Akhtamov A.A. - Reading Comprehension Tests

Reading
Comprehension
Tests
2014
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Contrary to common knowledge, the water, milk and meat of coconuts only begin the list of uses of
this versatile tree. The outer husk of the ripe nuts contains fibres that, when separated, can be
twisted into twine rope of amazing toughness. It is quite resistant to rot from dampness or seawater.
Despite the advent of nails and screws, this rope continues to be widely used for binding together the
timbers of houses and the parts of canoes, tools and the like. Expert craftsmen can make sizeable
ropes, which, after use, become quite flexible. The inner shell of the ripe nut can be cut and carved
into ladles, scrapers, combs and cups and will take a high polish. Furthermore, the sap of the
coconut can be fermented to make a pleasant tasting wine, while the fresh sap can be used as food
for babies.
1- According to the passage, twine rope………. .
A) can be used for some of the same functions as nails

B) is the best possible material for making small boats
C) cannot be made into small ropes, but only big ones
D) can easily be damaged if not protected from rain and sea water
E) is sometimes used in the manufacture of polishes
2- We learn from the passage that, despite the many uses of the coconut, it is……… .
A) better known among people as a source of food

B) not very profitable for the grower
C) very difficult to grow, harvest and process the nut
D) only the experts who know how to use it to the full
E) most commonly used as a material for making ropes
3- It is clear from the passage that…………. .
A) baby food made from coconut palms contains a bit of alcohol

B) wine made from the coconut palm tastes surprisingly like baby food
C) the same part of the coconut palm is used to make wine and baby food
D) baby food made from the coconut palm has a great nutritive value
E) wine made from the coconut tree tastes better than other types
The central Arctic is an ice mass formed from part of the ocean, whereas the Antarctic is continental.
Surrounding the Arctic are land masses which, in most cases, extend southward to the tropics. The
Antarctic, on the other hand, is the only continent entirely set off from the rest of the world by great
oceans. Furthermore, at some point of man's history, all of the other continents, except Australia,
were joined by land bridges. Even Australia had been easy to reach by canoe. However, the only place
Antarctica even approaches another continent is the long finger of the Antarctic Peninsula, reaching
within 600 miles of Cape Horn, the southernmost tip of South America. In addition to distance, ice
and stormy seas kept anyone from seeing this continent until about 1820.
4- The difference between the Arctic and Antarctic is that…………. .
A) the climate in the Arctic is much more likely to be tropical than that in Antarctic regions
B) the Arctic is frozen water surrounded by land, while the Antarctic is land surrounded by
water
C) it is much easier to sail through the Arctic oceans than the ones around Antarctica
D) the Arctic continent is more easily accessible than the one in the Antarctic region
E) because it's much further north, the Arctic is much colder than the Antarctic
5- We can conclude that………… .
A) with the exception of Australia and Antarctica, it used to be possible to walk between the
other continents
B) Antarctica used to be connected to South America by a land bridge
C) throughout man's history canoes have been the most popular means of travelling to Australia
D) until the construction of a bridge connecting it to the mainland, Australia could only be
reached by boat
E) the coastline of the Antarctic Peninsula is about six-hundred miles long
6- The passage tells us that…………. .
A) South Americans were the first people to set foot on Antarctica
B) the Antarctic Peninsula is the southernmost point of Antarctica
C) at its nearest point, Antarctica is visible from the southernmost point of South America
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D) Antarctica was discovered in the early nineteenth century
E) the first inhabitants of Australia were early explorers
In order to overcome the limits of the nine-to-five schedule and to grant workers increased
independence, thousands of companies have been experimenting with flexible work hour schedules,
or flexitime; with flexitime, workers set their own schedules as long as the hours are compatible with
company needs and are sufficient to complete assignments. Thus one worker may work from seven to
three while another works from ten to six. One variation of flexitime is the four-day work week, in
which workers put in four ten-hour days rather than five eight-hour days. When possible, employees
are allowed to choose their days off, with many choosing three-day weekends.
7- According to the passage, workers on flexitime………… .

A) are free to work whenever they want
B) must still complete their work
C) always work four days a week instead of five
D) usually enjoy working the traditional nine-to-five schedule
E) can carry on their work out of the office, if possible
8- The passage states that one advantage of flexitime is…………. .
A) to force workers to complete their assignments on time
B) to compel workers into working ten-hour days
C) to allow a more flexible dress code
D) to give workers more freedom
E) to make workers on a nine-to-five schedule more efficient
9- The passage tells us that one reason a worker might choose flexitime is…………
A) to avoid colleagues he or she does not like by working different hours
B) to be able to work longer hours and impress his or her boss
C) to earn more money by working more overtime hours
D) to avoid the rush-hour traffic by commuting at different hours from the majority
E) to get a longer weekend in return for longer working days
Painting is the application of some coloured pigment to a surface and has developed into an
expressive art form. The most common types of paints used today are oil paints and water colours.
Most oil painting is done on a prepared canvas or wooden board. Oil paints take several days to dry,
which allows the artist to work and rework on the canvas or other surface in the meantime. Water
colour painting requires a totally different technique. As the name implies, water is the fluid mixed
with the pigments, while paper is the only surface suitable for the paints. Because the water dries
quickly into the paper, the work itself has to be done quickly, and it is difficult to correct mistakes.
Gouache paints are also water-soluble, but stronger in colour and tone than true water colours.
10- The main focus of the passage is……….

A) a history of painting as a type of expressive art form
B) an explanation of why the best artists prefer to use oil paint
C) an explanation of how various paints are manufactured
D) a brief list of some types of paint and a description of their features
E) an argument for the superiority of water colours in art
11- As is stated in the passage, one feature of oil paint is that…………. .
A) it takes a long time to dry, during which time it can be damaged
B) artists must use it on specially prepared surfaces, not on paper
C) it is generally much easier to clean up than water colours are
D) images produced with it can be changed if the paint hasn't dried yet
E) true artists prefer using it to the less artistic water colours
12- It can be inferred from the passage that gouache paints ……….. .
A) are much more expensive than water colours
B) are not considered to be true water colours
C) produce longer lasting paintings than water colours
D) take longer to dry than water colours do
E) are used by more artists than water colours are
About 1500 years ago, King Vaktang Gorgasali shot a peacock while hunting in the dense forests of
the Kura Valley. When he bent down to pick the bird up, he felt the warmth of a hot spring on his
fingers. At once, he announced that this would be the, site of his new city, which he named Thilisi, a
word meaning "warm" in the Georgian language. Later Thilisi replaced Mtskheta as the country's
capital. Since then, Thilisi has become the economic and cultural centre of Georgia. It has an area of
350 square kilometres and a population of 1.5 million, which is comprised mainly of native Georgians
with a number of other peoples, such as Russians, Armenians and Azeri Turks, represented.
13- From the passage, we can determine that………. .

A) the hot springs of Thilisi have since cooled
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B) the Georgian language has changed greatly
C) Mtskheta had to be destroyed to build Thilisi
D) all ancient kings liked hunting and hot springs
E) Thilisi was built some time around 500 AD
14- The passage states that Mtskheta…………

A) was the capital Of Georgia before Thilisi
B) has never been such a major city as Thilisi
C) has no hot springs or dense forests
D) is generally colder than Thilisi
E) was the name given later to Thilisi
15- The author states that within the population of Thilisi, ………… .
A) the number of native Georgiana is 1.5 million
B) there are fewer natives than the outsiders
C) there are several ethnic minorities
D) Azeri Turks form the greatest portion
E) Georgians and Russians are the biggest minorities
An orchestra is a fairly large ensemble of musical instrumentalists. The orchestra, and the history of
orchestral music, is considered to have started with the operas of Claude Monteverdi. Its familiar
composition, divided into four basic groups of instruments - strings, woodwind, brass and percussion
- dates from the second half of the 18th century and is especially connected with the work of Joseph
Haydn. The orchestra grew dramatically in size during the 19th century, from an ensemble of 35
players to a company of well over 100. During the same period, the composition of orchestral music
and the particular use made of individual instruments or groups of them, increasingly became the
hallmark of a composer's individual style.
16- It's mentioned in the passage that ………..

A) Joseph Haydn was a much better composer than Claude Monteverdi
B) opera is an art form that is highly superior to orchestral music
C) Monteverdi's operas are regarded as the first examples of orchestral music
D) the size of orchestras has grown to include too many instruments
E) the larger the orchestra, the better the music it will produce
17- We learn from the passage that individual instruments in orchestras……….. .
A) are all made of either wood or some type of metal
B) were much larger in the 19th century than in the 18th
C) were primarily designed by the composer Haydn
D) always appear in groups of either 35 or 100
E) can be mainly classified into four different types
18- It may be assumed from the information in the passage that………. .
A) music performed with 100 players is no better than that performed with 35
B) composers in the 19th century were known for their characteristic styles
C) it is difficult to determine the composer of a piece of music without being told
D) large groups of composers worked together on most 19th century projects
E) there was little variation in the style of music produced in the 19 th century
That evening we arrived in Delhi, the great walled city of the Mogul Empire, scattered with tombs and
forts, many decayed or built over. Some scholars say that there are seven cities on the sites of Old
and New Delhi, while some say more. The history is rich and stretches back centuries. At one time,
Shah Jahan, the ruler who built the Taj Mahal, reconstructed Old Delhi, restoring large bazars and
streets leading to the fortress. As there was no wall on the eastern side, where the River Yumuna
flows; Delhi was sacked regularly over the centuries, the last time being in the eighteenth century,
when the Persian ruler Nadir Shah looted treasures that included the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-
noor diamond.
19- From the description in the passage, It is apparent that Delhi …….. .
A) is about seven centuries old, according to some scholars
B) has obviously not changed very much since it was first built
C) is an extremely wealthy city, with many rich inhabitants
D) is full of poorly-maintained and neglected historical sites
E) was completely surrounded by walls during the Mogul Empire
20- We understand from the passage that Shah Jahan ……… .
A) was interested in restoration and new buildings
B) was one of the earliest rulers of Old Delhi
C) built the Taj Mahal in the suburbs of Old Delhi
D) constructed several large bazaars as well as a fortress
E) built the Taj Mahal and Old Delhi at the same time
21- From the information in the passage, It is likely that Nadir Shah…….. .
A) entered the city of Delhi from the eastern side
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B) was the first raider to enter Delhi after the 18th century
C) was the only ruler to enter Delhi successfully in centuries
D) paid a lot of money for the goods he got in Delhi
E) only took the Peacock Throne and the Koh-i-noor diamond from Delhi
At the turn of the century, the European powers were hard at work attempting to claim as much
land in Africa as possible. Britain's General Kitchner had pushed through the gates of Khartoum,
and French troops were fighting Moroccans resisting them. A hundred years later, the possessors of
the past have come and gone, and the continent is unfettered from colonialism. It has been a long
and painful march to freedom. The African people have been weighed down beneath the yoke of
historical circumstance and traumatized by some 400 years of a slave trade, which only ended
around 1850. Yet for better or for worse, Africa is finally its own master.
22- The passage makes it clear that a century ago, ………. .
A) Africans achieved freedom by holding protest marches

B) Khartoum won a major victory against Britain's General Kitchner
C) Africa was still mostly unknown to Europeans
D) Europeans were trying to conquer as much of Africa as they could
E) General Kitchner fought against the French in Africa
23- The word "unfettered" probably means……….. .
A) being held as a slave by another country

B) being forced to march from one place to another
C) traumatic historic circumstances
D) the colonisation of a nation by a stronger one
E) to be set free from some control or restraint
24- The author states that……….. .
A) all will be well for Africa now that the colonial powers have departed
B) the British and the French should never have left Africa
C) Africans had to struggle hard for their independence
D) Africa's history provides a firm foundation for the steady growth of its nations
E) most nations in Africa are still ruled by European countries
For hundreds of years, the nomadic Sami reindeer herders of Sweden have taken their animals to the
lowland snow forests over winter and spent the summer in the high Arctic. However, the timber
companies are now excluding them from their winter grazing. The animals survive the cold and snow
by grazing on tree lichens, but the forest owners claim that the reindeer damage their property by
breaking the tops off the young trees, and are using the courts to try to evict them. The Sami
community, on the other hand, say that every village has its own forest areas where they have been
taking their reindeer for hundreds of years, since before the settlers arrived from the south. However,
the Sami have no written language and cannot prove their rights in court as they have no
documents.
25- The conflict described in the passage …...
A) has been building up over many hundreds of years and has now reached a peak
B) has arisen between the traditional inhabitants of the area and the timber industry
C) could be avoided if the Sami were prepared to remain in their native land
D) is about the Sami's use of certain mountain forests which they do not own
E) has only recently arisen because of ecological changes in the disputed area
26- The Sami's reindeer………. .
A) depend on trees for their nourishment during winter

B) have lived permanently in the forests for centuries
C) need the forests in order to shelter from the snow
D) especially like eating the tops of young trees
E) live in the nearby Sami villages when not in the forest
27- The Sami say that their claim to grazing rights in the forests is based on………. .
A) legal papers which the Sami will produce in court
B) the fact that they bought the forests many years ago
C) documents which have unfortunately been lost
D) the fact that they were using the land before anyone else
E) the forest areas being very close to the Sami's own villages
Born in 1898, Paul Robeson was the son of a runaway slave. He was the only black student to try
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out for the Rutgers University football team. In response, the other players beat him up and pulled
out his fingernails. He bore the abuse to prove his worth. He not only graduated at the top of his
class, but had been an All-American, the top honour for a university football player, twice. Within
four years after graduation, he was one of the best-known actors and singers in the United States.
Yet because he was a black man with strong political beliefs, he was forced to spend much of his life
in England, and when he did return to the United States, his passport was taken away.
28- We understand from the passage that …..

A) Paul Robeson was born as a slave
B) the other players on the Rutgers University football team were all white
C) the Rutgers University football team was the best in the country
D) Paul Robeson was the only black student at Rutgers University
E) Paul Robeson abused the other players on the football team
29- It is obvious from the passage that Paul Robeson……….. .
A) had few talents besides playing football
B) was a man of many talents
C) was a determined but not particularly good football player
D) was highly respected in England
E) was a good athlete but an academic failure
30- The passage tells us that, in his football life, Robeson ……. .
A) was only able to play against other university teams a few times
B) failed to accomplish much due to the pressure from white players
C) was rarely given the chance to play in major competitions
D) was physically tortured by the other players in his team many times
E) was chosen the best university football player twice
Touring the monuments to Thailand's past will take the traveller to all parts of the country. Just a
short distance west of Bangkok, for example, stands Phra Pathom Chedi, the world's tallest Buddhist
monument. Travel a little further west and an episode of more recent history is recalled at
Kachanaburi, site of the infamous bridge over the River Kwai. In contrast, north-east Thailand offers
a glimpse of the ancient Khmer civilisation with a number of extremely well-preserved temple ruins,
which rank as the finest surviving Khmer monuments to be seen outside of Cambodia. Elsewhere,
ancient cities and venerable temples bear witness to the kingdom of Lanna, founded in the late 13th
century in northern Thaaand, while in the south traces of the Srivajaya kingdom survive as
testament to one of the most influential of the pre-Thai civilisations.
31- We can conclude from the passage that…………… .

