Solved Problems signals and systems

(b) by a graphical method.

Functions h( ), x( ) and h(t   ), x( )h(t   ) for different values of t are sketched in figure below.
We see that x( ) and h(t   ) do not overlap for t  0 and t  5, and hence y (t )  0 for t  0 and
t  5 . For the other intervals, x( ) and h(t   ) overlap. Thus, computing the area under the rectangular
pluses for these intervals, we obtain

Sopapun Suwansawang
Solved Problems signals and systems

Sopapun Suwansawang
Solved Problems signals and systems

4. The continuous-time system consists of two integrators and two scalar multipliers. Write a differential
equation that relates the output y(t) and the input x( t ).

dw(t )
e(t )   a1w(t )  a2 y(t )  x(t ) -------------- (1)
dt
Since w(t ) is the input to the second integrator, we have
dy(t )
w(t ))  -------------- (2)
dt
Substituting Eq. (2) into Eq. (1), we get

d 2 y (t ) dy(t )
 a1  a2 y (t )  x(t )
dt 2 dt
d 2 y (t ) dy(t )
Or  a1  a2 y (t )  x(t )
dt 2 dt

5. The impulse response h[n] of a discrete-time LTI system. (a). Determine and sketch the output y[n] of this
system to the input x[n]. (b) without using the convolution technique.

h[n]   [n]   [n  1]   [n  2]   [n  3]   [n  4]   [n  5] ,
x[n]   [n  2]   [n  4]
x[n]  h[n]  x[n]   [n]   [n  1]   [n  2]   [n  3]   [n  4]   [n  5]
 x[n]  x[n  1]  x[n  2]  x[n  3]  x[n  4]  x[n  5]

Sopapun Suwansawang
Solved Problems signals and systems

y[n]   [n  2]   [n  4]   [n  3]   [n  5]   [n  4]   [n  6]   [n  5]   [n  7]
  [n  6]   [n  8]   [n  7]   [n  9]
  [n  2]   [n  3]  2 [n  6]  2 [n  7]   [n  8]   [n  9]
y[n]  0,0,1,1,0,0,2,2,1,1

6. Consider the discrete-time system. Write a difference equation that relates the output y[n] and the input x[n].

Sopapun Suwansawang
Solved Problems signals and systems

7. Write the input-output equation for the system.

w[n]

w[n  1]
1
w[n]  x[n]  w[n  1] ---------------- (1)
2
y[n]  2w[n]  w[n  1] ---------------- (2)
Solving Eqs.(1) and (2) for w[n] and w[n  1] in term of x[n] and y[n]
1
w[n  1]  y[n]  x[n] ---------------- (3)
2
1 1
w[n]  y[n]  x[n] ---------------- (4)
4 2
Changing n to (n  1) in Eq.(4)
1 1
w[n  1]  y[n  1]  x[n  1] ---------------- (5)
4 2
Thus, equating Eq.(4) and Eq.(5), we have
1 1 1
y[n]  x[n]  y[n  1]  x[n  1]
2 4 2
Multiplying both sides of the above equation by 4
2 y[n]  4 x[n]  y[n  1]  2 x[n  1]
and rearranging terms, we obtain
2 y[n]  y[n  1]  4 x[n]  2 x[n  1]

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