb)

e.g., Her paintings have been exhibited all over the world.

446. Exploit (Verb)

e.g., The factory's largely Hispanic workforce is underpaid and exploited.

447. Fluctuate (Verb)

e.g., Prices were volatile, fluctuating between $20 and $40.

448. Guideline (Noun)

e.g., This chapter gives you some guidelines to help you in your work.

449. Highlight (Verb)

e.g., Your résumé should highlight your skills and achievements.

450. Implicit (Adjective)

e.g., Her words contained an implicit threat.

40
451. Induce (Verb)

e.g., Lower interest rates would induce customers to borrow more.

452. Inevitable (Adjective)

e.g., Disease was an inevitable consequence of poor living conditions.

453. Infrastructure (Noun)

e.g., Some countries lack a suitable economic infrastructure.

454. Inspect (Verb)

e.g., Police inspected the scene and interviewed all the staff.

455. Intense (Adjective)

e.g., Young people today are under intense pressure to succeed.

456. Manipulate (Verb)

e.g., The images can be manipulated and stored on disk.

457. Minimize (Verb)

e.g., The rail company is bringing in more trains in an effort to minimize disruption to travelers.

458. Nuclear (Adjective)

e.g., According to the report the country possessed four nuclear reactors.

459. Offset (Verb)

e.g., Cuts in prices for milk, butter, and cheese will be offset by direct payments to farmers.

460. Paragraph (Noun)

e.g., The book is a mixture of all points of view all in one paragraph.

461. Plus (Preposition)

e.g., Three plus six equals nine (3 + 6 = 9).

41
462. Practitioner (Noun)

e.g., John is one of golf’s most experienced practitioners.

463. Predominant (Adjective)

e.g., In this painting, the predominant color is black.

464. Prospect (Noun)

e.g., There are good prospects for growth in the retail sector.

465. Radical (Adjective)

e.g., They are proposing radical changes to the way the company is run.

466. Random (Adjective)

e.g., The research involves collecting data from two random samples.

467. Reinforce (Verb)

e.g., The dam was reinforced with 20,000 sandbags.

468. Restore (Verb)

e.g., The government promises to restore the economy to full strength.

469. Revise (Verb)

e.g., We have revised our estimates of population growth.

470. Schedule (Noun)

e.g., The majority of holiday flights depart and arrive on schedule.

471. Tense (Adjective)

e.g., I always feel tense after driving all day.

472. Terminate (Verb)

e.g., The court ruled that the contract must be terminated.

42
473. Theme (Noun)

e.g., The main theme of the book is the importance of honesty.

474. Thereby (Adverb)

e.g., He became a citizen in 1978, thereby gaining the right to vote.

475. Uniform (Noun)

e.g., He was still wearing his school uniform.

476. Vehicle (Noun)

e.g., Have you locked your vehicle?

477. Via (Preposition)

e.g., We flew to Athens via Paris.

478. Virtual (Adjective)

e.g., The website allows you to take a virtual tour of the art gallery.

479. Visual (Adjective)

e.g., Artists translate their ideas into visual images.

480. Widespread (Adjective)

e.g., The storm caused widespread damage.

481. Accommodate (Verb)

e.g., Over 600 people can be accommodated on the cruise ship.

482. Analogy (Noun)

e.g., Dr. Wood explained the movement of light by analogy with the movement of water.

483. Anticipate (Verb)

e.g., The organizers of the fair anticipate a large crowd.

43
484. Assure (Verb)

e.g., Her doctor has assured us that she’ll be fine.

485. Attain (Verb)

e.g., I would tell them that they could attain levels of quality and customer satisfaction greater
than they had ever imagined.

486. Behalf (Noun)

e.g., Although the under-18s cannot trade shares themselves, adults can buy stakes in collective
investment funds on their behalf.

487. Bulk (Noun)

e.g., For its bulk, the whale is a graceful swimmer.

488. Cease (Verb)

e.g., The fighting along the border has temporarily ceased.

489. Coherent (Adjective)

e.g., His book contains a coherent argument in favor of economic change.

490. Coincide (Verb)

e.g., The show is timed to coincide with the launch of a new book.

491. Commence (Verb)

e.g., Your first evaluation will be six months after you commence employment.

492. Compatible (Adjective)

e.g., Will the software on my PC be compatible with a Mac?

493. Concurrent (Adjective)

e.g., The doctor did not prescribe the concurrent use of two medications.

494. Confine (Verb)

e.g., Her study of bears is confined to those in North America.

44
495. Controversy (Noun)

e.g., The decision aroused much controversy among the students.

496. Converse (Verb)

e.g., At home we often converse in Spanish.

497. Device (Noun)

e.g., The store sells TVs, VCRs, and other electronic devices.

498. Devote (Verb)

e.g., He devoted his energies to writing films.

499. Diminish (Verb)

e.g., These drugs diminish blood flow to the brain.

500. Distort (Verb)

e.g., Tall buildings can distort radio signals.

501. Duration (Noun)

e.g., You should gradually increase the duration of your workout.

502. Erode (Verb)

e.g., Crashing waves have eroded the cliffs along the beach.

503. Ethic (Noun)

e.g., This insight into the ethics of international trade comes from the Geneva-based World
Economic Forum, a research organization.

504. Format (Noun)

e.g., The interview was written in a question and answer format.

505. Found (Verb) Past Tense: Founded Past Participle: Founded

e.g., The company was founded back in 1947.

45
506. Inherent (Adjective)

e.g., They discussed the risks inherent in starting a small business.

507. Insight (Noun)

e.g., The article gives us a real insight into the causes of the present economic crisis.