A) the best reason to visit Thailand is to relax on its beautiful beaches
B) the Bridge on the River Kwai is one of the oldest monuments in Thailand
C) most of the historical monuments in Thailand are concentrated in a small area
D) anyone who loves history should enjoy a visit to Thailand
E) Thailand has been an isolated country throughout most of its history
32- Part of the passage implies that………. .
A) the "Khmer" civilisation was probably centred in the country today called Cambodia
B) the world's tallest monument is in Thailand
C) many historical buildings in Thailand are not well-preserved
D) there are world-class facilities for tourists everywhere in Thailand
E) Cambodia has a better-developed tourist industry than Thailand
33- It's clear from the passage that the monuments in Thailand………. .
A) belong to the same period of the nation's history
B) are all within easy reach from the capital
C) are scattered all over the country
D) are all from pre-Thai civilisations
E) attract millions of tourists to the country every year
In a land famous for loving all creatures great and small, one of the smallest - the bat - is not at all
popular in some historic churches. The furry flying mammals, which are strictly protected by British
law, like to bring up their little offspring in the ceilings of old churches. But they can make a terrible
mess of the inside of a church, and have caused irreparable damage to rare medieval paintings,
carvings, and brasswork. The leader of the Movement Against Bats in Churches was quoted as
saying, "Our heritage itself is an endangered species when bats move into churches and use them as
public lavatories day and night."
34- According to the passage, one of the greatest dangers to Britain’s medieval churches is…….. .
A) the air currents caused by flying bats

B) baby bats playing in the ceilings of churches
C) the ignorance of people using their lavatories
D) damage caused by the waste products of bats
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E) public lavatories located near churches
35- It is clear from the passage that………. .
A) British people love all animals, except for bats

B) there is a law against keeping bats as pets
C) bats are the most popular animals in Britain
D) the damage caused by bats is easily repaired
E) the law forbids any disturbance to bats
36- The passage states that Britain is well-known for………… .
A) making its heritage an endangered species

B) its attitude toward furry flying mammals
C) a unique pressure group known as the Movement against Bats in Churches
D) making messes inside its historical churches
E) being extremely fond of animals of all sorts
Babies whose mothers smoke during pregnancy could be at higher risk of growing up to be
criminals, new research suggests. This is the first study to examine the relationship between
mothers who smoke and their children's adult behaviour. The findings were based on data for 4,169
males born in Copenhagen between September 1959 and December 1961. Their arrest records at age
34 were studied. It was discovered that the number of cigarettes their mothers had smoked during
the last third of their pregnancy affected the men's arrests for both violent and non-violent crimes.
This was true even when other possible causes, such as use of alcohol, divorce, income, and home
environment had been taken into consideration.
37- The main idea of the passage is that ……
A) smoking during pregnancy increases the possibility of the child committing crimes in adult
life
B) pregnant women who smoke should be regarded as criminals and be punished
C) 4.169 males were born in Copenhagen between the years 1959 and 1961
D) most criminals are heavy smokers
E) most of the men at age 34 in Copenhagen have arrest records
38- The research mentioned in the passage………… .
A) concentrated on the effects of smoking before and after pregnancy

B) was a repetition of several previous studies, which were inconclusive
C) mainly dealt with the adult behaviour of the children of smoking mothers
D) worked with smoking mothers below the age of 34
E) studied only the last third of a mother's pregnancy
39- From the passage, we can say that the researchers were careful because………. .
A) they monitored the lives of their subjects from birth to age 34

B) they chose subjects who had only committed minor crimes
C) all men born between September 1959 and December 1961 were studied
D) other possible causes of crime were also considered
E) they studied so many men from so many different countries
We are all born with a number of instinctive physical reactions, things we do automatically, which are
called primitive reflexes. One of the most interesting is called "grasp reflex". If you touch the palm of a
baby's hand, the fingers will close around, whatever object is doing the touching. The baby's grip is so
strong that if a baby grasps a rod with both hands, it can be lifted right off the ground. Some
psychologists think that this goes back to our evolutionary past when we had to be able to hang on to
tree branches or to our mother's fur as she moved. The reflex disappears at about six months of age.
40- We understand from the passage that primitive reflexes……….. .

A) are concentrated in the palm of a baby's hand
B) are a way of lifting babies off the ground
C) sometimes disappear after six months
D) are things which we do automatically from the time we are born
E) are objects about which babies' fingers tend to close
41- It is clear from the passage that………….. .
A) human babies are good at hanging on to tree branches

B) psychologists make babies hang from tree branches to test their theories
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C) until six months of age babies think their mothers have fur
D) very young babies are sometimes stronger than we might think
E) only people living in primitive conditions have reflexes
42- According to some psychologists, …….. .
A) "grasp reflex" can be explained by the evolutionary phases of the human species
B) a baby's grip is much stronger among the members of primitive societies
C) lifting a baby off the ground provides good exercise for growing babies
D) babies instinctively hang onto their mothers
E) human beings are all born with a number of instinctive physical reactions
Have you ever wondered where the expression O.K., which it means all right, comes from
originally? In one amusing story the expression is attributed to the American President Andrew
Jackson who, like many before and after him, was a soldier by occupation. Unlike most presidents
these days, who have spent many years at college, Jackson’s education was not as complete as his
military training and it is said his spelling was not as good as it should have been. Of course, a
great many papers were given to the president to sign but he did not want to write much at the
bottom of these papers so, when he agreed with what was written, he would simply write O.K. on
the paper because President Jackson believed the spelling of “All Correct” to be ‘Orl Kerekt”, or
O.K. for short!
43- We can infer from the passage that ……………

A) in America, generals used to become presidents later in their lives.
B) in the past high ranked people in the army didn’t need to attend the higher education
C) because of frequent wars, sometimes uneducated people became commanders
D) it is difficult to guess the correct spelling of the initials O. K. because the original words were
misspelt.
E) to become a president in America one needn’t have attended the university.
44- It is stated in the passage that ……………
A) Andrew Jackson is the inventor of O. K.
B) Andrew Jackson was an amusing person, so that he signed the documents as O. K. which
means “I agree”.
C) when you agree with somebody on something it’s enough to say O. K.
D) to become a soldier one should go to the college in America.
E) presidents sign many papers every day so they just write O. K. instead of a signature.
45- We can infer from the passage tat ……………
A) there is an age limit to be elected an MP or president in many countries.
B) one can use initials or shorthand instead of writing too many words.
C) most presidents in the world today are the graduates of the higher education
D) people, soldiers by occupation, shouldn’t become presidents.
E) many countries have soldier-presidents in the case of martial law.
The most important match of the English football season was on last weekend. Manchester United,
the favourites, were playing Everton, another team from the North of England. My father has been an
Everton fan since he was a young boy, but unfortunately I wasn’t there to watch the match with him
as I’m studying abroad. A group of about fifteen English students met in French College bar to cheer
our teams. None of us could believe it when the presenter appeared and apologised for not being able
to get a picture. Instead we were shown a long stretch of adverts. Every so often the presenter would
appear again to apologise for the lack of picture. At half-time I phoned home and asked what the
score was. My dad was full of joy. Apparently Everton had got a goal in the thirtieth minute.
Fortunately we could see the second half, so we watched Everton win the Cup.
A) father and son support different teams.
B) the writer couldn’t watch the match in the stadium in England because he was attending a
school in France.
C) Manchester United is a better team than Everton
D)the writer and his 14 friends came together to watch the film at school.
E) the writer always goes to the matches with his father
47- The author states that ……………
A) they could watch only the second half of the match
B) Everton scored a goal in the second half.
C) it was a semi-final match
D)he understood Manchester scored a goal in the thirtieth minute because his father was full of
joy.
E) his father used to support Manchester when he was a young boy.
48- It is clearly understood from the passage that …………
A) commercials frequently interrupted the broadcast of the match
B) they couldn’t watch the first half because of the lack of the broadcast.
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C) in France they put many adverts while broadcasting the match
D)the presenter often appeared on the screen to say that they would have to broadcast
commercials because of the law.
E) English and French students watched the match together.
Big Ben is in fact the bell which tolls on the hour in the clock tower of the Houses of Parliament and
not, as is commonly supposed, the tower and clock itself. It is thought to have been named after Sir
Benjamin Hall. The bell was completed on April 10 th, 1858. With a weight of more than 13 tons, it
was the heaviest bell in Britain at that time. It began striking the time in July, 1859, but cracked
later that year and was consequently silent for the next three years. The crack is plainly visible even
today. An electric motor is now used to wind the clock mechanism, and checks with Greenwich
Observatory that have rarely shown an error of more than one second. On some occasions the clock
has stopped accidentally, but seldom due to mechanical problems. Radio made Big Ben a symbol,
and on New Year’s Eve in 1923 Big Ben made its first broadcast. It has been heard nightly ever since.

A) Big Ben is a bear which stars in the films.
B) Big Ben is a tower and a clock in the Houses of Parliament.
C) Big Ben rarely shows an error of more than one second according to the Greenwich
Observatory
D)Big Ben had a crack in 1859 and never worked again.
E) Big Ben is the symbol of London.
50- We can understand from the passage that ……………
A) The bell, Big Ben, restarted to toll in 1862.
B) the crack in the bell was invisible but it prevented it from working for three years.
C) in Europe there are clock towers in the city centres.
D)when it was manufactured, electric motor was used to wind the clock mechanism.
E) Benjamin Hall completed the bell on April 10th 1858.
A) since 1862 the clock has never needed a repair.
B) Big Ben, which is also a name of a radio has been broadcasting since 1923.
C) the clock has never stopped due to mechanical problems for more than a century.
D)TVs and radios get the exact time from Big Ben.
E) the clock and the radios started their activities at the same year.
There are people who spend years suffering from an illness which doctors are not usually
sympathetic towards. Hypochondria is a medical term which describes a highly abnormal level of
worry about your health. Sufferers regularly visit their doctors with complaints of serious symptoms
which doctors cannot explain. Hypochondriacs are always pessimistic about their health and often
imagine that they are suffering from dangerous or incurable diseases. They waste the valuable time of
doctors when really they are perfectly healthy. Sufferers can be taught to control their anxiety
through relaxation techniques.

A) sufferers of hypochondria can be cured by using relaxation techniques.
B) scientists haven’t found out the cure for the hypochondria
C) hypochondriacs are anxious for almost everything
D)if people are alone and always think themselves it results in hypochondria .
E) hypochondriacs are defined as mentally ill but biologically healthy people.
53- It is obvious in the passage that ……………
A) hypochondriacs look for a cure to their illness from the religious people.
B) hypochondriacs are afraid of visiting doctors.
C) doctors can’t cure hypochondriacs
D)scientists are still trying to find a cure to the illness
E) people who are pessimistic and worried about their health, and also often imagine that they
have incurable dangerous diseases are called hypochondriacs.
54- Doctors are not sympathetic towards the hypochondriacs because ……………
A) they don’t pay enough money comparing with the time they take.
B) they are not satisfied with the cure the doctors provide.
C) they can’t find a solution; neither can the science.
D)they go to the doctors not only when they are ill but also when they are healthy.
E) they don’t want to deal with an incurable dangerous illness.
Thank you for your letter of 25 th March informing us of the faulty equipment we sent to you. We
would like to express our deep regret for the error, together with an explanation of what happened.
There was a mix-up with the orders at the manufacturing plant and they sent us the wrong
equipment already packaged and sealed. Our clerk failed to check the equipment inside and
carelessly sent on the box to you. We assure you the actual equipment is not faulty but simply the
wrong model. We would like you to accept our sincere apologies for the incident and we promise that
this will not happen again. Please find enclosed a cheque for all the shipping and transportation costs
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as well as a cheque for $200 for inconvenience caused. We hope you will continue to do business with
us in the future.

A) this is probably a reply from the marketing manager to the customer.
B) customers look for their rights.
C) customer is always right.
D)markets have to take back the faulty equipments.
E) markets pay for any inconvenience.
A) there was misunderstanding about the order at the market.

B) the clerk checked the equipment but he ignored the mix up.
C) no one can open the parcel after it has been packaged and sealed.
D)there was misunderstanding at the factory.
E) they generally open the package and check whether it is the right equipment or not.
57- We can conclude from the passage that ………
A) at the manufacturing plant they prepared the right equipment but it was a different model.
B) they will send the correct equipment later.
C) they have sold out the models the customer wanted.
D)most markets compensate the faulty equipments.
E) according to the customer’s rights markets have to change the faulty equipments without any
reason.
Whatever else Christmas may stand for, one thing it still means is eating. Christmas has
traditionally been a time of the year when people have tried to cheer themselves up during the cold
months of winter. Last year more than 10 million turkeys were bought in Britain alone during the
festive season working. A way to satisfy the nation’s appetite. Health experts may continue to
complain about all this self-indulgence, but they fail to realise that there is nothing new about
celebratory feasting, particularly at this time of year. The Roman Saturnalia, which was
supposedly a festival to honour the god of agriculture, started on 19 December. Among other
things, the Saturnalia involved lighting candles and giving gifts. People who had spent the whole
year saving money suddenly became extravagant. In addition to exchanging gifts, this time of year
was also an occasion for masters and slaves alike to eat excessively. At one Saturnalia feast an
emperor is reported to have spent the equivalent of £600,000 on a dinner for twelve guests which
consisted of twenty courses and lasted all day. So, when mealtime comes round on 25 December,
there’s no point in having a guilty conscience. In fact the occasional seasonal feast may promote
good health and stop year-round overeating.

A) Christmas looks very much like the Islamic festivals because they both have the tradition of
eating, cheering up and giving things.
B) Christmas stands for the birth date of Jesus Christ.
C) there is not an exact date for Christmas.
D) at Christmas people eat so much that health experts generally complain about it.
E) turkeys are the symbol of Christmas celebrations.
59- The author states that……………
A) people start eating on 19th December.

B) one needn’t have a guilty conscience about eating because during the year don’t overeat.
C) traditional Christmas meal consists 20 courses and lasts all day.
D) in many countries, Christmas and New Year are thought to be same.
E) at Christmas “Noel Baba” is supposed to deliver presents to children.
60- It is stated in the passage that the Roman
Saturnalia ……
A) in the Roman era, people enabled to become so extravagant that they would start to buy
presents to each other.
B) lasts two weeks by eating all days giving presents to each other.
C) was an occasion to honour the god of agriculture.
D) was the occasion for the master to give their slaves freedom.
E) was a chance for people to eat big meals presented by the emperor.
Today English is, without doubt, the world’s most important language. One in ten people speak it as
their mother tongue and it has a larger vocabulary than any other language. English belongs to the
11
lndo-European family of languages, which developed from a parent language first spoken about five
thousand years ago in central-northern Europe. From there, it spread to the rest of Europe and the
Middle East, and over time it developed into a series of new tongues. One of these was Primitive
Germanic, which later split into old English, Dutch, German and the Scandinavian lan guages. Old
English was later heavily influenced by French following the Norman invasion in the eleventh
century. Then, in the sixteenth century, due to the invention of printing, the increase in opportunities
for education and the growth of international trade and communication, this form of English, which
is known as Middle English, changed into the language we now speak, Modern English. Language
change continues to the present day, although since 1800 the major area of change has been in
vocabulary rather than grammar. Events such as the Industrial Revolution and the two world wars
are among the reasons for the expansion of vocabulary. Another factor is the growing influence of the
media.
A) nine out of ten people speak English as a second language.

B) English is the mother tongue of 10 % of people in the world.
C) English comes second as a mother tongue after Chinese which more than one billion people
speak.
D) English was the mother tongue for the people in the medieval era.
E) English grammar has never changed for 1800 years.

A) in the past English had a larger vocabulary than any other languages.
B) Primitive Germanic faded over time and now it is not used any more.
C) modern English differs from the Middle and Old English in the number of vocabulary and
grammar.
D) English originated from a language which was first spoken in Europe in 3000 BC.
E) there is much vocabulary from Indian because English belongs to the Indo-European language
group.
A) although vocabulary in the language expands, grammar remains the same.
B) in the history, English is seen in the order of Primitive Germanic, Old English, Middle English
and Modern English
C) English Grammar and vocabulary have changed in the last centuries because invention of
printing, education, international trade and communication have had great influence on it.
D) in the European countries one can travel only knowing English.
E) English is spoken in the middle-east, Africa and far-east. Because England had colonies in
those continents.
Andrew Wyeth is an American realist artist. His picture of a Pennsylvania boy riding his new bicycle,
entitled ‘Young America', is painted with a high degree of precision and attention to detail. Its first
impression is one of freedom, for the boy cycles with ease over the flat landscape. However, the land
and the sky are both without event, and while this means that there is nothing to detract from the
rider, it also suggests that he is passing through an empty world. The boy is looking out of the picture
and away from the viewer; whatever he is gazing at can be guessed but not seen. The colours of the
picture are soft, and the largest area is a neutral grey. The chief impression is one of melancholy.
64- From the description of the painting, we understand that.......
A) the artist paints in a bold, impressionistic style

B) the painting is an abstract work, resembling nothing real
C) the artist paints in a detailed, true-to-life style
D) Wyeth paints what he feels, regardless of detail
E) the picture is painted in a very old fashioned style
65- We may gather from the description that.......
A) all the colours used in this painting have faded in time

B) the only colour used in this painting is grey
C) the artist has used bright, contrasting colours
D) the precision of details in the picture may disturb the viewer
E) the colours in this painting are not bright
12
66- According to the author when you look at this painting keenly.......
A) the eyes of the boy look straight into yours

B) the main thing you'll feel is a sense of freedom
C) your attention will be held by the background
D) the major image you'll receive is one of sadness
E) you'll see the boy looking at another person
In the history of public opinion research, no poll has ever gained so much notoriety as that conducted
in 1936 by Literary Digest magazine. More than 10 million ballots were sent to readers to get their
preferences in the upcoming presidential election between Franklin Roosevelt and Alfred Landon. The
returns indicated that Landon would win easily. This poll was contradicted by separate statistical
samplings taken by Gallup and Roper, which pointed to a Roosevelt victory. Roosevelt won in the first
great landslide, that is, overwhelming victory, election of the 20th century. The problem was in the
method of polling. The Digest poll was a kind of survey called a straw poll, which was completely non-
scientific. The Gallup and Roper polls, by contrast, were more recently devised and were carefully
calculated statistical samplings.
67- The Literary Digest poll La 1936 became notorious because.......
A) its result was different from the result of Gallup and Roper's polls
B) its results were completely wrong, due to an inaccurate system
C) the ballots were sent to the readers through the postal service
D) it was asking people who would win the presidential election
E) it asked its readers who they would vote for, before the election
68- In the author's opinion, in 1936, Gallup and Roper.......
A) pointed out the faults in the straw poll system

B) ran a rival magazine to Literary Digest
C) wanted Franklin Roosevelt to win the election
D) had an up-to-date and superior polling system
E) didn't have a very scientific system for polling
69- Roosevelt won the election.......
A) despite the result of the Gallup and Roper samplings
B) and became President with a large majority of the vote
C) in the twentieth century's first presidential election
D) due to the support of Gallup and Roper's polling system
E) as indicated by the Literary Digest magazine's poll
Food preservation systems in general slow down or stop the growth of micro organisms, but not all
micro organisms are harmful. Some, in fact, are commonly used in preservation. In the process
known as fermentation, micro organisms convert carbohydrates to acid. Salt, or a brine solution
made with salt, is also used. The amount of salt used determines whether or not any organism can
grow and what types will grow. Fermented products are left in containers with salt solutions for
several weeks in rooms with carefully controlled temperatures. Each group of micro organisms has an
optimum temperature for growth which the processor must maintain so that correct fermentation
action will take place. Fermented foods include pickles made of fruits and vegetables, wine and beer,
cheeses, vinegar, and pickled meats.
70- We learn from the passage that micro organisms .......
A) are prevented totally from developing in the process of food preservation

B) are employed in all the methods of food preservation
C) are often preserved and used to make certain types of foods
D) may be either useful or dangerous to human beings
E) can only develop and grow in a heated environment
71- In the process of fermentation described in the passage.......
A) a combination of salt, water and micro organisms is heated

B) acid must be added to the existing carbohydrates in the food
C) micro organisms are allowed to grow up to a desired level
D) carbohydrates slow down or stop the growth of micro organisms
E) micro organisms must be added to the product over several weeks
13
72- The author tells us that in order to create products fermented using salt....................
A) the food should be contained in salt water at set temperatures

B) it is important that no water is added during the process
C) the room containing the products should be kept very warm
D) the growth of micro organisms must be completely stopped
E) only a small quantity of salt should be used for the best results
Temporarily losing your voice is common enough, especially in winter, when throats suffer from
coughs and colds and dry, heated atmospheres! Teachers, lecturers, lawyers and other professionals
whose work involves talking are especially vulnerable to vocal strain, while dropping the vocal pitch to
be softer, hardening it to give authority or raising it to be heard can all cause damage. Emotional
stress, smoking and drinking alcohol and throat infections are all possible causes of vocal loss, while
some drugs, such as anti-histamines, can alter voice quality. For those whose voice is their tool, the
best advice when acute throat illness strikes is to stay off work, drink plenty of water, suck glycerine
sweets and take steam inhalations at least twice a day.
73- The writer claims that.......
A) almost all people lose their voices during winter

B) coughs and colds are caused by dry, heated atmospheres
C) it is not unusual for people to lose their voices for a time
D) people only lose their voices during the winter months
E) only people with certain jobs are likely to lose their voices
74- The author warns that your voice may be harmed if .......
A) you work in any professional occupation

B) your voice is naturally rather soft and deep
C) you work for an authoritarian boss
D) your personality is particularly hard
E) you have to struggle to be audible
75- The passage states that while you are taking certain drugs like anti-histamines,...............
A) you must take care not to strain your throat too much
B) you may find the sound of your voice changes a bit
C) you should drink lots of water and suck glycerine sweets
D) it is important not to smoke or to drink alcohol
E) you will inevitably suffer from vocal loss or vocal strain
Tourists whose plane careered off a runway after brake failure are suing their holiday company over
post-traumatic stress in what they claim is the first case of its kind. More than 20 passengers on the
Manchester-to-Ibiza flight have so far signed up with a lawyer to claim damages from First Choice
holidays. They allege that their experience has left them psychologically scarred, with many
passengers suffering from flashbacks, nightmares and difficulty in sleeping and concentrating. But
the company says it offered adequate counselling and support for those involved both at the time and
after their return to the United Kingdom. Their airbus jet apparently overshot the runway on landing
due to brake failure, leaving some passengers with minor injuries.
76- The tourists .......
A) think that the travel company has been very unkind to them
B) are becoming stressed because of their legal situation
C) were involved in an accident that took place at Ibiza Airport
D) are suing the company because they had a terrible holiday
E) have suffered a lot because of the badly-organised holiday
77- The incident .......
A) happened because the plane had difficulty stopping

B) was a minor accident at Manchester Airport
C) was not a major one because only twenty passengers were injured
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D) has not yet been proved to have occurred
E) occurred when the airplane couldn't stop and hit a service bus
78- The travel company.......
A) has hired a lawyer to obtain the passengers' signatures

B) has already paid compensation to the passengers
C) claims that the passengers didn't need help after this incident
D) left some of the injured passengers in Spain after the accident
E) feels that it did enough to help passengers after the incident
The worst condition of Antarctic flying is called the "white out." Pilots have said it is like "flying in a
bowl of milk." Atmospheric conditions make the snow and sky appear to blend together. There is no
horizon, which leaves them without any visible check point above or below the airplane. Despite these
handicaps, aviation is vital to polar exploration. Airplane flights, however, cannot be used for getting
many kinds of information. Plant and animal life cannot be studied from the air. An air observer
cannot make detailed examinations of mineral deposits, and he cannot obtain records of weather
conditions in stormy times when airplanes cannot be flown. For all such studies, men must still work
on the ground.
79- One may assume from the passage that one of the most dangerous features of a 'white out' is
that...............
A) the pilots cannot see their base, and therefore, lose their way
B) the pilot cannot use the horizon in order to check his position
C) the atmosphere in the plane is bad, causing mental confusion
D) the snow blinds the pilots temporarily, so they lose control
E) the pilot cannot see above or below the plane during the flight
80- It is clear from the passage that Antarctic flying.......

A) is not very useful, for a number of reasons
B) is essential, but does not replace all ground staff
C) can be useful for all purposes, except in a 'white out’
D) is much too dangerous to be of any real use
E) proves most useful to exploration during 'white outs'
81- The men working on the ground in the Antarctic.......
A) only work when the planes cannot fly
B) are much more useful than the aviators
C) concentrate particularly on plant and animal life
D) gather data which can't be obtained from the air
E) have a more difficult task than the pilots
When hypnosis first claimed the attention of scientists, it was called animal magnetism or
mesmerism, after Franz Mesmer of Vienna. In the late 18 th, century, Mesmer claimed to use it to heal
certain nervous ailments. For many years, mesmerism was denounced by medical practitioners and
generally associated with stage performances, fraud and superstition. In the 19th century, before the
discovery of anesthetics, physicians began to use mesmerism in surgery. They found that a deeply
hypnotized patient would lie perfectly still and appear unaffected by pain. Around 1840, a doctor
named James Braid coined the term hypnosis, which means a "nervous sleep." The new name was
more acceptable than mesmerism, with its implications of fraud, and it soon supplanted the older
term.
82- The author informs us that Franz Mesmer.......
A) was criticised by other medical practitioners because he used animals in his experiments
B) cheated people by claiming that he would cure their ailments
C) used to perform his method on the stage regularly .
D) said he could cure some conditions through the method now called hypnosis
E) was a famous 18th century scientist, who made great contributions to medicine
83- The passage implies that mesmerism.......
15
A) was widely employed by the medical profession in the late 1700s
B) led to the discovery of anaesthetics by the medical world
C) was only used on animals until around the 19th century
D) was illegal until the 19th century, when it became respectable
E) was initially thought by most doctors to have no medical value
84- Dr James Braid.......
A) renamed mesmerism, giving it its current name

B) was the first doctor to use hypnosis on himself
C) changed the process of hypnosis, making it more useful
D) reinvented hypnosis in a form which was medically acceptable
E) bought the rights to the art of hypnosis for medical use
There are signs of the arrogance of power in the way Americans act when they go to foreign countries.
Foreigners frequently comment on the contrast between the behaviour of Americans at home and
abroad: in their own country, people say, they are hospitable and considerate, but as soon as they get
outside their own borders, something seems to get into them and wherever they are, they become
noisy and demanding and they strut around as if they owned the place. One reason Americans may
act as though they "own the place" is that in many places they very nearly do: American companies
may dominate large segments of a country's economy; American products are advertised on
billboards and displayed in shop windows; American soldiers may be stationed in the country, and
even if they are not, the population are probably well aware that their survival depends on the
wisdom with which America uses her immense military power. I think that when any American goes
abroad, he carries an unconscious knowledge of all this power with him and it affects his behaviour.
85- According to general opinion, ……….
A) Americans should stay within their own borders

B) very few countries welcome Americans as tourists
C) the American government has no right to station its troops overseas
D) Americans behave differently when they are overseas
E) Americans make the most unpleasant tourists in the world
86- The writer states that Americans behave arrogantly in foreign countries because .............
A) they become aware of their country's influence around the world
B) they cannot find the same levels of hospitality and consideration as they can at home
C) they have greater spending power than tourists from other countries
D) they only visit places which actually belong to the U.S.A.
E) they receive a lower standard of service than they do at home
87- The writer ……….
A) is against the stationing of American soldiers around the globe
B) admits that there is some justification for the way Americans behave abroad
C) feels threatened by the arrogant behaviour of American tourists
D) prefers having contact with Americans when they are in their own homes
E) believes that American influence around the world is excessive
The very name of Bali conveys an aura of magic, and this island paradise amply fulfils all
expectations. One of the reasons for Bali's position as Indonesia's number one tourist destination is
undoubtedly its great scenic beauty — majestic mountains, tranquil lakes, lush green rice terraces,
dense tropical jungles and glorious beaches — but it's the unique charm of the Balinese themselves
which makes a holiday in Bali so unforgettable. Their deep religious beliefs permeate every aspect of
their daily lives, and are instilled in all their ancient ways — the grace and beauty of their dance, the
joy of their music, the colour and spectacle of their ceremony, their innate skills as artists and
craftsmen, and their extraordinary hospitality and friendliness. Bali's constant sunshine, combined
with its rich, unending variety of new sights and experiences, will cast a spell on you to last a lifetime.
88- The writer states that, in Bali……….
A) traditions are so strong that there is no progress

B) the sun shines all the time
C) there are many who practise witchcraft
D) religious ceremonies involving dance are held daily
E) magic is an important factor in people's lives
89- In every thing they do, the Balinese……….
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A) are influenced by their religion
B) aim to please the tourist
C) carry themselves very gracefully
D) cast spells to keep evil away
E) are governed by their natural surroundings
90- According to the writer, ……….
A) the only destination for tourists in Indonesia is Bali

B) Bali is the most beautiful place on earth
C) if you visit Bali once, you will return there every holiday for the rest of your life
D) the practice of magic is still very common in Bali
E) no one is disappointed when they visit the island of Bali
International terrorism is not part of a general human problem. It is a specific and identifiable
problem on its own. And because it is specific and identifiable, because it can be isolated from the
context that breeds it, it is a remediable problem. That is the first point to get clear. To say it is
remediable is not to underestimate the size and danger of the problem. On the contrary, it is almost
impossible to exaggerate the threat that terrorism poses for our civilization.
91- One point stressed firmly in the passage is that…….
A) the survival of our civilization has never been at stake throughout history
B) of all the human problems, terrorism is the most difficult to cope with
C) terrorism is inseparably related to other human problems
D) international problems is a phenomenon that can be dealt with effectively
E) most people tend to underestimate the need to fight terrorism
92- What distinguishes international terrorism from the main body of human problems is that it is
…………
A) recurrent and widespread

B) exaggerated but ignored
C) underestimated yet feared
D) specific and identifiable
E) only recognizable when isolated
93- Though it is asserted in the passage that terrorism can be remedied ……….
A) the ability of civilization to overcome it is assured

B) the main emphasis is on the enormity of the problem
C) this can only be achieved within the context of all other human problems
D) too much exaggeration of the problem could prevent this
E) the circumstances that feed it will produce even greater problems
Of the causes of cancer, tobacco is the most important and the best understood in terms of its
malignant effects. Diet, on the other hand, is probably of comparable importance, but the data on
its epidemiological impact are much less reliable. In terms of factors which protect against cancer,
these are not well understood, although B-carotene, vitamin A and pentose fibre all exert some
protection directly or indirectly. It is possible that an important contribution to the future
prevention of cancer will come from the prescription of protective measures, whereas proscription
of harmful factors or activities could prove unpopular and ineffective.
94- Among the causes of cancer, it seems likely that …………

A) the effects of tobacco are indirect and secondary
B) tobacco will remain the single important factor
C) diet is actually as important as tobacco
D) nearly all the data are extremely unreliable
E) a better understanding of dietary factors will not be fruitful
17
95- In the passage, it is suggested that the control of cancer …………
A) is dependent equally on prescriptive and proscriptive

B) can be effected only by indirect methods
C) can best be realized by the proscription of harmful factors
D) is outside the realm of possibility
E) is more likely to be achieved by preventive measures than by cutting out harmful factors
96- From the passage, we can understand that …………
A) the effect of diet on cancer is understood to be minimal

B) there is much more to be learnt about the relationship between cancer and diet
C) of the vitamins only A provides any direct protection against cancer
D) efforts to control cancer have very often proved harmful
E) the data concerning the malignant effects of tobacco are far from reliable
Throughout the year, chimpanzee food is quite varied, but it is mainly vegetable material. At times,
however, Gombe Park is loaded with insects—termites, ants, caterpillars—and the chimpanzees
will eat huge numbers of them. The chimpanzees’ really remarkable behaviour appears when they
gather termites. According to Suzuki and Van Lawick-Goodall, when chimpanzees see that termites
have pushed open their tunnels on the surface, they will go off to find a suitable termiting tool. It
may look simple, but the job takes skill and patience.
97- The author states in the passage that the chimpanzees’ most remarkable behaviour can best be
seen …………
A) when they are hungry.