508. Integral (Adjective)

e.g., Statistics are integral to medical research.

509. Intermediate (Adjective)

e.g., This book is aimed at students at the intermediate level and above.

510. Manual (Adjective)

e.g., The car has a five-speed manual transmission.

511. Mature (Adjective)

e.g., His parents didn't think he was mature enough to live on his own.

512. Mediate (Verb)

e.g., Negotiators are trying to mediate a cease-fire.

513. Medium (Noun)

e.g., Advertising is a powerful medium.

514. Military (Noun)

e.g., Some would insist that the military's budget is still inadequate.

515. Minimal (Adjective)

e.g., The storm caused minimal damage.

516. Mutual (Adjective)

e.g., Mutual love and respect was the key to their successful marriage.

46
517. Norm (Noun)

e.g., She scored well above the norm in math.

518. Overlap (Verb)

e.g., The responsibilities of the two departments overlap in certain areas.

519. Passive (Adjective)

e.g., The student's role in a traditional classroom learning environment is a passive one.

520. Portion (Noun)

e.g., The rent on his portion of the apartment was $500 a month.

521. Preliminary (Adjective)

e.g., Preliminary findings show that the drug could help patients with skin cancer.

522. Protocol (Noun)

e.g., They did not follow the proper diplomatic protocols.

523. Qualitative (Adjective)

e.g., The research involves qualitative analysis of students' performance.

524. Refine (Verb)

e.g., Car makers are constantly refining their designs.

525. Relax (Verb)

e.g., Relax! Everything’s fine.

526. Restrain (Verb)

e.g., He could not restrain the dog from attacking.

527. Revolution (Noun)

e.g., The king knew that there was a threat of revolution.

47
528. Rigid (Adjective)

e.g., People naturally get very frustrated with rigid bureaucracies.

529. Route (Noun)

e.g., It looked as though the most direct route was through the forest.

530. Scenario (Noun)

e.g., Under a likely scenario, world population will double by 2050.

531. Sphere (Noun)

e.g., All points on a sphere are the same distance from the center.

532. Subordinate (Adjective)

e.g., Women had a subordinate status in our society.

533. Supplement (Noun)

e.g., He sometimes eats fish as a supplement to his vegetarian diet.

534. Suspend (Verb)

e.g., The two police officers have been suspended until an enquiry is carried out.

535. Team (Noun)

e.g., They are the worst team in baseball.

536. Temporary (Adjective)

e.g., The drug will give you temporary relief from the pain.

537. Trigger (Verb)

e.g., Smoke triggered the fire alarm.

538. Unify (Verb)

e.g., The creation of the national railroad system unified the country.

48
539. Violate (Verb)

e.g., The company violated its customers' privacy.

540. Vision (Noun)

e.g., She suffered temporary loss of vision after being struck on the head.

541. Adjacent (Adjective)

e.g., The blaze spread to two adjacent buildings before firefighters were able to contain it.

542. Albeit (Conjunction)

e.g., He accepted the job, albeit with some hesitation.

543. Assemble (Verb)

e.g., The aircraft will continue to be assembled in France.

544. Collapse (Verb)

e.g., Uncle Ted’s chair collapsed under his weight.

545. Colleague (Noun)

e.g., I'd like you to meet a colleague of mine, Jean-Michel Blanc from our Paris office.

546. Compile (Verb)

e.g., The report was compiled from a survey of 5,000 households.

547. Conceive (Verb)

e.g., Language may be conceived of as a process which arises from social interaction.

548. Convince (Verb)

e.g., The officials were eager to convince us of the safety of the nuclear reactors.

549. Depress (Verb)

e.g., These changes could depress the economy.

49
550. Encounter (Verb)

e.g., The pilot told us that we might encounter turbulence during the flight.

551. Enormous (Adjective)

e.g., We chose not to undertake the project because of the enormous costs involved.

552. Forthcoming (Adjective)

e.g., Keep an eye on the notice boards for forthcoming events.

553. Incline (Verb)

e.g., The telescope is inclined at an angle of 43 degrees.

554. Integrity (Noun)

e.g., They have vowed to protect the country's territorial integrity.

555. Intrinsic (Adjective)

e.g., Flexibility is intrinsic to creative management.

556. Invoke (Verb)

e.g., The UN threatened to invoke economic sanctions if the talks were broken off.

557. Levy (Verb)

e.g., If the government wishes to raise tax revenue in order to subsidize the poor, it should levy a
tax on films.

558. Likewise (Adverb)

e.g., The clams were delicious. Likewise, the eggplant was excellent.

559. Nonetheless (Adverb)

e.g., The region was extremely beautiful. Nonetheless, Gerard could not imagine spending the
rest of his life there.

560. Notwithstanding (Preposition; Adverb)

e.g., You're rather late getting here, but you're welcome to join us for dinner notwithstanding.

50
561. Odd (Adjective)

e.g., She had an odd look on her face.

562. Ongoing (Adjective)

e.g., There is an ongoing debate over the issue.

563. Panel (Noun)

e.g., A panel of experts has looked at the proposal.

564. Persist (Verb)

e.g., He persisted in his refusal to admit responsibility.

565. Pose (Verb)

e.g., Rising unemployment is posing serious problems for the administration.

566. Reluctance (Noun)

e.g., And, with some initial reluctance the two men shook hands.

567. So-called (Adjective)

e.g., The so-called experts couldn’t tell us what was wrong.

568. Straightforward (Adjective)

e.g., Installing the program is relatively straightforward.

569. Undergo (Verb)

e.g., The country has undergone massive changes recently.

570. Whereby (Adverb)

e.g., The mall created a frequent-shopper plan whereby customers earn discounts.

51