B) as they are resting.
C) when they are looking for termites.
D) in the spring.
E) before they attack their prey
98- According to the author, when chimpanzees gather termites they show …………
A) a dependence on each other.

B) remarkable strength.
C) understanding and caring.
D) ability and persistence.
E) independence on each other.
99- One can infer from the passage tat …………
A) chimpanzees are carnivores.
B) chimpanzees are herbivorous.
C) they don’t choose any special food.
D) Chimpanzees feed on insects.
E) Chimpanzees are very skilful and patient animals.
For a brief interlude in American history, between the passing of the Indian and the buffalo and the
entry of the farmer and the barbed-wire fence, the Great Plains witnessed the most picturesque
industrial drama ever staged—the drama of the open range and the cattle ranch. If the Southern
planter could once claim that cotton was king, the Western cattle rancher could proclaim with equal
fervour that grass was king. For the time being, at least, the plains were one limitless, fenceless,
gateless pasture of rich, succulent, and ownerless grass that was there for the taking. Within an
incredibly short period the herds of bison had been replaced and outnumbered by the herds of cattle.
100- The author’s main point in this passage is that …………

A) this was a profitable time for western cattle ranchers
B) the Great Plains is a good place for cattle grazing
C) cotton was as important to the South as grass to the West
D) during this time the pastureland was industrialized
E) one could use this area for farming
101- According to the passage, a notable characteristic of the Great Plains at this time was …………
18
A) its lack of industry
B) the large number of buffalo found there
C) its openness
D) its opportunities for farmers
E) its availability for settling down.
102- The author implies in the passage that the character of the Great Plains …………
A) remains unchanged today
B) changed with the coming of the farmer
C) is no longer picturesque
D) is similar to that of the South
E) changed with the industry
Until recently, few people went cycling, but during the last few years more bikes have been sold in
Britain than cars. Now approximately two million are bought each year, the majority of which are
mountain bikes. There are over 500 different models to choose from and the prices vary enormously.
The cheapest can be bought for under £200, while you will need over £4,000 for a bike at the top end
of the range. The reason for this difference is the quality of the frame. Bikes costing less than £350
are not recommended since they are very heavy and therefore not much fun to ride. Furthermore,
they often break because they are not very well made. The more expensive models are much lighter
because they are made of metals like aluminium. When buying a new bike it is best to go to a
specialist bike shop rather than a toy shop or garage. One reason for this is that a specialist will
make sure that the bike fits you properly, as a bike which is the wrong size can be both
uncomfortable and dangerous. To reduce the risks of injury, cyclists are advised to wear a helmet.
Although bikes travel at slower speeds than motorbikes, you can still suffer serious injuries to the
head if you fall off.
103- The author states that recently ……………
A) many people have bought bikes especially mountain bikes in Britain.

B) more cars have been sold than bikes in the UK.
C) over 500 different models of bikes have been produced.
D) prices of bikes have been increasing rapidly.
E) more people have been going cycling
A) people prefer the cheaper bikes because they can’t afford the expensive ones.
B) the more expensive the bikes become, the more quality they are.
C) the more expensive models are much stronger and heavier because they are made of metals.
D) you can buy a good second hand car with the money you pay for the most expensive bike.
E) people prefer mountain bikes because they go mountaineering.
105- It is mentioned in the passage that when buying a new bike it is best to go to a special bike
shop ……………
A) as cyclists should wear a helmet to reduce the risk of injuries.

B) because they give you a bike at a speed you prefer.
C) if you want to buy a comfortable and safe one.
D) because uncomfortable and dangerous bikes are generally the wrong size.
E) because they give you a helmet free of charge.
For the first time after the Apollo moon landings, NASA is launching a mission into outer space to
bring back extraterritorial material. This time, NASA is going after comet and interstellar dust.
"Stardust", the robotic spacecraft that will collect the tiny grains, is scheduled for a journey of seven
years that will cover 5.1 billion kilometres. It is NASA's first attempt to bring back pieces of a comet.
This particular comet, Wild-2, rarely came close to the Sun until the 1970s, and so still should
contain the original, frozen components of the solar system. By studying samples from this well-
preserved comet, scientists hope to better understand how icy, rocky comets may have provided the
water and organics necessary for life to form on the Earth, and possibly elsewhere.
106- According to the passage, so far,......
A) the Apollo spacecraft has brought back several pieces of comets

B) NASA has regularly sent missions to bring back material from outer space
C) the "Stardust" spacecraft has completed some other major missions
19
D) pieces of a comet haven't been brought back from space by NASA
E) the comet Wild-2 has never come close to the Sun
107- The passage suggests that the Wild-2 comet ..........
A) came close to the Sun for the first time in 1970

B) travels about 5.1 billion kilometres every seven years
C) was discovered in the 1970s
D) probably consists partly of frozen material
E) is the first comet to come dangerously close to the Earth
108- Scientists wish to study the comet because it ........
A) seldom comes near the Sun

B) is full of extraterritorial material
C) could help them explain how life started
D) is considered to be the oldest comet in the universe
E) may melt if it goes too close to the Sun
In order to avoid the traditional form, writers like the Irishman James Joyce tried to find other
structures around which to build their novels. Joyce broke away from the regular beginning, middle,
and end technique of earlier writers with his novel 'Ulysses . Using the Greek mythology contained in
The Odyssey', written by Homer, Joyce devised a completely new technique which combined Greek
mythology with tales of modem life. In the novel, the adventures of Homer s Ulysses are paralleled to
the happenings of one day in the life of a group of characters in Dublin, Ireland. As this novel shows,
if a writer actually describes every single thing a character does throughout one day, that one day can
easily produce a whole long novel.
109- James Joyce's novel 'Ulysses' .......
A) is a traditional novel with a beginning, middle and end

B) was a modern translation of Homer's 'Odysseus'
C) revolutionised classical Greek literature
D) was written in one day
E) was meant to be different from novels written up to that time
110- According to the passage, 'Ulysses' reflects similarities between........
A) the lives of a mythological figure and a group of contemporary people

B) the writing techniques used by Homer and James Joyce
C) the moral values of Homer's day and those of Joyce's own
D) the lives, over a number of years, of a number of people in Dublin
E) a writer in ancient Greece and one in contemporary Ireland
111- The passage states that the action of the novel takes place.........
A) in a traditional setting
B) over a long period of time
C) in ancient Greece
D) in a single day
E) in a mythical setting
Under the great Moghul emperors, artists emerged from their previous anonymity. They were allowed,
for the first time, to sign their work, and even encouraged to include self-portraits in their paintings.
And the artists' skills did not go unrewarded: one emperor even presented a favourite painter with an
elephant, the ultimate status symbol of the age. Yet little is known about the artists' lives. The more
successful may have enjoyed an economic status similar to lower-level nobles. However, their simple
dress in the self-portraits suggests that the rewards for many painters did not always match their
unquestionable talent.
112- In the passage, the word "anonymity" in the first sentence refers to a condition in which..........
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A) the people had to live in extreme poverty
B) the artists were well-respected
C) the emperors employed only very talented artists
D) the artists worked for very little money
E) the artists of paintings were not known by name
113- At the time of the Moghul emperors, .......
A) artists could only earn very little money

B) not all the artists earned well
C) artists had the same status as the nobles
D) most of the artists were not rewarded for their paintings
E) every artist was allowed to have his own elephant
114- We can infer from the passage that one way artists were able to become better known was
by..........
A) including pictures of themselves in their work

B) riding status symbols
C) selling paintings to
D) having an economic lower-level nobles
E) matching their with simple dress
Four years ago, Craig Keilburger, a Canadian boy then only 12 years old, founded Free the Children,
a youth organisation aimed at ending child labour and encouraging youth involvement in community
service. Since then, hundreds of local chapters have formed all over the world, participating in
everything from letter-writing campaigns to programmes like "Rugmark", a labelling system for
carpets made without child labour. Now 16, Keilburger has travelled extensively, meeting children
from Pakistan to Brazil and giving speeches on child exploitation.
115- According to the passage, Free the Children is.........
A) an association opposed to children having to work

B) an organisation which was founded 16 years ago
C) dedicated to teaching children how to write letters
D) a group of adults who want to help children
E) a charity founded in Canada, but now active in Pakistan and Brazil
116- It can be inferred from the passage that........
A) Craig Keilburger is now 19 years old

B) child labour has been ended because of the efforts of Free the Children
C) Free the Children is one of the most effective organisations in the world
D) children are often exploited in making carpets
E) Canadians understand the world better than other people
117- The passage states that Craig Keilburger........
A) has personally founded hundreds of local chapters of Free the Children

B) has become one of the youngest successful businessmen In the world
C) travels around the world lecturing on the exploitation of children
D) labels carpets made without child labour
E) believes that children should help to support their families
The producer is the person who starts and controls the whole process of making a film. He may buy
the film rights to a-book or employ a scriptwriter to write a script. He employs all the staff, both
technical and creative involved in the making of the film, including the director. He is also-in control
of the finances of the film, and it is his responsibility to see that the cost does not exceed the budget
allowed. Unlike today, in the golden age of Hollywood in the 1930s and '40s, the famous names were
the producers like David Selznick and Samuel Goldwin, and not the directors.
118- We learn from the passage that

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A) the producer is the most creative person involved in making a film
B) producers have not been very important since the 1940s
C) the producer is responsible only for technical parts of film-making
D) the director plays the most important role in making a film
E) the producer is involved with every aspect of making a film
119- It is implied in the passage that .......
A) directors and producers have equal status today

B) producers finance films, but other people are more important in making a film
C) producers usually write scripts for their films
D) producers are no longer as famous as they once were
E) films were better in the 1930s and '40s than they are today.
120- According to the passage.
A) the cost of a film often exceeds its budget

B) it is the producer who oversees the finances of a film
C) today, the producer and the director of a film are usually the same person
D) films with the largest budgets are always the most successful
E) no contemporary producer has ever been as successful as David Selznick or Samuel Goldwin
At present, there are only two people in the world who have undergone successful hand transplants.
This operation has only recently been available and the second successful transplant was carried out
in January. 1999. Since this operation, more than one hundred people have contacted the doctor who
carried out the operation. Potential candidates are put through medical, psychiatric and
psychological tests. Their medical histories are scrutinized. Moreover, they are bluntly told of the
risks of the medication that suppresses the immune system. This is necessary to prevent the body
from rejecting the foreign tissue in the new hand, which is taken from a dead body.
121- The passage tells us that .......
A) more than one hundred people have recently had hand transplants
B) having a hand transplant is a new craze in cosmetic surgery
C) effective techniques for transplanting human hands have only been recently developed
D) two people have recently died due to the failure of their immune systems during hand
transplants
E) the same doctor has carried out more than a hundred operations recently
122- In the case of a hand transplant, the immune system........
A) might reject the new hand if not controlled

B) plays the major role on the psychological situation of the candidates
C) is suppressed to reduce the risk of spreading the infection
D) is risky to people with certain medical histories
E) of a dead body might not be compatible with that of the person receiving the hand
123- It is Implied in the passage that.......
A) most hand transplant operations are successful

B) the doctor who carried out the second successful operation is advertising for more business
C) only the person whose immune system functions well is considered suitable for the operation
D) there may be psychological as well as physical problems for those who receive the operation
E) it is still too soon to tell how successful the two most recent operations have been
Mankind had been fooled into believing that the world's resources could never be exhausted. Only
with the massive growth in industry has it become obvious that our planet not only has limits, but
these limits are fast being approached. Although some new supplies remain to be discovered and
others will be replaced, we cannot afford to live in the same manner. If we continue, the demand for
energy and minerals could generate an industrial 'famine' that would bring a worldwide crisis. To
avoid this, man must discover a new relationship with the Earth and learn to conserve its vital
22
resources.
124- From the text, we can infer that until fairly recently, .......
A) humans were ignorant of the quantity of natural resources available

B) the answer to the problem of resources lay in the progress of industry
C) governments didn't place restrictions on industries in order to save the environment
D) industry was growing extremely quickly
E) the world was on the point of experiencing another industrial crisis
125- The author states that people have now become aware that .......
A) renewable sources of energy should be used instead of limited ones

B) in order to conserve energy, the rapid growth of industry should be slowed down
C) famine is the biggest problem that threatens the world today
D) the resources of the world are rapidly running out
E) despite discoveries of different energy sources, there will be an energy crisis in the future
126- In the author's opinion, the only way to solve the problem .......
A) is to return to the primitive way of life and to use very little energy
B) is to develop new technologies to produce the energy needed
C) is to change our attitude towards the planet and sustain its natural resources
D) is to learn to respect nature more than we love the money gained from technology
E) is to develop stronger relationships with the members of our own species
One of the smallest of all mammals is the shrew, a mouselike creature with a head and body length of
only 3.8 centimetres. All shrews are small, with dense, velvety fur, long tails, and tiny eyes and ears.
Shrews have been called bloodthirsty, though the label is not entirely accurate because they must eat
almost constantly to stay alive. The animal is believed to have a very high metabolic rate and cannot
live more than a few hours without food. In the absence of normal prey, it will turn to cannibalism to
survive. The shrew, or some closely related animal, can be found on every continent except Australia.
Since this tiny animal has a reputation for having a very bad temper, the adjective "shrewish" is
sometimes used to describe a certain type of women.
127- The passage tells us that the shrew.......
A) has a very short life span

B) is similar to a mouse in appearance
C) lives in dense forests
D) makes an exceptionally good pet
E) is in the habit of eating every two hours
128- The passage states that shrews .......
A) are found in huge numbers in Australia

B) are the smallest living mammals
C) eat each other when they can't find any food
D) feed on the blood of other mammals
E) eat rarely but in large amounts at a time
129- From what is stated in the passage, we can infer that a shrewish woman is someone who.........
A) has tiny eyes and ears
B) is very fond of velvet and fur
C) keeps shrews as pets
D) easily gets annoyed
E) is noticeably smaller than the average
Over the past 30 years, children's consumption in Britain has increased dramatically. In the average
family of two parents and two children, spending on toys and children's clothing has more than
tripled and spending on sweets, ice-cream and soft drinks has risen by one-third. Research has
recently found that spending is around £3,000 per child per year. The growth in spending reflects
higher living standards, but it has been boosted-1 by the efforts of the advertising industry.
Campaigns directed straight at children account for much advertising expenditure. Most children in
23
Britain over eight now have a television in the bedroom; on average, they watch 900 hours of TV a
year, which is more than the 750- hours the average child is actually being taught in school. Thus a
child could see at least 10,000 commercials a year.
130- The average family 30 years ago .......

A) bought more children's clothes and books and less ice-cream and candy
B) watched more TV commercials than today
C) had a higher living standard than today
D) didn't have a television set
E) spent far less on children's products
131- One reason that children's consumption in Britain has risen is that...... .
A) parents tend to have fewer kids now

B) more kids are involved in advertising campaigns
C) researchers advise parents to spend £3000 per year
D) the living standard has risen in the country over the years
E) children have much more money themselves nowadays
132- The author concludes that the fact that most children over 8 now have their own television set
means........
A) children prefer watching television to going to school

B) children are not as healthy as they were
C) more children are missing school in order to watch television
D) an increasing amount of commercials are being watched by children
E) children spend a lot of time away from their parents
A movement called Jubilee 2000 is campaigning for Third World debt cancellation as a fitting way to
mark the millennium. Launched two years ago, the group is now working in 42 countries, and is now
supported by a large number of celebrities. Leaders of the group are harsh critics of the big creditors'
role in the developing world. In Tanzania, for example, one child in six dies before the age of five due
to the lack of proper health care, but the government spends four times more on paying the interest
on its debts than on primary health care. Money needed for health and education programs goes
instead to rich international creditors, whose billions have often supported corrupt elites.
133- According to the passage, the purpose of Jubilee 2000 is........
A) to hold a charity concert involving a lot of celebrities

B) to allow poor nations to escape paying back large loans
C) to criticise big creditors in the developing world
D) to have a big party on New Year's Eve at the millennium
E) to raise as much money as possible to help poor nations
134- The leaders of Jubilee 2000 argue that .......
A) 42 countries need to have their debts cancelled

B) creditors should lend poor nations more money for primary health care
C) celebrities of the developing countries are not responsible enough
D) celebrities are important in making the world a better place to live
E) paying interest on huge debts is one reason many children die in developing countries
135- The passage implies that ordinary people in the developing world........
A) cannot afford to celebrate the millennium

B) should be helped by the big creditors in their countries
C) would benefit from large debts being cancelled
D) are often the ones who haven't received any education
E) are ignorant of basic principles of health care
Palmistry is the practice of 'reading hands', of gaining knowledge about personality, past individual
history, and likely future events by examining the shape and size of the fingers and most important,
the lines and bumps on the palms themselves. There is some evidence that palmistry may have
24
begun in the Stone Age. Hand outlines can be seen in black and red pigments on the walls of the
ancient caves of Altmira in Spain and in other European caves. Palmistry as it exists today probably
had its origins in ancient India long before recorded history and found its way into western Europe
through nomadic bands of Gypsies, who made contact with Europe in the 15th century.
136- Of the following, the one not mentioned in the passage as part of palmistry is.........
A) foretelling the future

B) changing the events of the future
C) exploring people's pasts
D) learning about things that may happen
E) learning about character
137- It is stated in the passage that the most essential thing for a palm reader to do is.........
A) to examine people's past histories

B) to inspect the fingers carefully
C) to practise by 'reading' many palms
D) to look closely at the surface of the palm
E) to learn about different personality types
138- The passage explains that it is most likely that palmistry as we know it began .........
A) in various parts of Europe

B) in India in ancient times
C) in caves in Spain
D) in the 15th century
E) in the Stone Age
Aphids are tiny green insects that are a chronic pest for farmers. Spiders and ground beetles living
along field margins can keep their numbers under control. But as fields have become larger, the
spiders and beetles take longer to get to the middle of them, so fanners began using pesticides for a
problem that was once controlled naturally. An insect ecologist came up with a new solution called
"beetle banks". These are one metre-wide strips of grass planted at 100-metre intervals across the
fields. After two years, there will be enough beetles and spiders in one beetle bank to eat 52 million
aphids a week, and the farmer will get rid of aphids - without using a single drop of pesticide.
139- We can infer from the passage that .......
A) all insects are pests for farmers

B) spiders and beetles are beneficial for farmers .
C) farmers want to keep the number of spiders and beetles under control
D) farmers are legally not allowed to use pesticide
E) aphids are only dangerous if they amount to large numbers
140- The passage states that.......
A) beetle banks are a natural method of pest control

B) beetles can eat 52 million aphids every two years
C) farmers have to keep checking the numbers of aphids in their fields
D) one of the jobs of insect ecologists is to develop pesticides
E) the main purpose of pesticides is to kill beetles and spiders
141- Though he does not state it directly, the author seems to believe that......
A) natural methods are inadequate to control aphids

B) pesticides are usually the best way of controlling pests
C) beetle banks are one-metre wide strips of grass
D) spiders and beetles should stay in field margins so they won't bother the fanners
E) natural methods are better than pesticides for controlling pests
The ancient Greeks built open-air theatres, usually on a hillside, with semi-circular rows of seats
overlooking a circular space called the orchestra. The restored theatre at Epidaurus, dating from
25
about 350 B.C., is a good example of a Classical Greek theatre. The Romans altered this plan by
introducing a raised platform for the performers. The first theatre in London was erected in
Shoreditch by Richard Burbage, a colleague of Shakespeare; a little later, in about 1590, he built the
more famous Globe theatre across the River Thames at Southwark. However, the first theatre in the
modern sense was built at Parma. Italy in 1618, with the familiar plan of an auditorium with a raised
stage and a curtain.
142- It is clear from the passage that ancient Greek theatres.........
A) had no ceilings at all

B) were restored in 350 B.C.
C) had elevated stages
D) were built in valleys
E) had circular seating
143- We learn from the passage that the Globe theatre was..........
A) built by Shakespeare himself with the help of Richard Burbage

B) built in Shoreditch, a London district on the River Thames
C) on the other side of the Thames from London's first theatre
D) the first theatre ever built in London
E) next to London's first ever theatre
144- It is implied in the passage that all modern theatres...........
A) have semi-circular rows of seats

B) have a familiar plan
C) closely resemble the Classical Greek theatre
D) are built on flat ground
E) employ a large orchestra
Fragrance can have a positive effect on our moods, according to a Japanese company, Shimizu, who
circulate mood-enhancing aromatherapy oils through air-conditioning systems in their offices.
Studies show that environmental fragrancing has an uplifting effect on the body and mind. After
exposure to jasmine, lavender and lemon scents, efficiency levels and alertness during meetings
increased, and typing errors were reduced. Now specific fragrances are used to good effect in many
workplaces in Japan: lemon to energise, jasmine to relax and lavender and peppermint to lessen the
urge to smoke.
145- The Japanese company, Shimizu, .......

A) is producing fragrances to be used in air-conditioning systems
B) uses aromatherapy to treat its moody or inefficient employees
C) believes that there is a direct link between what we smell and how we feel
D) bans smoking in the offices as the smoke reduces the effectiveness of fragrances
E) pays attention to whether a product is environmentally-friendly or not
146- According to the passage, practices in Japan have shown that fragrance .......
A) makes people feel lighter and aids weight-loss
B) can improve physical and mental processes
C) is only effective when used through air-conditioning systems
D) does not have a strong effect outside the workplace
E) must be combined with other things before it has an effect
147- We can conclude from the passage that .......
A) smoking is now less of a problem in Japan
B) certain species of flower have a special meaning in Japanese culture
C) there are restrictions on the kinds of fragrance which can be used
D) Japanese companies all have air-conditioning systems in their offices
E) different scents are related to different effects
Among the world's four most important crops-wheat rice potatoes and corn -corn is one of the few
economic plants native to America. The United States produces over 40 per cent of the world’s
output. World-wide, more than 327 million acres of land are planted with corn each year, with a
grain production of more than 500 million metric tons. Countries with large areas devoted to corn
include the United States, China and descending order of production, Mexico, India, Indonesia, South
Africa, the Philippines, Romania, and Argentina.
26
148. The passage tells us that corn is a crop ______.
A) which can be easily grown in all climates in the world

B) which is a lot more important than the other three
C) which was not brought to America from abroad but grew there naturally.
D) which was introduced to America from China and Brazil
E) which meets forty percent of the world's food requirements in northern hemisphere
149. Among the countries mentioned in the passage _______.
A) Mexico heads the list of the biggest corn growers B) Argentina produces the least corn
C) the USA, China and Brazil together produce 500 million metric tons of corn
D) the USA devotes 327 acres of land for crop cultivation
E) the USA exports 40 per cent of the corn it produces
150. Wheat, rice, potatoes and corn _______.
A) are grown in almost every country in northern hemisphere

B) are some of the crops native to America
C) are abundant in the countries listed in the passage
D) are consumed the most in the USA,
E) are the major foodstuffs in the world
The fact that everybody enjoys a good mystery explains why magicians are such popular entertainers.
We all know that a magician doesn't really depend on 'magic' to perform his tricks, but on his ability
to act great speed However, this doesn't prevent us from enjoying watching him produce rabbits from
a hat, swallow countless eggs, or saw his wife in two.
151. From the passage one can conclude that a magician ________.
A) must saw his wife in two
B) is a person with supernatural powers
C) is a mysterious person
D) should be quick at performing his tricks
E) depends on "magic" in his performance
152. A magician's aim is basically ________.
A) to entertain people
B) to explain the truth behind his tricks
C) to gain magical powers
D) to produce rabbits from a hat
E) to reveal mysterious events
153. Magicians are appreciated so much, because ________ .
A) they enjoy making tricks

B) people are interested in mystery
C) they know how to act rapidly
D) people like performers
E) they are famous everywhere
The aggressive act that frustration produces may take a number of forms. It may be turned inward
against oneself, with suicide as the extreme example. It may hit back directly at the person or thing
causing the frustration. Or it may be transferred to another object - what psychologists call
displacement. This can be directed against the dog, the family or even total strangers. In some cases,
frustration leads to the opposite of aggression, a complete retreat from life. When we do experience
frustration, however there are several things we can do to channel off aggression, and the best way is,
perhaps, by hard, useful work. If both body and mind can be engaged, so much the better.
154.The writer states that frustration _______.
A) is the opposite of aggression

B) does not occur if we are involved in useful work
C) is sometimes caused by family pets
D) often calls for a psychologist’s help
27
E) can even cause a person to kill himself
155. When frustration occurs, the writer recommends _______.
A) blaming it on something quite different

B) occupying oneself both physically and mentally
C) withdrawing from society for a while
D) seeking the help of a psychologist
E) transferring it onto another object
156. When frustrated, some people _______.
A) need psychological help

B) become more aggressive when working hard
C) take it out on people they don't know
D)don't know what it is that has caused the frustration
E) behave like total strangers towards their families
We are frequently told these days that we should eat more vegetables as part of a healthy diet.
However, a large number of people are still not taking this advice. One of the reasons could be that
they have bad memories of the few vegetables they were forced to eat by their parents when they were
children. On the other hand, potatoes are one kind of vegetable which we are familiar with although
we do not perhaps think of them as healthy food to eat. Of course, chips are not very good for us
because of their high fat content, but potatoes can be cooked in many other interesting ways which
do not harm our health. Other vegetables which we will almost certainly have eaten are carrots,
turnips and parsnips. Carrots can be eaten raw, while parsnips can be prepared like potatoes, and
baby turnips are crisp and as sweet as apples when cooked. Alternatively, there are many different
vegetables in the shops, such as celeriac and kohlrabi. These may look strange to us at the moment,
but they are as easy to cook as any of the other vegetables mentioned and make a delicious change.
157- According to the passage, dieticians say that……………
A) an apple a day keeps the doctor away.

B) people should eat more vegetables to be healthier.
C) vegetables are easy to cook and don’t lose nutrition
D) some vegetables can be eaten raw.
E) some vegetables should be cooked before eaten.
158- According to the passage people don’t keep the dietician’s advice, because ……………
A) their parents made them eat vegetables they didn’t like when they were children
B) he himself doesn’t follow his advice.
C) there are a lot of vegetables of the same kind, so they don’t decide which to eat.
D) they don’t like boiled vegetables without butter.
E) it is easy to eat at the take-away restaurants.
159- We can understand from the passage that ……
A) parents should try different ways of cooking to persuade children to eat vegetables.
B) vegetables must be eaten in winter to protect our body against illnesses.
C) the taste of some vegetables can not be guessed from their look.
D) it is difficult to decide for some vegetables whether they are vegetables or fruit.
E) whichever the vegetable is, a good cook can prepare a perfect meal.
Traditionally, the British have always been very fond of their eccentrics. Even today, British
eccentrics are considered to be the strangest, according to American psychologist David Weeks. Take
the Leopard Man, for example. He lives alone in a cave on the Isle of Skye. He is tattooed from head to
toe with leopard spots, and makes a living selling seafood. But is this bizarre behaviour a type of
mental illness? It has long been believed that creativity and insanity are connected. In the last 30
years or so, psychologists have tried to find evidence to support this belief. One study found that
creative people have a lot in common with eccentrics and also that they are more likely to suffer from
extreme depression, which is often associated with mental illness. But during David Weeks’ detailed
research into the personalities of eccentrics, he found that they are among the happiest and healthi-
est of people. Not only do they visit their doctors much less often than the rest of us, but they are also
usually interested in several things at one time, so they always have a goal in life.

A) eccentric people are really mentally ill.
28
B) being tattooed is the evidence to be a bizarre people.
C) psychologists recently found evidence to support the idea that eccentric people have a lot in
common with the creative people.
D) mad people should be sent to the care houses.
E) for more than a quarter of a century, psychologists have believed that creativity and insanity
are related to each other.
161- According to the passage, some people are considered to be eccentric because they ………
A) live in the caves and are tattooed.
B) show bizarre behaviour and live in a different environment.
C) are mentally ill.
D) are more creative than normal people.
E) are likely to suffer from extreme depression.
162- One can infer from David Weeks’ research that …………
A) each creative person has got a bit madness.

B) he has been studying on this research for more than 30 years.
C) eccentric people have many positive aspects in their personalities.
D) the Leopard Man is in fact very intelligent.
E) insanity is the symptom of creativity.
Bringing up children is expensive enough with all the clothes, equipment and other essentials
without having to keep up with the latest toy craze. With a limited budget, a parent needs to choose
toys with care. A toy should be tough, childproof, safe and interesting. These things are difficult to
judge by watching a television commercial or looking at a magazine advert. Ideally parents needs to
go alone to a toy shop, without being under a pressure to buy the latest advertised plaything.
Sometimes the simplest things are the best. Youngsters can have hours of pleasure with paper, glue
and coloured pens and pencils. Nor is it not necessary to buy expensive educational games as
children can learn just as well from nature and visits to museums with a caring parent. As long as
learning is fun, children, full of natural curiosity, will always want to learn.
A) curious children will naturally want to learn everything on the condition that learning is full of fun.
B) expensive toys and learning materials will help children encourage to learn new things.
C) parents spend a lot of money on expensive educational games and toys.
D) children should go to the country in order to learn the nature.
E) curious pupils are generally at the top in the classroom.
164- One can understand from the passage that ……
A) the ideal way is that a parent should go to the toy shop and see the toys and games before buying
them.
B) commercials on TV help people judge what to choose at the toy shop.
C) youngsters can’t use stationary without their parents’ help
D) for parents it’s easier to buy ready-made toys than do-it-yourself ones.
E) advertisements have a great pressure on the children what to play with.
165- The author suggests that ……………
A) crazy parents should keep up with the latest clothes, equipments and essentials for the children.
B) kindergarten teachers buy tough, safe, childproof and interesting toys for their children.
C) parents not buy expensive things in order to bring up their children.
D) parents and kindergarten teachers should keep up with the new educational materials.
E) children shouldn’t be bought toys by watching TV commercials and looking at magazine adverts.
Scotland was the perfect place to grow up. My parents had spent years saving up because they
wanted to buy a small farmhouse in the Scottish Highlands. Shortly after I was born their dream
came true and our new life in the country began. To begin with, I was probably too young to
appreciate the fresh air and breathtaking views, but as I grew up I began to enjoy exploring the
unspoilt country-side. I soon got used to having to walk miles to the shops, and since it was too far to
travel to the nearest primary school, my parents did their best to educate me at home. However, I
never felt lonely and was usually too busy helping my father on the land to worry about not having
any friends. My brothers and sisters were also starting to grow up fast and we had no difficulty
amusing ourselves for hours on end. When I reached the age of eleven, my parents decided it was
time to send me to secondary school as they didn’t feel they were capable of providing me with the
range of skills I would need for my future life. This would involve travelling twenty miles to the
nearest town and twenty miles back. I was sorry to say goodbye to my old way of life, but at the same
time I looked forward to mixing with new people. After finishing school I was forced to move to
29
Edinburgh to look for work and I have now made the city my home. Although I love the cosmopolitan
lifestyle, I sometimes can’t help wishing I was back in the Highlands.
166- According to the passage, the author liked Scotland very much ……………
A) because he had his primary education at a private school.
B) as he was born there.
C) since everybody appreciated their living in the Highlands
D) as he would walked miles to the market.
E) because there was fresh air and breathtaking views in the Scottish Highlands.
167- The writer states that ……………
A) he didn’t go to primary school but he had the education at home.
B) he felt lonely in the country for there are only few people to talk to.
C) they were children on the farm.
D) he finished the primary school at the age 11.
E) Edinburgh is a city in Scotland.
168- The writer implies that ……………
A) he lives in his own house in Scotland.
B) he wishes he lived in the country although he loves the city life.
C) when he was 11, he preferred the school in the city although his parents were capable of
providing him with his future needs and skills.
D) after school he wanted to find a job in Edinburgh as the country life lack many facilities.
E) he felt lonely at the secondary school age and moved to the school in the city centre to meet
new people.
When Gilbert decided to give up his job and sell all his possessions, everyone thought he was mad.
But, as it turned out, he was just the first of many of my friends to do this. In fact, escaping the
pressures of everyday working life has become a priority for many people these days. They can’t stand
the idea of working until they are 65, only to retire to some boring country village and waste their
time digging the garden or gossiping with the neighbours. They would rather live life to the full now,
before they are too old to enjoy it. To buy a motorcycle and tour the world is a popular option.
Others, less adventurous types, might prefer to buy a small farmhouse and live off the land.
Personally, I fancy sailing around the world in a yacht. As for Gilbert, he bought a house in a little
country village and spends his time walking around the village and talking with the neighbours.
A) the writer is more adventurous than Gilbert.

B) many people get retired to set up a new life in the country and live in a silent environment.
C) in the European countries people have to work until the age of 65.
D) to buy a yacht and sail round the world is very popular among youngsters.
E) people work hard so as to buy a house and a car before they get retired.
170- The writer states that ……………
A) he will buy a farm house and live in the country.

B) he is interested in the activities on the sea rather than on the land when he is retired.
C) he is interested in walking in the country and chatting with his neighbours.
D) he has bought a yacht to sail round the world.
E) he can’t stand the idea of working until 65.
A) he prefers wasting his time digging the garden when he gets retired.
B) many people tend to escape from the stress of every day working life.
C) people need neighbours and free time activities when they are pensioner.
D) to buy a motorcycle and tour the world is the most popular option among the pensioners.
E) old pensioners should be helped with daily activities when they are too old.
I have never won anything like this before! I have only entered a few competitions in my life so this is
a big surprise. Of course, I have been watching TV quiz shows for years, but now I am thinking of
taking part in more. The prize is wonderful. We have been staying here in Hawaii for ten days now
and we are having a great time. We have already seen all the sights and my wife has bought lots of
souvenirs. We have sent postcards to all our friends to show them how we are spending our time.
Yes, we really are enjoying ourselves. In fact, we want to stay forever.
30
A) he likes Hawaii very much and wants to settle down there.

B) he is sometimes bored as he is alone there.
C) Hawaii is a good place to spend summer holidays.
D) souvenirs are too expensive to buy.
E) the prices are wonderful and everything is cheap there.
173- It is understood from the passage that …………
A) it is a package holiday.
B) the prize for the competition is a holiday in Hawaii
C) the author has come to Hawaii with his friends.
D) competitions are held monthly in Hawaii.
E) the author collects postcards so he bought many of them.
A) he spends more of his free time travelling.

B) the author travels round the world thanks to quiz show programmes.
C) the author presents quiz show programmes on TV.
D) the author entered many competitions before and at last he managed to get a prize.
E) the author is going to enter more competitions than before.
Sue Wilson has been involved in sports for more than 25 years. Her first interest was gymnastics,
which she has been actively involved in since she was ten, but she has also been interested in other
forms of sport for many years. She has been a keen cyclist since 1980, when she made her first
bicycle tour of Europe, and since her marriage to all-round sportsman Tom Wilson in 1985, she has
tried her hand at climbing, sailing and skydiving. Her talent as a writer has kept her busy for the
past ten years, and she has become familiar to TV viewers as a sports commentator since her first TV
appearance in 1988. Her plans for the future? “I’ve been interested in the role of women in sports ever
since I was a teenager. Now, after being so busy for all these years, I’ve decided to take some time off
so I can write a book about it.” Since Sue has been part of the sporting world for so long, her book
should be fascinating.
175- The author tells us that Sue Wilson will write a fascinating book because ……………
A) she has participated in sporting events for nearly a quarter of a century.

B) she has actively been in sporting world for a long time.
C) she has directed many sporting events for many years.
D) she has produced sport programmes on TV since 1988.
E) she is married to all-around sportsman Tom Wilson.
176- It is stated in the passage that Sue Wilson ……………
A) has been interested in cycling since her marriage to Tom Wilson in 1988.
B) is an all-around sportswoman.
C) has involved in gymnastics since she was 10 years old.
D) made bicycle tour of Europe many timers.
E) is planning the cycle the world with her husband.
177- One can infer from the passage that ……………
A) she has been actively writing for a decade.

B) her plan for the future is to take some time off and start a world tour.
C) she decided to write a book “The Role of Woman in Sports”.
D) she has ignored gymnastics recently for she also likes climbing, sailing and sky-diving.
E) he husband, Tom Wilson, encouraged her to cycle in Europe.
Last year, Tom and Fiona decided to buy a house. They had been saving up for ages, and by the end
of May they had put by enough for the deposit on a house. They were living in a flat at the time and
Fiona insisted that she wanted a house with a big garden. They had been searching for only a few
days when they found exactly what they had been looking for - a two-bedroomed house in nearly an
acre of garden. Unfortunately the owner was asking much more than they were willing to pay, and
31
when they looked more closely at the interior, they saw that whoever had been living there before,
had made an absolute mess of the walls and floors. Still, Fiona liked the garden and the location so
much that she managed to convince Tom that, despite the price, it was the perfect house for them.
178- It is stated in the passage that Tom and Fiona …

A) couldn’t afford to buy a house with a garden.
B) bought an old house with a garden of nearly an acre last year.
C) decided not to buy the house mentioned in the passage because the interior of the house was
an absolute mass.
D) gave the money the owner had requested without hesitation.
E) were convinced by the owner of the house.
179- One can infer from the passage that ……………
A) living in a house more comfortable than a flat.

B) there is no price difference between a flat and a house.
C) the bigger garden the house has, the more expensive it is.
D) the sellers always tell the higher price.
E) when you want to buy a house or a flat you’d better try one in the suburbs of the city.
A) women are good at convincing their husbands.

B) Tom also liked the house.
C) the tenants generally misuse the building.
D) when we want to buy a house or a flat, location and the neighbourhood are the most important
factors.
E) saving up to buy a house lasts many years, so people can only buy one when they get retired.
Although Christmas is one of the great Christian festivals, nowadays it has more than a religious
aspect. It is an occasion celebrated all over the world whatever people’s religious beliefs. Christmas is
still a time of peace and goodwill towards others. In spite of its religious origins Christmas falls at the
same time of year as the great pagan festivals. Christmas presents, in fact, are of pagan origin. Some
countries exchange gifts on 25 December whereas others wait until 6 January. Children’s presents
are traditionally left for them by Father Christmas, a jolly character with a white beard and a red
suit. No matter how old you are, Christmas continues to hold a special magic for young and old alike.
181- It’s understood from the passage that ……
A) not all the countries do exchange presents on the same day.

B) parents buy presents for the children.
C) Father Christmas sells gifts to the children
D) Christmas is an occasion for pagan people to celebrate annually.
E) Christmas is a religious festival in the Christian countries.
182- One can conclude from the passage that ……………
A) magicians also perform activities at Christmas.

B) Christmas is celebrated between December 25 and 26 January.
C) Christmas is the birth date of Jesus Christ.
D) Christmas is the greatest festival in Christianity.
E) Christmas originated from Christianity.
A) Father Christmas was originally from Antalya.

B) Father Christmas deliver presents to the people of all ages.
C) Father Christmas, Noel Baba, is an old, jolly person in a red costume.
D) Christmas is the commemoration of the birth date of Father Christmas.
E) at Christmas people all over the world celebrate the coming of the new year.
Having visited a few countries where the climate is different to yours, you will appreciate how
important it is to plan carefully before travelling. Not planning well enough is the reason why some
holidays can go wrong. A holiday which involves a lot of walking, for example, means you need to go
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at a time when it is neither too hot nor too cold. It also means you need to plan to go with someone
who enjoys walking and whose stamina is equal to yours. A travel companion who likes the same
things as you is ideal, but it’s very difficult to meet someone whose likes and dislikes are exactly the
same as yours. In any case, you need to decide on a holiday which suits both of you and a country
whose climate is not uncomfortable for either of you.

A) one can appreciate how important to plan a travel after he has visited a few countries,
especially with different climate.
B) one can not get used to different weather easily.
C) you should consult a travel agency before starting a journey.
D) travel companies know exactly how the weather is at the holiday resorts.
E) without a companion it is boring to go on a holiday.
A) travel agency gives you a brochure about the holiday resorts before you decide.
B) it is easy to decide where to go but not with whom.
C) a good holiday means a good companion and whose likes and dislikes are exactly same as
yours.
D) a holiday means spending a lot of money.
E) it is important when and with whom and where to go on holiday.
186- We conclude from the passage that if you want

to go on a holiday ……………
A) you should choose the place with a suitable climate and a good companion as well.
B) You should prefer a package one because you can find a person whose personality suits you.
C) family travels are better than alone or group one.
D) it is essential that you plan how long and where to stay.
E) it is advisable that you ask your friends where to go.
The three blank spaces on the wall of the Frankfurt Schirn Gallery are probably more photographed
than the old paintings which hung there until last Thursday. That was the day when thieves stole two
paintings by JMW Turner, which were on loan from London’s Tate Gallery. In fact, as theft increases,
empty walls are becoming increasingly familiar sight in Europe’s galleries. The thieves are usually
members of professional gangs who study the layout of their target in detail beforehand. They are
becoming better at overcoming the tightest security. The thieves of Frankfurt waited until the gallery
closed at 10 pm, overpowered the security guard before he could turn on the alarm system and
escaped the paintings to a waiting car. The pictures are valued at £37.7 million and, since they are
too famous to sell, police suspect that the thieves will hold them to ransom. A £62,800 reward is
being offered for information. Unfortunately European Union policy has made it easier for thieves to
cross borders and harder for police to follow them. To discourage thieves, galleries may have to turn
themselves into high security fortresses.
187- The blank spaces on the wall means that ………
A) thieves stole three paintings two of which belong to London’s Tate Gallery.
B) the paintings were taken to send to London’s Tate Gallery.
C) the paintings were loan from different galleries.
D) the paintings stolen from the gallery were painted by JMW Turner
E) theft increases in the museums and galleries.
A) the theft in London Tate Gallery was performed after the gallery closed at 10.00 pm.
B) the Frankfurt Shirn Gallery theft was a professional incident.
C) the security in the gallery was not enough.
D) it was easy for the thieves to steal the paintings from the gallery.
E) after the theft, strong security precautions will be taken in the galleries.
A) the thieves may sell them in the other countries.

B) the police can easily find the thieves in the EU countries.
C) there are no customs and strict regulations at the borders among the EU countries.
D) the pictures are too expensive to buy for an ordinary person.
E) to discourage the thieves, the galleries have to put up high security alarm systems
33
New research offers proof that global warming is a direct consequence of man’s activity on earth and
not a result of some unidentified natural phenomenon. After noting climate changes on a computer,
researchers have shown that the Earth’s average temperature has risen by 0.7 0C since the Industrial
Revolution. As soon as the results were published, climate changes once again became headline
news. Other research predicts that by the end of the century average rainfall will be 30% higher than
today as a result of a warmer climate. Air pollution is blamed for the sharp rise in the Earth’s
temperature and until strict laws are introduced, the problem will continue to get worse. Something
needs to be done before it is too late. When E. U. countries met last month, they agreed to cut down
on pollution levels. Once clean sources of power are developed, we will have taken the first steps
towards stopping global warming.

A) unidentified natural phenomenon results in global warming
B) what people do on earth affects the global warming directly.
C) acid rains and pollution cause the global warming.
D) global warming is not a problem for the African countries as it is always warm there.
E) climate changes cause the natural phenomenon
191- According to the passage some people predict that ……………
A) global warming is the phenomenon for the E. U. countries.
B) computerisation will help solve the air pollution.
C) the higher the population is the more air pollution there will be.
D) warmer climate results in nearly one third more rain than today.
E) strict laws will be applied to stop the air pollution by the governments
192- It was decided at the meeting of E. U. countries that ……………
A) members would prevent their countries from negative results of industrial revolutions.
B) members of the union will take precautions to stop unidentified natural phenomenon.
C) a new research group would start to study global warming
D) to improve the pollution level in the European countries , members would come together every
month.
E) clean sources of power would be developed to stop global warming.
Mandy was getting so bored one afternoon that she decided to go shopping. She always took such
pleasure in buying things for herself that she would often spend lots of money in just one day. She
set out feeling really excited. After two hours she had bought so many things that she could hardly
carry them. The shops were closing and there was such a lot of traffic in the streets that she couldn’t
find a taxi. She started feeling frustrated as the parcels and bags she was carrying were getting in
everyone’s way. She was so anxious to get back home that she decided to take the underground. She
took such a long time to find her purse among her things that people waiting behind her in the queue
started muttering. When she finally found it, there was so little money in it that she didn’t have
enough to buy a ticket. Mandy was so embarrassed that she just wanted to disappear. She left the
station and was in such a desperate state that she didn’t know what to do. “I’ve spent so much
money,” she thought, “that I’ve made a fool of myself in front of complete strangers.” Mandy
eventually got home with all her shopping after getting a lift in a pizza delivery van!
193- It’s clear in the passage that ……………

A) Mandy couldn’t help going out for shopping as it is a pleasure for her to buy things for herself.
B) Women like shopping, especially when they get bored.
C) shopping is a spare time activity for the housewives.
D) Mandy went out to pick up the children from school but she forgot them while shopping.
E) Mandy bought so many things that the underground attendant didn’t get her in.
194- It’s understood from the passage that …………
A) Mandy did the shopping in the city all day.
B) Mandy spent only two hours for shopping but bought many things.
C) she was frustrated because the attendant in the underground didn’t allow her to the train.
D) she left some of the things in the department store because she didn’t have enough money for
the underground.
E) she left her purse on the underground.
A) she preferred the pizza delivery van to the underground.
B) she gave her last money to the pizza van.
C) Mandy regretted doing a lot of shopping.
D) she was in a desperate state at the station and she called her husband to give her a lift.
E) women do the shopping without taking into consideration how much money they have.
Anorexia is a comparatively new illness and seems to be linked to the society we live in which
increasingly judges us on our appearance. The media encourages us to try to be slim and beauti-
ful. Falling short of these criteria can put enormous pressure on the majority of us who are less
34
than perfect. Each year there are estimated to be at least 2,000 new cases of anorexia. About one
sufferer in ten is male, but most anorexics are females in their teens and twenties who suffer from
a distorted self image, feeling fat and ugly, however slim and attractive they may appear to others.
Though constantly hungry, anorexics attempt to gain control of their lives by refusing to eat. The
problem commonly develops in teenage years, when responsibilities increase. In prolonged cases,
it can cause anaemia, heart and kidney problems and, in almost a fifth of the cases, death by
starvation or secondary infection. Treatment involves encouraging patients to regain weight by
providing counselling and therapy which, in essence, guides the sufferers towards a normal life.
A) ninety per cent of anorexic people are females in their teens and twenties.
B) anorexia is relate to our statues in the society.
C) people around affect our eating habits and it causes anorexia.
D) the less people eat, the less they suffer from anorexia.
E) anorexics tend to eat more because they lose the control of their lives.
197- One can understand from the passage that people become anorexic because ……………
A) people around encourage them to be slim, attractive and beautiful

B) they have anaemia, heart and kidney problems.
C) they can’t find enough food to eat and suffer from starvation.
D) they are affected by the media.
E) they don’t accept operations although they are seriously ill.
A) treatment involves encouraging people for the operation.

B) in a long term cases, 20 % of the patients either die by starvation or are infected secondarily.
C) anorexics need counselling, guidance and therapy to balance their weight.
D) all teenagers and adults of both sexes suffer from their feelings about appearance.
E) youngsters are generally affected by the people around them rather than the media.
A high percentage of the English language consists of idioms which a learner will have to acquire
in order to achieve complete fluency. However, good communication is not based on the quantity of
idioms used, but on their appropriate usage. Students of English can easily make themselves
understood using a minimal amount of idiomatic language, but some feel it is a necessity to learn
them and then use them as often as possible to make a good impression and show how good their
language is. However, using them incorrectly can sound worse than not using them at all.
Thankfully, there are many qualified teachers who can provide clear explanation and help with
practice.
A) the more idioms a speaker uses, the better communication it is.

B) qualified teachers know all the idioms in English.
C) teachers correct the students whenever they make mistakes.
D) the more idioms the language has, the more fluent it is.
E) using idioms incorrectly may cause misunderstanding in the society.
200- The author states that, in order to achieve complete fluency in a foreign language …………
A) students should memorise lists of idioms.

B) one must acquire the idioms.
C) language teachers should force the students to learn idioms.
D) people should use idioms in a communication.
E) the incorrect use of idioms should be corrected by the native speakers when they sound bad.
A) some of the learners find it necessary to learn the idioms and use them to show how fluent and
impressive they are.
B) in the examinations idioms are fluently asked by the teachers.
C) good communication is based on the quantity of the idioms used in the conversation.
D) many students can’t use the idioms appropriately.
E) if a learner uses a minimal amount of idioms he has difficulty in expressing himself.
35
Creative therapy is now regarded as a worthy alternative to the more conventional forms of treatment
such as psychoanalysis. Art, music and dance are some of the forms of therapy now available. These
therapies are thought to be effective in relieving stress, depression and even emotional problems
caused by tensions in relationships. Art therapy involves painting, sculpture and modelling as a
means of expressing one’s hidden feelings. The good news is that no particular talent is needed; once
you have completed your “work of art” there is the opportunity to talk it through with a therapist.
Those who find it difficult to immediately start up a conversation find this form of therapy useful.
Music therapy involves singing or the playing of a musical instrument, using sound to bring hidden
emotions to the surface. Again, no special skill is required; you don’t have to be Pavarotti to benefit
from this type of therapy. This technique is often used to promote self-confidence in the physically or
mentally disabled. And for those among you who spend too much time in intellectual pursuits, dance
therapy may prove invaluable. It encourages spontaneity and helps the deep thinker become more
bodily aware.

A) art, music and dance are the forms of creative therapy available nowadays.
B) psychoanalysis is effective to relieve stress, depression and emotional problems.
C) psychoanalysis is now regarded as an alternative to creative therapy.
D) creative therapy is more effective when applied to the students.
E) creative therapy helps people become specialist in their favourites.
203- The author states that art therapy ……………
A) is a means of learning how talented a person is.

B) is used to understand how a person expresses his unknown feelings and abilities.
C) helps therapists start a conversation with the patient.
D) has been used as a remedy for mentally sick people to relieve.
E) is the only way for depressed and emotionally ill people to relieve.
204- It is stated in the passage that dance therapy ………
A) is often used for the promotion of self-confidence in the physically or mentally ill people.
B) encourages and help the bodily disabled become more aware.
C) may be very important for people who spend too much time in intellectual jobs.
D) is the new basis of learning the folk dances.
E) involves singing and moving according to the music played with the instruments.
Mountain biking is becoming an increasingly popular sport, as people become more interested in
keeping fit and doing activities which take them out of their homes. It is not only a pleasurable way of
improving your fitness, but also one of the most rewarding ways to explore the countryside. However,
it is important to follow a few simple rules, otherwise you could harm the environment and spoil
other people’s enjoyment. Cyclists can use any road but they must pay attention to the type of path
they are on. Some paths are only designed for people who are on foot, so if you are cycling along
these, you could cause inconvenience to walkers as well as ending up being taken to court by the
owner of the land you are on. On any other path, you should still respect walkers and be careful
when you are passing horse riders. Other things which you are asked to do are to close gates behind
you, so that farm animals cannot escape, and to take your rubbish home with you. Always let
someone know where you are going and carry the right equipment and clothing for unexpected
conditions, otherwise you could be creating unnecessary problems for yourself.
205- The writer states in the passage that mountain biking ……………
A) must be done in special routes and paths.
B) could find the environmental and spoil other’s enjoyment
C) takes people out from their homes into the streets.
D) improves your fitness and also helps you explore the countryside
E) is forbidden in some countries and people are taken to the court by the government.
206- The author mentions in the passage that there are
some rules such as ……………
A) cyclists must use only the roads designed for them.
B) you shouldn’t cause inconvenience to the around and the environment.
C) you should be respectful to the horses and wild animals
D) cyclists must obey the traffic rules.
E) people who are interested in mountain biking must have the brakes and tyres checked before
cycling.
207- In the passage it is advisable that you ……………
A) should inform your relatives or friends about where you are going.
36
B) not carry too many equipments and clothes while cycling.
C) keep the farm animals on the farm.
D) leave the natural rubbish in the country as it is fertiliser to the soil.
E) go cycling within a group of friends if you want to enjoy.
Come and visit one of the most interesting countries in the world - Israel, where the people are more
hospitable than anywhere else. You will see some of the oldest biblical sites in the world, as well as
the most modern cities with the best restaurants in the Middle East. To make travel arrangements
easier, our tour includes guided visits to some of the holiest and most important sites for a number of
different religions. You will also get the opportunity to float in the Dead Sea – lowest point on earth.
The climate is more pleasant than anything you will have experienced. Even in the hottest of
summers you will find places to cool off. Our company offers tailor-made tours for smaller groups
that is usual on a package holiday. We provide accommodation in intimate hotels which offer more
friendly service than the larger, more impersonal ones. Even the most frequent traveller will
experience something new in this unique country.
208- It is stated in the passage that Israel ……………

A) is one of the most interesting countries in the Middle East, in which there are the most
important and holiest sites for different religions.
B) is a new country founded in the first half of the nineteenth century.
C) always causes chaos among the countries in the Middle East.
D) and Palestine have been brother countries for a long time.
E) is the most attractive country for a foreigner.
209- The author states that if you visit Israel …………
A) you’ll get the chance of seeing ancient cities.

B) you’ll get the opportunity to see the lowest point on earth.
C) you’ll visit many religious places for Muslims.
D) you’ll taste the delicious Israeli food.
E) it’s difficult to travel round by yourself as there is always war with Palestine.
A) the weather in Israel is always hot everywhere.

B) people in the Middle East are generally hospitable.
C) among the Muslim Arab countries Israel is the only Hebrew one.
D) Israel is the typical Middle East country.
E) it’s quite normal that you get may confused when you visit Israel next time
If there's one thing we're good at, it's shopping. We love shopping in the States, and we have huge
shopping malls which are designed for two aims to give us the greatest possible choice of things to
buy, and to separate us from our money. But we like to be relaxed when we go shopping, so the
staff are there to help us choose if we need it, but they don't usually bother us unless we're looking
confused. In fact in small stores, the price is always clearly marked on the product, and that's the
price you pay. Sometimes, like at Christmas, the sales clerks will wrap our presents in special
seasonal wrapping paper, but usually they just put things in a bag. And at supermarkets, cashiers
don't wrap groceries up individually, they usually put them all in large, brown paper bags, strong
enough to take a lot of groceries. The staff are always friendly and make small talk about the
weather and things like that, and then as we leave, they usually say goodbye and "Have a nice
day!"
211. According to the passage the aim of shopping is……………
A) to make people get relaxed

B) to let people save their money
C) to force people to buy something cheap.
D) to let people choose the best for them from different alternatives
E) to put different alternatives to people so that they get confused and buy all of them.
212. According to the passage, the prices ……………
A) are same in all shopping centres.

B) are not written on etiquette.
C) can be cheaper in small markets
D) are marked on the labels that cannot be changed.
E) are marked on the labels but you pay the half of it at Christmas
37
213. The writer claims that ……………
A) cashiers generally wrap the groceries.

B) supermarkets generally have small bags
C) at Christmas the presents are wrapped
D) the staff generally deals with clothes and things that are sold
E) the staff is generally regarded as polite and considerate.
You may be prepared for lost luggage, flight delays, or an unfinished swimming pool, but what about
the common ailments that can ruin your vacation? Travel sickness, diarrhoea, sunburn, heat
exhaustion, mosquito bites ... for many of us, these are what vacation memories are made of.
Vacation health problems are common and the more exotic the destination, the more unusual you
can expect the health risks to be. Did you know that about 40 percent of people travelling abroad
each year fall ill as a result of their vacation? For most, it's a fairly minor ailment such as sickness or
diarrhoea—and although that's distressing enough, several thousand others contract malaria and
other potentially fatal diseases, such as typhoid or hepatitis. However, a little thought and
preparation before you leave home can minimize or even prevent many typical vacation health
problems. If you take common-sense precautions and ask your local pharmacist for advice and
effective remedies you can look forward to a happy—and healthy—holiday this year.
214. In the passage it is stated that one of the things that ruin vocation from the point of illness is
…………….
A) lost of luggage
B) cancer
C) hypertension
D) bites of insects
E) cold
215. In the passage it has shown that ……………
A) people like to travel abroad.

B) 40% of people like to travel to small places.
C) most people prefer to stay in their own country.
D) 40% of visitors die of illness
E) Two fifth of the people travelling abroad come back home with an ailment.
216. The writer states that for precaution one should ……………
A) not visit unhealthy places

B) take some medicine with themselves
C) go to a doctor in the place they visit
D) after coming back from holiday stay a week at a hospital
E) spend money on healthy and nutritious food.
I will never forget the vacation I spent with my family in Massachusetts about six years ago. It was
the worst vacation I have ever had. My parents decided to rent a house on Martha’s Vineyard and we
were all looking forward to three weeks of fun in the sun. Unfortunately, everything went wrong and
we were glad to get back home. We had recently bought a new car, with a roof rack, so we tied the
suitcases on with string and set off to New Bedford. On the highway, a suitcase fell off the roof and hit
a passing motorbike. By the time we had called a garage and we had taken the shaken motorcyclist
home, we found that we had missed our boat. On the second day of our vacation, we went to the
beach and my sister was bitten by an insect and her leg became swollen. Back at the house, she was
stung by a bee on the same leg and we had to call a doctor. The next day, my younger brother fell
over and broke his ankle and he had to be rushed to the hospital. On the last night of our stay, the
car was broken into and the presents we had bought for friends at home were stolen. Fortunately, the
camera was not in the car, so the vacation photos of all our disasters were saved.
217. The writer states that they rent a house …………
A) to rent it to another family.

B) to put their clothes in while they go to sun bathing
C) to have a three-weeks holiday
38
D) to camp in the middle of the forest
E) to change and later on to buy it.
218. The passage states that the reason why they missed the boat is that ……………
A) they forgot to take their suitcases and had to return back home
B) his sister was bitten by an insect
C) his younger brother broke his hand
D) the falling suitcase hit the motor cyclist
E) they forgot the camera in the car.
219. In the passage the writer is happy about that ……………
A) they could save the motor cyclist

B) they went to the beach although his sister was bitten by an insect
C) they couldn’t take photos since they forgot to take the camera with them
D) they could take his brother to hospital
E) they could save the photos from the robbers.
Regular exercise such as jogging or swimming is good for the heart. It can also give you more energy
to enjoy life. As a result of regular exercise, your body gets better at using oxygen. It becomes easier
for your heart to pump blood around your body. After a while, the heart doesn’t have to work quite as
hard. Exercise is often thought to be an easy way of losing weight. But in fact, exercise tends to
increase your appetite. Many people discover they lose little weight with exercise alone. Both diet and
exercise are needed to achieve this. Some people exercise because they think it will help them to live
longer. If that is your reason for exercising, then you should avoid short, intensive exercise. Squash,
for example, which is a fast game, may be harmful if you’re unfit or middle-aged. Other sports can be
dangerous, too. Although both rugby and football are popular sports, a rugby player is three times
more likely to be injured than a tennis player. It is advisable, therefore, to choose a sport that suits
you and not one that is going to harm you.
220- The writer states in the passage that ……………
A) the exercise you do regularly helps you live healthily.

B) while jogging or swimming a person spends too much energy.
C) the more regular exercise you do, the harder your heart works.
D) faster exercises or sports are advisable for all ages.
E) if you do the exercises in the mornings, it will help you get fresh air.
221- One can understand from the passage that ……
A) squash can be played alone.

B) squash should be advised to younger people.
C) all kinds of sports are advisable to choose at any age.
D) in-door sports are more enjoyable than out-door ones.
E) intensive and short exercises may be harmful or sometimes dangerous to unfit or middle-aged
people.
222- One can conclude from the passage that ………
A) short and intensive exercises help people live longer

B) many people exercise to lose weight and achieve it.
C) exercise doesn’t help people lose weight unless it is supported by diet.
D) you’re advised to exercise in the same period everyday.
E) regular exercises help you lose weight, especially at middle ages.
One third of Western Europe is covered by trees. This sounds impressive but most of these trees
were planted recently and are no replacement for the ancient natural forests. Europe’s ancient
woods are suitable habitats for a large number of endangered species. Fast-growing modern
forests, however, are dark and uninviting to birds and animals. The Worldwide Fund for Nature
recently held a seminar to increase publicity for a new campaign called “Forests for Life”. The
organisation wants to introduce bans on trade in products made from wood from these forests. By
the year 2010 they hope to have built up a network to provide protection for existing areas and
help restore damaged forests.
39
223- It’s stated in the passage that ……………
A) more that 30 % of the Western Europe is covered by forests.

B) people plant fast growing trees to make a suitable habitat for endangered species.
C) fast growing trees are preferable, especially in hot countries.
D) a forest invites the birds and animals to the natural life.
E) deforestation is the main reason for extinction of species.
224- It is stated in the passage that worldwide Fund for Nature ……………
A) is a campaign against deforestation.
B) arrange seminars and campaigns to attract the people’s attention to the matter.
C) bans cutting trees in the forests.
D) is supported by the governments in the EU countries.
E) gathers money from people to plant trees in the forestless areas.
225- The author states that the Worldwide Fund for Nature will arrange a campaign called “Forest
for Life” ………
A) to plant trees in the damages forests.
B) to protect forests against forest fires and trade of products made from wood.
C) because they want the trade in products made from natural forests be prohibited.
D) so as to make habitats for the birds and animals in the forests.
E) in order to plant fast growing trees in the modern forests.
There are roughly 140 countries which belong to the Third World and which are known as developing,
less developed and poor countries. Although there are great differences between them, they do have a
number of features in common. For instance, much of the Third World is in poverty. A few exceptions
to this rule are Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Libya. However, because the economies of these three
countries depend largely on one export, oil, they are still vulnerable in the world market. Most of the
developing countries still have very little industry. Farming is often the only way in which the country
can make money. Even worse, many of the countries only produce enough food to keep their own
populations alive. India is a classic example of this, as no less than 70 percent of its 970 million
people work the land for a living. Another feature which links less developed countries is life
expectancy. People die younger in the Third World because of the poverty in which they live. The poor
have much less healthy diets than in developed countries, and health care is also more likely to be
inadequate.
226- According to the passage, the Third World countries are categorised as ……………
A) developing, less developed and poor countries.

B) produce more of the oil in the world.
C) consume more than they produce.
D) sell more raw materials and they buy machines.
E) are all in poverty and get aid from WHO.
227- One can understand from the passage that Saudi Arabia, Kuwait and Libya ……………
A) are democratic countries.

B) depend largely on oil economically.
C) are classified among the developed countries.
D) are the richest countries of the Arab World.
E) are ruled by Islamic laws.
228- According to the passage, the special feature of the less developed countries is that ……………
A) the poor have as healthy diets as in developing countries

B) developed countries help them more than the other countries.
C) life expectancy is very short.
D) many of them produce enough only for their own people.
E) they are developed only in farming.
For thousands of years the moon has caught our imagination. Although it can be seen during the
day, it is associated with things that come out after dark like werewolves and witches. For thousands
of years the moon has been considered to have magical powers and it is still a symbol of the
supernatural. Despite moon-landings in the second half of this century, the idea that the moon
affects our minds and bodies remains popular. American studies have reported more murders at full
moon, more bleeding during surgery, a greater number of accidents and suicides, and more disturbed
40
behaviour in psychiatric hospitals. This apparent lunar influence has been called the “Transylvania
effect”. In fact there are at least two theories put forward by scientists claiming to explain this effect.
However, Ivan Kelly of the University of Saskatchewan and James Rotton of Florida International
University found that the “Transylvania effect” did not actually exist at all. Furthermore, they refused
the “Transylvania effect” theories, saying they were scientifically incorrect, Kelly claims “moon moods”
are probably caused by psychological factors. “If you believe the moon affects you, you alter your
behaviour accordingly. There is no magic involved at all.”
229- Ivan Kelly claims that ……………
A) psychological factors cause moon moods which people believe and change their behaviours
accordingly
B) Transylvania effect is the lunar influence.
C) Transylvania effect is the magical influence on people’s behaviour.
D) moon moods cause people commit suicides.
E) people influenced by Transylvania effect commit crimes at full moon.
230- The author states in the passage that the moon …………
A) is still unclear although it was landed there.

B) has been thought to have magical powers and a symbol of the supernatural.
C) can be seen during the day especially in summer.
D) is related to werewolves and witches, because they are considered bad and negative in the
society.
E) and the sun are always considered to have caught our imagination.
231- According to the passage Transylvanian effect ……
A) is reported to cause murders, more bleeding operations, a lot of accidents and suicides at full
moon.
B) is a solar influence on people.
C) is supported by the scientists.
D) has been seen after moon landing.
E) has a magical power on people.
For hundreds of thousands of years, human civilizations tended to barter for goods, trading shells
and precious stones for food and other important commodities. For the first evidence of money as
currency, we need to go back 5,000 years to where modern-day Iraq now sits, to find ‘the shekel’.
Though this was the first form of currency, it was not money as we know and understand it today. It
actually represented a certain weight of barley, a kind of plant, equivalent to gold or silver.
Eventually, the shekel became a coin currency in its own right. In much the same way, Britain’s
currency is called ‘the pound’, because it was originally equivalent to a pound of silver. The ancient
Greeks and Romans used gold and silver coins as currency, with the Latin ‘denarius’ ultimately
giving birth to ‘dinar’ in various countries including Jordan and Algeria, and providing the ‘d’ that
served as an abbreviation for the British penny before decimalization in 1971. It also gives us the
word for money in Spanish and Portuguese – ‘dinero’ and ‘dinhero’. The first ever banknotes were
issued in 7th-century China, though it took another 1,000 years before the idea of paper money was
adopted in Europe, by Sweden’s Stockholms Banco in 1661.
232. According to the passage, the earliest form of exchanging goods ----.
A) did not involve any form of currency
B) was confined to trading precious shells and stones
C) led to the development of commodities
D) first appeared in some parts of the Middle East
E) paved the way for people to become civilized
233. As it is clearly stated in the passage, ‘the shekel’ ----.
A) was transformed into Britain’s contemporary pound
B) was equivalent to the idea of money as we accept it today
C) was invented 5,000 years ago in what is now Iraq
D) first came to be used in place of silver coins
E) precedes the use of shells and stones for bartering
234. According to the passage, the introduction of banknotes ----.
41
A) immediately stopped the use of gold as currency
B) in China was welcomed by Europeans
C) came long before the circulation of gold and silver coins
D) into Europe took about a thousand years
E) gave rise to the development of the banking system in Europe
235. One can understand from the passage that ----.
A) the amount of time needed to develop currencies was a lot longer than anticipated
B) the development of currency as a means of exchanging goods and services owes a lot to many
nations of the world
C) were it not for the European countries, today’s exchange methods could not have developed
D) the Iraqi and Chinese contribution to the currency development is relatively less important
E) every nation today conceptualizes currency matters differently and thus uses different terms to
name currency
British scientists have begun studying a rare meteorite to reveal more about the history of Mars. The
rock, named ‘Tissint’ after the Moroccan area where it crashed in July 2011, was recovered from the
ground just five months later – not enough time to be too contaminated. “The Tissint sample is
probably the most important meteorite to have landed on the Earth in the last 100 years,” says Dr.
Caroline Smith, curator of meteorites at the Natural History Museum in London. An analysis of the
rock revealed its Martian origin. It would have been removed from Mars when an asteroid struck
the planet, staying in space as debris before being attracted by the Earth’s gravity. Of the 41,000
officially recognized meteorites, 61 come from Mars and the Tissint rock is only the fifth that was
witnessed falling.
Dr. Tony Irving of Washington University, who performed some initial analysis on the sample, does
not think there is much chance of finding fossilized life within it. But the British team could reveal
whether minerals have been affected by water or contain elements such as carbon. Smith says “We’re
not looking for microbes, but we’re looking for the chemical and environmental signatures to indicate
whether Mars, at some point in its past, may have provided a suitable environment for life to exist.”
236. It is understood from the passage that the meteorite found in Morocco ----.
A) was part of a larger meteorite that crashed into the Earth
B) is the first meteorite from Mars to be seen on the Earth
C) was recovered after remaining buried for almost 100 years
D) was too contaminated to be of any real use to scientists
E) is a very rare kind, which can be valuable to scientists
237. It is pointed out in the passage that ----.
A) Tissint was one of the meteorites that were actually seen while falling
B) the Natural History Museum took possession of the meteorite as soon as it landed on the Earth
C) other meteorites that preceded Tissint were quite similar to it in size
D) there is some doubt as to where the meteorite came from
E) the meteorite is one of the 41,000 that originated from Mars
238. According to the passage, scientists ----.
A) believe there may well be fossils in the rock
B) are examining the meteorite to reveal whether microbes could survive in it
C) are investigating the rock to find out whether Mars was once able to support life
D) claim that Tissint gives clues about the meteorites expected to hit the Earth
E) have unfortunately failed to identify the origin of Tissint
239. For scientists to come up with accurate findings, a meteorite ----.
A) is to be one of the 41,000 known meteorites
B) has to be made sure that it come from a specific planet
C) should contain plenty of living
D) organisms needs to remain intact for a sufficient amount of
E) time is required to have basic minerals in its internal structure
While playing computer games is sometimes seen as a solitary pursuit, a study at Brigham Young
University shows that it actually enhances social connections. Studying the effect of multiplayer
online games on marriages, researchers found that in the 76% of the cases where the couple played
together, games actually aided the relationship. In other words, couples that gamed together stayed
together. Games may have other effects on us too. The famous psychologist, Philip Zimbardo, recently
spoke out on the subject. In his 1971 Stanford Prison Experiment, in which volunteers were
42
randomly assigned the roles of prisoner or guard, he showed that human behaviour is heavily
influenced by environmental and social pressures. More recently, Zimbardo even suggested that
exposing children to morally ambiguous situations in games could be useful in helping them develop
their own moral compass. One possibility is to explore virtual worlds through computer games that
could enable people to experience and understand concepts that they would otherwise find difficult to
imagine. Games about society, populated by real people and open to all, could help test how different
cultural backgrounds could be brought together in peace.
240. The author’s attitude towards computer games is ----.

A) satirizing B) disrespectful C) favouring
E) pessimistic D) tolerant
241. It is stated in the passage that computer games ----.
A) enhance the feeling of loneliness if they involve more than one player all the time
B) provide opportunities for people to meet unaccustomed ideas and worlds
C) lead to role conflicts among those who come from different cultural backgrounds
D) contributes little to strengthening the relationships of married couples
E) may include harmful features that trigger aggressive behaviour among children
242. According to the passage, Zimbardo believes that ----.
A) computer games may actually help young people make more conscious decisions on moral issues
B) his experiment refutes the findings of the study conducted at Brigham Young University
C) having children face ambiguous situations in computer games can cause psychological problems
D) computer games populated by real people may not present the actual state of a society
E) environmental pressures are greater on those who play computer games
243. One can infer from the passage that ----.
A) computer games are destructive to the relationships of younger people
B) the risks associated with playing computer games outweigh the benefits
C) we have reached the limits of what can be achieved with computer games
D) computer games are capable of bringing in several unexpected benefits
E) social pressures force people to avoid playing computer games
Although many community newspapers are justifiably proud of their hard-hitting local editorials,
perhaps half of all community papers carry no editorials at all.
Publishers who refuse to editorialize often claim that editorial harassing is resented in small
communities. Others are fearful of alienating readers and advertisers. Still others say they do not
have enough time to develop polished, well-researched editorials on a regular basis. Many publishers
are leaders in the commercial and political lives of their towns, and are so much a part of the local
power structure that their editorials would not be persuasive anyway. Those who editorialize assert
that editorials and opinion columns give identity to their newspapers and leadership to their
communities.
Indeed, some of the most inspired writing the US has produced – the ‘Crisis’ essays of Tom Paine, the
Federalist Papers explaining and defending the Constitution, the stirring commentary of William Allen
White of Kansas – first saw the light of day as editorial or column material in a community
newspaper. Courageous hometown editors regularly win Pulitzer Prizes and other professional
honours for crusading editorials on local issues.
244. It is stated in the passage that some community newspapers prefer not to have editorials
because ----.
A) they think that they can increase their prices without editorials
B) publishers are afraid they could lose readers and advertisers
C) they believe that the communities are too large to be affected by editorials
D) editorials increase the cost of publishing the newspapers
E) it is difficult for publishers to find people who can write polished, well-researched editorials
245. According to the passage, by having editorials in their community newspapers, publishers ----.
A) wish to reach larger numbers of readers nationwide
B) attempt to gain greater prestige in their community
C) try to draw the attention of political figures in the local community
D) tend to spread their political views through their newspapers
E) aim to give a particular quality to their newspapers
246. The author of the passage ----.
A) inclines not to agree with certain publishers
B) is himself an editor of a community newspaper
43
C) believes politics should play little role in editorials
D) provides a balanced view on the inclusion of editorials
E) underestimates the advantages of editorials
247. It can be inferred from the passage that ----.
A) there could be times when supposedly unimportant editorial could have widespread influence over
a nation
B) some famous essays were in fact distorted forms of the editorials published in the community
newspapers
C) there is ample evidence that community newspapers were much more influential in the past
D) publishers have felt all along the political pressure to include editorials to promote community
issues
E) abusing editorials to promote advertising in community newspapers backfired
Innovation is not a synonym for invention – an invention has to be taken to the market to be regarded
as innovation. Innovation must change the way people do something. In an essay on creativity,
Teresa Amabile and others describe innovation as ‘the successful implementation of creative ideas
within an organization’. Creativity, which includes invention, is only the starting point for innovation,
which is a necessary but not sufficient condition for it. As Amabile implies, the business of innovation
needs to be managed all the way from the creative inspiration through to a launchable product or
service. Innovation is not restricted to products and services. It might be internal to the business, in
the form of new and more effective organizational structures or processes. It could be a new way of
marketing or distribution, like online grocery deliveries. By today’s thinking, innovation can also be in
the form of a significant improvement to an existing commodity. When you build a better product, not
necessarily a revolutionary one, the whole world will want to buy it. A lot of small types of innovation
like this are more akin to continuous improvement, which makes up 85-90% of the average corporate
development portfolio.
248. It is clearly stated in the passage that for Amabile, ----.

A) for a company to be managed successfully, it requires new ways of organizing the workforce and
processes
B) innovation has to be carefully monitored from the starting point to the end product for a company
to be profitable
C) the scope of innovation is so broad that its application can involve a wide range of goods and
processes
D) placing restrictions on the range of the uses of innovation for certain products and services may
damage the inventive spirit
E) a creative inspiration that is adequately turned into a marketable product or service is a sign of the
company’s future prospects
249. According to the passage, ----.
A) small innovations fail to account for a great portion of a company’s turnover
B) corporate development portfolios owe their improvement to creating only revolutionary products
C) a new marketing or distribution strategy like online shopping can hardly be an example of
innovation
D) an innovation can both be an improvement in a product and a completely new product
E) the survival of a business is closely tied to its flexibility to adjust to online marketing
250. It can be understood from the passage that the author ----.
A) informs the reader of the consequences when a corporate suffers from a lack of activity, invention
and innovation
B) sets out to clear up the misunderstanding between some terms and to point out the importance of
small advances
C) successfully explains why commercial organizations have to come to a correct interpretation of
manufacturing terminology
D) warns that if the current state of production processes prevails, the desire to innovate may be lost
E) criticizes the existing management practices, which will eventually disregard lots of small
innovations
251. One can conclude from the passage that ----.
A) terms like invention, innovation and creativity need to be clearly defined and described before they
can be applied productively
B) so long as companies and inventors interpret the concept of innovation rightly, they would
eventually make huge profits
44
C) innovation not only eases the practical difficulties of life but also comprises a considerable amount
of revenues
D) the idea of innovation is so complex that it can hardly be applied to simple procedures like online
shopping
E) for many a person, for a new product to be innovative, it does not have to involve a creative input
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Akhtamov A.A. - Reading Comprehension Tests

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Akhtamov A.A. - Reading Comprehension Tests

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Reading

1- According to the passage, twine rope………. .

A) can be used for some of the same functions as nails

A) better known among people as a source of food

3- It is clear from the passage that…………. .

A) baby food made from coconut palms contains a bit of alcohol

7- According to the passage, workers on flexitime………… .

10- The main focus of the passage is……….

13- From the passage, we can determine that………. .

14- The passage states that Mtskheta…………

16- It's mentioned in the passage that ………..

22- The passage makes it clear that a century ago, ………. .

A) Africans achieved freedom by holding protest marches

23- The word "unfettered" probably means……….. .

A) being held as a slave by another country

24- The author states that……….. .

25- The conflict described in the passage …...

A) depend on trees for their nourishment during winter

28- We understand from the passage that …..

31- We can conclude from the passage that…………… .

A) the air currents caused by flying bats

35- It is clear from the passage that………. .

A) British people love all animals, except for bats

36- The passage states that Britain is well-known for………… .

A) making its heritage an endangered species

37- The main idea of the passage is that ……

38- The research mentioned in the passage………… .

A) concentrated on the effects of smoking before and after pregnancy

A) they monitored the lives of their subjects from birth to age 34

40- We understand from the passage that primitive reflexes……….. .

41- It is clear from the passage that………….. .

A) human babies are good at hanging on to tree branches

42- According to some psychologists, …….. .

43- We can infer from the passage that ……………

49- It is stated in the passage that ……………

52- It is stated in the passage that ……………

55- We can infer from the passage that ……………

56- It is stated in the passage that ……………

A) there was misunderstanding about the order at the market.

57- We can conclude from the passage that ………

58- We can conclude from the passage that ………

A) people start eating on 19th December.

61- It is stated in the passage that ……………

A) nine out of ten people speak English as a second language.

62- The author states that ……………

64- From the description of the painting, we understand that.......

A) the artist paints in a bold, impressionistic style

65- We may gather from the description that.......

A) all the colours used in this painting have faded in time

A) the eyes of the boy look straight into yours

67- The Literary Digest poll La 1936 became notorious because.......

68- In the author's opinion, in 1936, Gallup and Roper.......

A) pointed out the faults in the straw poll system

70- We learn from the passage that micro organisms .......

A) are prevented totally from developing in the process of food preservation

71- In the process of fermentation described in the passage.......

A) a combination of salt, water and micro organisms is heated

A) the food should be contained in salt water at set temperatures

73- The writer claims that.......

A) almost all people lose their voices during winter

A) you work in any professional occupation

76- The tourists .......

A) happened because the plane had difficulty stopping

78- The travel company.......